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PubMed1994

A comparison of three quality of life instruments in subjects with angina pectoris: the Sickness Impact Profile, the Nottingham Health Profile, and the Quality of Well Being Scale.

Three instruments for the assessment of quality of life, the Quality of Well Being index (QWB), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) were assessed in 59 patients with angina pectoris. The NHP showed increased statistically significant impairment with higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class in 4 out of 6 subscales but not in single responses to questions on daily life. In the SIP 9 out of 11 dimensions increased with NYHA grade as did the physical and psychosocial subscores and the total score. There were statistically significant increases in six of the eleven dimensions. In the QWB an increase was observed only for two out of four categories employed in this instrument. The QWB was the most difficult to administer and thought likely to be insensitive to changes in anginal pain. There was a high level of agreement in similar dimensions of NHP and SIP. A psychological distress score was evaluated using the Symptom Rating Test and correlated with all summary dimensions of both instruments. The coefficients of variation were lower in SIP than in NHP categories. In conclusion quality of life instruments like NHP and SIP may be able to identify treatment effects in angina patients and so yield a useful addition to the traditional measures employed for the assessment of their condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cholesterol profile measurement by vertical auto profile method.

Vertical auto profile (VAP) method is a direct single test for measuring comprehensive lipoprotein cholesterol profile. It is based on a well-established method of ultracentrifugation that uses vertical rotor and single density gradient spin. VAP provides cholesterol concentrations of total lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), HDL subclasses (HDL2 and HDL3), LDL subclasses (LDL1, LDL2, LDL3, and LDL4), VLDL subclasses (VLDL1, VLDL2, and VLDL3), and LDL maximum time, which is directly proportional to LDL size. Because VAP measures additional lipoprotein classes, such as Lp(a), IDL, and subclasses of HDL, LDL, and VLDL, it can identify patients at high risk for coronary heart disease who cannot be identified using the standard lipid panel. In addition, the VAP method is compliant with the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines.

Automation↗
PubMed2006

New impurity profiles of recent Australian imported 'ice': methamphetamine impurity profiling and the identification of (pseudo)ephedrine and Leuckart specific marker compounds.

Determination of the synthetic route in methamphetamine profiling relies on the identification of key, route specific marker impurity compounds. Impurity profiling of recent crystalline methamphetamine ('ice'), seized by the Australian Federal Police at the Australian border in 2003-2004, identified route specific marker compounds normally associated with two different synthetic approaches in the same samples. Impurities consistent with the ephedrine route included 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenyl aziridine (I), 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylnaphthalene (VIII) and 1-benzyl-3-methylnaphthalene (IX), alongside N-formylmethamphetamine (V), N,N-di-(beta-phenylisopropyl)amine (XII) and N,N-di-(beta-phenylisopropyl)methylamine (XIII), N-benzoylamphetamine (XIV) and N,N-di-(beta-phenylisopropyl)formamide (XV) commonly associated with the Leuckart route and/or reductive amination. A non-synthetic process related origin of low-level N-formylmethamphetamine is proposed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Studies of female urethral pressure profile. Part II. Urethral pressure profile in female incontinence.

Most pressure values, except U1 and areas under the curve, were significantly lower in the 456 curves obtained in 38 incontinent women than in normal subjects. Standard deviations of all parameters are important because of variations in the degree of patient relaxation, explaining a large overlapping zone in which curves from the incontinent and the normal groups are superimposed. There are 3 factors that cause a reduction in urethral pressure profile: 1) aging and menopause (which are attributed to reduction in urethral compliance), 2) multiparity and 3) previous significant urogynecological operations. Besides urethral compliance urethral pressure profile studies allow measurement of 5 other components of the urethral resistance: 1) the degree of patency of the vesical neck, 2) the maximum voluntary sphincter contraction, 3) the functional urethral length, 4) the facilitatory urethral relaxation reflex and 5) the degree of urethral displacement to some extent. Separate measurements of each urethral factor should allow a more accurate analysis of urethral resistance and, consequently, enhance the quality of therapeutic indications in the management of female incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Urethral pressure profile in children: a comparison between perfused catheters and micro-transducers, and a study of the usefulness of urethral pressure profile measurements in children.

Urethral pressure profiles were done on 46 children by the classical open-end perfused catheter and by a micro-transducer mounted on the tip of a catheter. A comparative study of the results obtained using the 2 methods demonstrates clearly the superiority of the micro-transducer over the perfused catheter. There are so many limitations of precison with the perfused catheter method that its usefulness for clinical studies seems questionable. With both methods the urethral pressure profile alone was not sufficient for distinguishing betweeen obstructed and non-obstructed bladder outlets.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Toward a protein profile of Escherichia coli: comparison to its transcription profile.

High-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to obtain a protein profile of Escherichia coli strain MG1655 grown in minimal medium with glycerol as the carbon source. By using cell lysate from only 3 x 108 cells, at least four different tryptic peptides were detected for each of 404 proteins in a short 4-h experiment. At least one peptide with a high reliability score was detected for 986 proteins. Because membrane proteins were underrepresented, a second experiment was performed with a preparation enriched in membranes. An additional 161 proteins were detected, of which from half to two-thirds were membrane proteins. Overall, 1,147 different E. coli proteins were identified, almost 4 times as many as had been identified previously by using other tools. The protein list was compared with the transcription profile obtained on Affymetrix GeneChips. Expression of 1,113 (97%) of the genes whose protein products were found was detected at the mRNA level. The arithmetic mean mRNA signal intensity for these genes was 3-fold higher than that for all 4,300 protein-coding genes of E. coli. Thus, GeneChip data confirmed the high reliability of the protein list, which contains about one-fourth of the proteins of E. coli. Detection of even those membrane proteins and proteins of undefined function that are encoded by the same operons (transcriptional units) encoding proteins on the list remained low.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed2004

Arby: automatic protein structure prediction using profile-profile alignment and confidence measures.

MOTIVATION: Arby is a new server for protein structure prediction that combines several homology-based methods for predicting the three-dimensional structure of a protein, given its sequence. The methods used include a threading approach, which makes use of structural information, and a profile-profile alignment approach that incorporates secondary structure predictions. The combination of the different methods with the help of empirically derived confidence measures affords reliable template selection. RESULTS: According to the recent CAFASP3 experiment, the server is one of the most sensitive methods for predicting the structure of single domain proteins. The quality of template selection is assessed using a fold-recognition experiment. AVAILABILITY: The Arby server is available through the portal of the Helmholtz Network for Bioinformatics at http://www.hnbioinfo.de under the protein structure category.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2003

Measurement of the profile angle and the aesthetic analysis of the facial profile.

Cephalometric measurement of the face in terms of aesthetics can be difficult and misleading due to the variability of the intra-cranial reference lines. Extra-cranial references are more accurate, but can be time-consuming to apply. The Aesthetic Horizontal is an intuitive datum line related to the 'photographic position' of the head, which is expedient in use and clinically relevant. A new and straightforward technique is presented for transferring the Aesthetic Horizontal directly from the patient to any recent radiograph, which can then be used as the reference line for an aesthetic analysis of the facial profile. The instrument used for measuring the profile angle and the transfer is readily constructed from a protractor and small weight. The technique can also be used to transfer any other orientation (e.g. Natural Head Position or Natural Head Posture) from the patient to a recent radiograph.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2003

Acute marihuana (THC) exposure produces a "transient" topographic quantitative EEG profile identical to the "persistent" profile seen in chronic heavy users.

In two published pilot studies and a controlled replication using screened normals, chronic marihuana (THC) use was associated with a unique topographic quantitative EEG profile, consisting of significant elevations of Absolute and Relative Power and Coherence of alpha activity over the bilateral frontal cortex as well as a significant decrease in alpha frequency. This report attempts to establish the causal influence of THC in the above findings by the transient production of this exact quantitative EEG profile in subjects who did not display it at the beginning. Using paced smoking of marihuana with high and low dose THC content and placebo marihuana in a counterbalanced design under double blind conditions, all four of the topographic features of chronic THC exposure were produced as transient effects by THC but not by placebo.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of high-profile and low-profile dynamic mobilization splint designs.

Despite claims that the high-profile dynamic mobilization splint design requires less frequent adjustments than the low-profile design, the authors are not aware of biomechanical evidence supporting such claims. The purpose of this study was to reexamine this claim and quantitatively analyze each design as well as the differences between designs with respect to the actual deviation from a 90 degrees angle of applied force for 60 degrees, 30 degrees, 20 degrees, and 10 degrees gains in proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) extension. Additionally, for 10 degrees, 20 degrees, and 30 degrees gains in PIP extension, the authors determined the corrective and shear forces as a function of the deviation from a 90 degrees angle of applied force for each design, as well as the difference between the designs. Results show that in all instances examined, the actual difference between the designs is quite small. Implications of such findings are discussed along with newly identified relationships of potential utility to the hand therapist.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2005

Medicinal chemistry, metabolic profiling and drug target discovery: a role for metabolic profiling in reverse pharmacology and chemical genetics.

Comprehensive analysis of the metabolome can contribute to mechanism of action studies for small molecules discovered in phenotypic screens. Examples are presented in this overview of the rapidly developing field of "metabolic profiling." These examples include the use of NMR in gene function analysis, GC-based studies on the identification of metabolic pathways affected by PPAR-gamma agonists, applications of Fourier-transform MS and the use of stable isotope-based metabolic profiling (SIDMAP) to investigate metabolic adaptive changes induced by effective anticancer agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Construct validity of the motor profile with preschool children with speech-language delays: component of the early screening profiles.

The purpose of this study was to assess whether the Motor Profile (Bruiniks, Rynders, & Ilmer, 1990) is a reliable, objective, and valid assessment tool of gross and fine motor skills for children (N = 60) between the ages of 3 yr., 0 mo. to 5 yr., 11 mo., classified only as speech-language-delayed. Strong test-retest and inter-rater agreement were indicated. Higher cognitive processing, static and dynamic balance may have played a critical role in the children's performance of items that loaded on Factor 1, while eye-foot and eye-hand coordination may have influenced performance on those of Factor 2. The Motor Profile is a valid assessment instrument identifying the current motor development of this population.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed1990

Identification of the pylorus from the intraluminal pH profile. Validation of the method by comparing it with transpyloric potential difference and pressure profile.

In contrast to the steady low intragastric pH, the pH in the proximal duodenum shows wide, rapid, and frequent fluctuations. This change in pH pattern may be used to localize the pylorus and thereby ensure reproducible measurements of duodenal pH at a known and reproducible distance from the pylorus. To validate this method of localizing the pylorus, simultaneous measurements were performed of the transpyloric pH and potential difference (PD) profile and of the pH and pressure profile in 10 normal subjects. pH-metry and PD-metry localized the pylorus within the same 1.5 cm in 82% of 104 5-min periods, and pH-metry and manometry localized the pylorus within the same 5 cm in 72% of 77 10-min periods. This agreement and accuracy seem satisfactory for most studies of intraluminal pH in the duodenum and make reliable long-term ambulatory recording of duodenal pH possible without serial roentgenogram controls.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Report on the 89th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America--balance between the time sensitivity profile and the slice sensitivity profile in multi-slice helical scanning].

PURPOSE: With multi-slice helical scanning, increasing helical pitch causes changes in the effective slice sensitivity profile and thus in a thickening of the effective slice thickness. However, the increase in helical pitch alters the time sensitivity profile, thereby decreasing the effective scan time. In this paper we report the results of our research concerning the setting of optimum conditions to resolve this issue. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted with a moving phantom. The movement showed a variety of changes. RESULTS: When the subject was not in motion, increases in helical pitch resulted in deterioration in the image quality of the CT image. However, when the subject was in motion increases in helical pitch improved image quality. CONCLUSION: The general belief until now has been that helical pitch should be decreased in order to improve CT image quality. However, in the case of a moving subject, reduced helical pitch leads to deterioration in the time resolution and thus to a deterioration in the image quality. Through this study we have acquired an understanding of which helical pitch value is optimal in terms of the subject's rate of movement.

Sensitivity and Specificity↗
PubMed1982

In vivo recording of blood velocity profiles and studies in vitro of profile alterations induced by known stenoses.

Recordings of blood velocity profiles and their behavior in the time domain in some peripheral human vessels (carotid arteries and limb vessels) are reported. Measurements have been obtained with a pulsed ultrasonic instrument based on the analysis of the cross-correlation function of blood-diffused echoes. The alterations of blood velocity profiles and of the velocity in the time domain, induced by known stenosis, have been studied in vitro as a function of the distance between stenosis and measuring point, and the position of the sample volume along the diameter. These studies may be useful for a better comprehension of blood velocity measurements made with ultrasound equipment for clinical noninvasive diagnostic purposes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

[Hormone profile and follicle development in ovarian stimulation treatment for in vitro fertilization. 1. FSH and LH profiles].

144 patients were treated by 5 different stimulation protocols in the IVF-program of the University Women's Hospital Rostock (Clomiphene/HCG, Clomiphene/Anthrogon/HCG, Pergonal/HCG, Anthrogon/HCG, Folistiman/HCG). In 172 cycles FSH and LH were measured in serum during the follicular phase by RIA. The results were compared between the treatment groups and a group of normal women by Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney's nonparametric test. Moreover, in each group the number of follicles visible by laparoscopy and number of punctured follicles were estimated. The maturation of collected oocytes were judged by a maturation index. Modus of action and FSH/LH-ratio of used drugs have been shown to influence serum levels of FSH. Every stimulation protocol was characterized by typical profiles of hormones. Especially, immunoreactive levels of FSH were related to development of follicles. Different biological action of various stimulation regimes was demonstrated by a shortage of follicular phase from 13,4 days in the Clomiphene group to 11,0 days in the Folistiman group, an increase of laparoscopically visible follicles from 4,0 to 13,2 and a rise of collected oocytes from 1,6 to 7,3 per laparoscopy. Quality of oocytes has been shown to be related significantly to the modus of stimulation. Anthrogon-protocol was the most effective stimulation regime according to profile of gonadotropins, the number of follicles and the structure of harvested population of oocytes. However, even in this group co-dominant development of follicle was not achieved. Application of pure FSH and an earlier start of stimulation treatment are possibilities for improvements of results in IVF by stimulation.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1997

Service profiles of general practitioners in Europe. European GP Task Profile Study.

BACKGROUND: General practice is the focal point of primary care. There are national differences in the structure and organization of practice, the relationship with secondary care is being redefined, and in some countries major changes are taking place. AIM: To describe and examine differences in the service profiles of general practitioners (GPs) in European countries. METHOD: Standardized questionnaires in the national languages were sent to samples of GPs in 1993. Four areas of service provision were measured: the GP's position in the first contact with selected health problems, the involvement in minor surgery and the application of medical procedures, disease management and preventive care. The importance of the gatekeeping role, remuneration system, and geographical region in Europe was examined by comparing scores in appropriate national groupings. RESULTS: Data were received from 7233 GPs in 30 countries. Most national samples were random and the average response rate was 47%. In countries where GPs have a gatekeeping role, they had a relatively stronger position as doctors of first contact. In those countries where GPs were usually self-employed, they had a stronger role in disease management and screening for blood cholesterol. In the examination of the three structural elements of health care, the most striking differences were evident in the comparison between eastern and western Europe. GPs throughout Europe had a comparatively small role in organized health education. CONCLUSION: The position of GPs is weak in eastern Europe and some Mediterranean countries, where service profiles have a limited range. General practice was more comprehensive where the doctors had a gatekeeping role.

Employment↗