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Results for “Urethral Obstruction”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Application of intraurethral catheter for geriatric male patients complaining of urethral obstruction due to malignancy--comparison with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Intraurethral catheters (IUC) were used for elderly male patients with prostatic urethral obstruction (PUO) due to malignancy (MA) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Thirty-three men complaining of urinary retention in spite of medical therapy at the risk for prostatic surgery underwent insertion of IUC (16Fr Puroflex, Angiomed Co., Ltd., Germany). Six of 33 were patients with PUO due to MA (5 prostatic cancer, and 1 urethral invasion of rectal cancer, mean 82.7 years old), and the other 27 were patients with BPH (average 80.1 years old). Follow-up period of the former ranged from 2 to 9 (mean 6.5) months, and that of the latter ranged from 6 to 23 months. Water filling cystometry (CMG) before the insertion of IUC and fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCU) just after insertion of IUC were performed. We defined normal CMG and normal VCU as normal bladder, overactive CMG and normal VCU as overactive bladder, and normal or poor sensitive CMG and underactive VCU as underactive bladder. Five of 27 BPH patients had previous prostatic operations (TUR-P, and/or balloon dilation), but 6 MA did not. All of MA (3 normal bladder, 2 overactive bladder, and 1 underactive bladder) voided satisfactorily, and average duration of IUC in place was 6.5 months without exchange of IUC. Although sixteen of 27 (59.3%) BPH patients voided satisfactorily, and average duration of IUC in place was 12.1 months without exchange of IUC, in the other 11 of these 27 BPH patients were removed IUC, and average duration of IUC in place was 4.7 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urethral obstruction as a complication of staged bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy.

A 5-month-old, neutered male Labrador retriever developed urethral obstruction secondary to staged, bilateral, triple pelvic osteotomy procedures. Conventional medical therapy failed to resolve the urinary dysfunction, and eventual surgical correction was required. Prior anecdotal reports exist on this complication, but little to no information is available in the veterinary literature. It was the objective of this case report to document this rare complication and describe its correction.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of two techniques of partial urethral obstruction in the male rat model of bladder outlet obstruction.

OBJECTIVES: To perform a comparison to determine which of two methods of partial urethral ligation produces the most consistent outcome and fewest side effects. Such a study has not been previously reported. Partial urethral ligation is a means of causing reproducible bladder outlet obstruction. In the male rat model, partial urethral obstruction can be performed either by perineal incision and bulbous urethral ligation or retropubic incision and midprostatic obstruction. METHODS: Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Five were selected for bulbous urethral obstruction through a perineal incision, five for midprostatic obstruction using a retropubic approach, and five for a sham operation through a perineal incision. RESULTS: The operative time was shorter and morbidity lower with the perineal approach compared with the retropubic approach. Inflammation or infection, or both, were seen in the prostate, bladder, proximal urethra, ureters, and kidneys in the rats in which a midprostatic obstruction was performed. The proximal urethra and prostate were mildly inflamed in those rats that underwent bulbous obstruction. Sham-operated rats exhibited mild prostatitis only. CONCLUSIONS: The perineal approach to the bulbous urethra is the method of choice for creating a partial urethral obstruction model of bladder outlet obstruction in the male rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Familial segregation of cervical ribs, Sprengel anomaly, preaxial polydactyly, anal atresia, and urethral obstruction: a new syndrome?

In a consanguineous Jewish family originating from Bombay, India, the propositus presented with anal atresia, micropenis, urethral obstruction with secondary prune belly, omphalocele, patent urachus, and cryptorchidism. The kidneys were dysplastic and he had the Potter phenotype with limb deformities. Additional findings included IUGR with microcephaly, congenital heart defects, spinal anomalies, and hypoplastic lungs. The mother and all three sisters had cervical ribs, and she and one sister had 11 pairs of thoracic ribs. The other two sisters had chronic immune thrombopenia. One of those had bilateral Sprengel deformity with homovertebral bones, club feet, and microcephaly and the other sister also had unilateral preaxial hexadactyly. Although familial segregation of cervical ribs and Sprengel deformity has been reported, the association of the findings in this family is unique and may represent a new syndrome. X-linked dominant transmission may explain the severe manifestations in the affected male, but other modes of inheritance may also apply.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Urethral obstruction after anterior colporrhaphy: correction by simple vaginoplasty.

OBJECTIVES: Bladder outlet obstruction is a well-known complication of anti-stress incontinence procedures including retropubic suspensions, needle suspensions, and slings. Relief of obstruction after these procedures usually requires freeing the urethra from its superior attachments. Because the anterior colporrhaphy does not involve suspension above the urethra, obstruction can be relieved by a simple plastic procedure involving the anterior vaginal wall. METHODS: We describe 2 cases in which a simple plastic procedure was used to correct urodynamically confirmed obstruction after anterior colporrhaphy. RESULTS: One patient became completely asymptomatic. The other had subjective and urodynamic resolution of her obstructive symptoms, but persistent detrusor instability. CONCLUSIONS: A simple plastic procedure can be used to correct urethral obstruction after anterior colporrhaphy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Urethral obstruction owing to retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma.

We report a case of cystic lymphangioma arising from retroperitoneal tissues of the pelvis, which caused urethral obstruction and eventual urinary retention. Sonography and computerized tomography demonstrated a retroperitoneal cystic mass in the pelvis. A preoperative diagnosis of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma was suggested by typical computerized and sonographic features.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Sequential morphological changes in the pig detrusor in response to chronic partial urethral obstruction.

The sequential morphological changes which occur in the wall of the porcine urinary bladder in response to experimentally induced partial outflow obstruction have been determined using morphometric light and electron microscope techniques. The initial morphological response to urethral obstruction was a reduction of approximately 50% in the density of autonomic nerves in the bladder wall which occurred within the first 3 months. During this period the morphology of smooth muscle cells and the distribution of connective tissue were unaltered. Longer periods of obstruction produced a gradual further reduction in the density of innervation. However, from 3 months onwards the detrusor muscle bundles became infiltrated by connective tissue, although significant change in muscle cell size was not detected after obstruction for 12 months. Using electron microscopy, smooth muscle cells were observed to possess extensive amounts of perinuclear granular reticulum, this feature being particularly marked in bladders subjected to longer periods of obstruction. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these structural changes remain to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Urethral obstruction and bilateral ureteral hydronephroses secondary to fecal impaction.

We present a case report of the first adult woman reported to suffer from both urethral obstruction and bilateral ureteral hydronephroses secondary to fecal impaction. The work-up suggested that hypothyroidism might be the cause for fecal impaction. Urinary tract obstruction caused by hypothyroidism-induced fecal impaction has never been reported. Fecal impaction should be considered as one of the causes for urinary tract obstruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Urethral obstruction sequence and lower limb deficiency: evidence for the vascular disruption hypothesis.

We reviewed five unreported examples and 23 previously reported cases of urethral obstruction sequence with associated lower limb deficiency. There was no evidence of amniotic bands or exposure to vasoactive drugs during pregnancy in any case. In three infants a gangrenous lesion at the distal part of the affected leg was found; in another three infants, necrotic tissue was noted in the stump of the affected leg. This type of lesion can be explained only on a vascular ischemic basis. In five cases, signs of compression of the external iliac artery by the grossly distended bladder, by grossly distended ureters, or both were found. A vascular disruption in the territory of the external iliac artery caused by compression by the distended urinary tract is the proposed mechanism for the associated limb deficiency.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Double urethral obstruction in a neonate - a case report.

Posterior urethral valves are the most common cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in a male child, generally occurring as an isolated anomaly. Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum, although less common, can also cause urethral obstruction. We report a rare combination of the two anomalies in which the proximal, more severe anomaly prevented the initial expression of the other.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1983

Obstructing urethral valve in a woman: a case report.

We report on a woman with a urethral valve causing obstruction, hyperreflexia, vesicoureteral reflux and retention. The diagnosis of urethral valves in female subjects rests on endoscopy and radiographic studies. Transurethral resection of the valve is effective treatment. The literature is discussed briefly.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Investigations on dietary treatment of struvite urolithiasis: 3. Effect of an acidifying diet on acid-base- and mineral-balance of cats after acute urethral obstruction.

The effect of a commercial acidifying diet on acid-base-balance and urinary mineral concentration was compared in five healthy cats and five cats with urethral obstruction for six days after the removal of lower urinary tract obstruction. There were no significant differences in urine pH throughout the experiment between the groups. Blood pH was decreased in obstructed animals at the time of presentation at the clinic, but thereafter it did not differ from data from healthy cats on the same diet. The concentration of phosphorus and potassium in urine decreased, sodium and chloride did not change, while magnesium and calcium content increased.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Severe urethral obstruction diagnosed at 14 weeks' gestation: variability of outcome with and without drainage.

We present 3 case reports to illustrate the variability of outcome of severe fetal posterior urethral obstruction. Two of the described cases support the view that early in-utero decompression of an obstructed fetal urinary system into the amniotic cavity, in the selected patient, will allow adequate lung development and will prevent the development of severe renal dysplasia. It will not prevent the abdominal wall deformity of the prune belly syndrome. The evidence suggests that to allow maximum time for lung development and to prevent increasing renal dysplasia, drainage should be performed before 18 weeks of gestation. To obtain maximum effect, this drainage should continue until at least 32-33 weeks' gestation, so that the possible respiratory problems of prematurity would not be severe enough to compound the degree of lung hypoplasia which might be present. Case 3 supports our view that an endoscopic approach to in-utero drainage of the urinary tract has the advantage of achieving drainage with minimal risk to both mother and fetus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Penile prolapse and urethral obstruction secondary to lymphosarcoma of the penis in a dog.

A 5-year-old Chihuahua presented for clinical signs of dysuria and penile prolapse. Radiographic studies identified a urethral obstruction distal to the junction of the proximal and middle third of the os penis that appeared to be secondary to swelling of the penis. Penile resection combined with a scrotal urethrostomy was performed. Histopathological examinations of tissue samples of the body of the penis revealed lymphosarcoma. Lymphosarcoma of the penis is a rare finding in all species. It can occur as a primary tumor of the penis in dogs. Penile lymphosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs affected with penile prolapse and dysuria.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Changes in bladder contractility and compliance due to urethral obstruction: a longitudinal followup of guinea pigs.

PURPOSE: We established the longitudinal changes in bladder contractility and compliance as a result of urethral obstruction using a guinea pig model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Obstruction was induced in guinea pigs by a silver ring around the urethra. Urodynamic studies were performed longitudinally in individual animals. Bladder contractility and compliance were calculated from the measured bladder pressure and urine flow rate. RESULTS: Bladder contractility developed in distinct phases. It reached a maximum 200% increase after an average of 3.25 weeks concomitant with an almost 2-fold increase in urethral resistance, remained 150% to 200% increased during weeks 4 to 7 and then decreased to starting levels again, while urethral resistance remained almost 2-fold increased. Bladder compliance decreased by 80% during the first 3 weeks and continued to decrease to 5% of its original value after 10 to 11 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that as a result of obstruction bladder function passes through a specific sequence of stages, including first a compensatory increase in contractility, then a stabilization phase and finally a decompensation state. In contrast bladder compliance shows a continuous decrease. The data suggest that for assessing how far a bladder has deteriorated due to obstruction a combination of functional and structural data may be warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

A novel temporary prostatic stent for the relief of prostatic urethral obstruction.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of a novel temporary prostatic stent (The Spanner, AbbeyMoor Medical, Inc., Minnesota, USA) on variables of voiding function and quality of life among patients with prostatic urethral obstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The stent design is very similar to the proximal 4-6 cm of a Foley catheter; this includes a proximal balloon to prevent distal displacement, a urine port situated cephalad to the balloon, and a reinforced stent of various lengths to span most of the prostatic urethra. There is also a distal anchor mechanism attached by sutures, and a retrieval suture which extends to the meatus and deflates the proximal balloon when pulled. The stent was inserted under topical anaesthesia in 30 patients. The maximum flow rate (Qmax), voided volume (W), postvoid residual (PVR), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and stent position were assessed. RESULTS: Stents remained in situ for a mean (range) of 57 (1-98) days. The mean overall Qmax at baseline and after insertion were 8.2 and 11.6 mL/s, representing a 42% improvement (P < 0.001); the respective mean overall Ws were similar, at 219.7 and 221.6 mL (0.9% increase, not significant) and the PVRs were 312.1 and 112.3 mL, representing a 64% decrease (P = 0.004). The overall mean IPSS declined from 22.3 before to 7.1 after insertion, representing a 68% decrease (P < 0.001). There were only minor adverse events. The stability, patency and lack of migration of the device were confirmed radiographically up to 12 weeks of use. CONCLUSIONS: This early study shows that this temporary prostatic stent is easily inserted and removed, remains anchored in position, and significantly improves the Qmax, PVR and IPSS while preserving volitional voiding and continence.

Catheterization↗