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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The influences of changes in temperature on intestinal lymph flow and relationship to operations for carcinoma of the intestine.

The effect of cooling, freezing and warming temperatures on the flow of lymph from the intestines was studied in dogs. When intestinal temperatures were dropped to an average of approximately 40 degrees F., an immediate decrease in lymph flow occurred to a mean value 33 per cent of control levels. With rewarming, lymph flow increased rapidly, rebounding to a level almost twice as great as that in controls. When the intestines were subjected to hypothermia to the point of freezing, lymph flow decreased immediately with flow rates dropping to only 6.6 per cent of control levels. Techniques for achieving freezing in these studies were inefficient, and uniform freezing was not always obtained. Again, with rewarming there was an immediate rise in lymph flow to levels significantly above those in controls. In hyperthermic studies to temperatures of 103 degrees F., a biphasic reaction was noted with an initial increase in lymph flow averaging 71 per cent higher than that in controls followed rapidly by a drop in lymph flow significantly below control levels. These experiments demonstrate that hypothermia, particularly below freezing temperatures, may rapidly decrease and virtually stop lymph flow from an intestinal segment. This suggests that hypothermia might be useful as an adjunctive measure in the operative management of patients with carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Determination of altosid insect growth regulator in waters, soils, plants, and animals by gas-liquid chromatography.

Residues of isopropyl (2E,4E)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate (Altosid) insect growth regulator are determined in waters, soils, plants, milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, poultry and cattle tissues, blood, urine, and feces. Acetonitrile is the primary extraction solvent for all samples. Residues are extracted by high-speed blending followed by vacuum filtration. Fatty extracts are subjected to cold-temperature precipitation and filtration. Samples are cleaned up by petroleum ether partitioning and Florisil and neutral alumina chromatography. The concentrated eluants are analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) on columns of differing polarity, using hydrogen flame ionization detectors. The identity of suspected residues is confirmed by additional GLC and by mass fragmentography. The lower limits of detection were: water samples, 0.0004-0.001 ppm; soils, blood, and urine, 0.001 ppm; forage grasses, forage legumes, and rice foliage, 0.005 ppm; and milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, poultry and cattle tissues, and feces, 0.010 ppm.

Acetonitriles↗
PubMed2001

[Detection and significance of cryoglobulins].

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins which reversibly precipitate at cold temperatures. They are usually accompanied with polymorphic clinical manifestations and biological abnormalities. Cryoglobulins are associated with various clinical disorders which include autoimmune diseases, lymphoproliferative and infectious disorders. Because of their low concentration, detection and quantitation of cryoglobulins need very rigorous conditions when collecting blood from patients.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita: an unusual cause of lower extremity hypoplasia.

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita is a relatively benign, rare cutaneous disorder with various manifestations. A seven-year-old girl, who presented with extremity hypoplasia, had the characteristic reticular, patchy, blue-pink cutaneous lesions, which became more prominent with exposure to cold temperatures. She had 4.8 cm shortening of her right lower extremity, which was also thinner than on the left side. The patient did not have skin atrophy, ulcers, glaucoma or macrocephaly. She is being followed for a future extremity lengthening procedure.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Cutaneous vasoconstriction contributes to hyperthermia induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) in conscious rabbits.

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") increases body temperature. This process could be associated with increased cutaneous blood flow, as normally occurs with exercise-induced hyperthermia. Alternatively, an MDMA-induced fall in cutaneous blood flow could contribute to the hyperthermia by diminishing normal heat transfer from the body to the environment. We investigated these possibilities by administering MDMA (1.5-6 mg/kg, i.v.) to conscious freely moving rabbits, determining effects on body temperature, cutaneous blood flow (measured by a Doppler ultrasonic probe that was chronically implanted around the ear pinna artery), and other cardiovascular parameters. MDMA caused a dose-dependent increase in body temperature (from 38.3 +/- 0.3 to 41.2 +/- 0.4 degrees C after 6 mg/kg; p < 0.01; n = 5), preceded and accompanied by a dose-dependent cutaneous vasoconstriction (from 29 +/- 6 to 5 +/- 1 cm/sec after 6 mg/kg; p < 0.01; n = 5). MDMA (3 mg/kg) did not change blood flow to the mesenteric vascular bed. Prior unilateral cervical sympathectomy reduced the increase in body temperature elicited by MDMA (6 mg/kg) from 2.0 +/- 0.2 to 1.3 +/- 0.2 degrees C (p < 0.01; n = 5). On the denervated side, ear pinna blood flow after MDMA injection was 13 +/- 3 cm/sec, compared with 3 +/- 1 cm/sec on the sympathetically intact side (p < 0.05; n = 5). Thus, sympathetically mediated cutaneous vasoconstriction is one mechanism whereby MDMA causes hyperthermia. Reversal of cutaneous vasoconstriction by appropriate pharmacological means could be of therapeutic benefit in humans suffering from life-threatening hyperthermia induced by MDMA.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Accidental hypothermia: an experimental study of inhalation rewarming.

Inhalation rewarming of hypothermic humans with heated, humidified oxygen was compared to rewarming by immersion in a hot bath. In 10 subjects cooled to approximately 35 degrees C core temperature, there was no significant difference in the amount of temperature "afterdrop" with the two rewarming procedures. Inhalation rewarming provided rapid commencement of increase in tympanic and esophageal temperatures, indicating effective rewarming of critical core regions, especially heart and brain. This method of core rewarming avoids the physiological hazards associated with the peripheral vasodilation which accompanies external rewarming. Moverover the simplicity of application of this method suggests its greater use in both first-aid and hospital treatment of accidental hypothermia.

Accidents↗
PubMed2002

Hypothermia-related deaths--Utah, 2000, and United States, 1979-1-998.

Hypothermia is a medical emergency that is completely preventable. Hypothermia occurs when persons are exposed to ambient cold temperatures without appropriate protection for extended periods of time. The clinical definition of hypothermia is a core body temperature < or = 95 F (35 C). This report describes cases of hypothermia-related deaths in Utah during 2000 and describes unintentional hypothermia-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1998. The Utah cases illustrate risk factors and environmental conditions associated with hypothermia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Changes in metabolic activity of neurons in the anterior hypothalamus nuclei during hyperthermia, fever, and hypothermia].

Differently directed changes in metabolic activity of anterior hypothalamic nuclei's neurons in rats during hyperthermia, fever, and hypothermia were revealed with histochemical methods. During hyperthermia, the activity of energy metabolism enzymes increased as well as RNA content in the neurons of supraoptic, paraventricular and median preoptic anterior hypothalamic nuclei. This is shown by an increase in the metabolic activity of neurons of these nuclei. Metabolic activity in neurons of median preoptic nuclei decreased and was not changed considerably in neurons of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei during endotoxin-induced fever. The development of hypothermia was characterised by a decrease in metabolic activity of neurons of supraoptic, paraventricular and medium preoptic nuclei. It is supposed that differently directed metabolic activity changes in neurons of anterior hypothalamic nuclei during hyperthermia are connected with the mechanisms of body temperature regulation (median preoptic nuclei) and neurosecretory processes (supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei).

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Mixed cryoglobulinemia].

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that persist in serum, precipitate with cold temperature, and resolve when rewarmed. Cryoglobulinemia are part of systemic vasculitis, and they are in the subgroup of immune complex type vasculitis. Mixed cryoglobulinemia are associated with malignant B lymphoproliferative disorders, auto-immune and chronic infectious diseases, particularly hepatitis C virus infection. Mixed cryoglobulinaemia has a variable prognosis, depending mainly on renal involvement, systemic extension, and severity of hypertension. In pilot studies, alpha interferon seemed promising to treat symptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia, because of its immunomodulating and antiviral properties. In severe or resistant forms of mixed cryoglobulinemia, plasmapheresis or immunosuppressive agents may be useful.

Cryoglobulinemia↗
PubMed1975

[Changes of ECG and arterial pressure at different periods of deep hypothermia during heart surgery in young children].

The changes in ECG and arterial pressure were analysed during "simple" deep hypothermia and radical surgery in 52 children with various congenital heart diseases. A comparatively high senitivity of the myocardium to mechanical trauma under body temperatures below 28 degrees C (especially below 25 degrees C) indicates the rationale of conducting all the intrathoracic manipulations, performed prior to the exclusion of the heart from the circulation, under superficial hypothermia. The necessity of fixation of epicardial electrodes is supported by the usefulness of electric stimulation immediately prior to surgery in case the signs of atrioventricular block persist when the body temperature reaches 29 degrees C at rewarming.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2002

[Neurological manifestations in cryoglobulinemia].

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that persist in the serum, precipitate at cold temperature and resolubilize when rewarmed. Type I is often associated with hematological disorders. Type II and III are mixed cryoglobulins, composed of different immunoglobulins with a monoclonal component in type II and only polyclonal immunoglobulins in type III. Mixed cryoglobulins are associated with connective tissues or infectious diseases. Hepatitis C virus is involved in most of previously called "essential" mixed cryoglobulinemia. Dermatological, rhumatological, and nephrological manifestations are the most frequent, and neurological complications are found in 20 percent of cases. However, in mixed cryoglobulinemia with low cryoglobulins level, neurological signs may reveal the disease. Ischemic central nervous system complications are rare, but sensory, axonal, peripheral neuropathies or sensory and motor multiple mononeuropathies are more frequent. Prognostic and treatment depend on association with hepatitis C, and presence of vasculitis lesions in the nerve biopsy.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed2002

Effect of body temperature on electroretinogram of mice.

PURPOSE: To investigate the ERG alterations induced by changes in body temperature in mice. METHODS: Three-week-old BALB/c mice were used. Rectal temperature was measured with a digital thermometer and taken as the body temperature. In experiment 1, the body temperature was kept at 33 degrees C, and the ERGs elicited by a constant stimulus intensity were recorded every 5 minutes. In experiment 2, the body temperature was lowered in five steps from 38 degrees C to 33 degrees C, 28 degrees C, 23 degrees C, and 18 degrees C. At each body temperature, ERGs elicited by different stimulus intensities were recorded. RESULTS: In experiment 1, the mean amplitudes and implicit times of both the a- and b-waves did not change significantly. In experiment 2, the amplitude of both the a- and b-waves decreased significantly with a decrease in body temperature, and the implicit times of the a- and b-waves were prolonged with a decrease in body temperature. CONCLUSIONS: Body temperature greatly affects the amplitude and timing of the ERG. Great care must be taken to maintain as normal a body temperature as possible when using the ERG to evaluate the retina, especially in small animals such as mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with scleroderma.

I report the case of a 68-year-old man who presented with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) with concomitant scleroderma, along with the presence of cryoglobulins and cryofibrinogen in the blood. Autoamputation of the distal fingers and parts of the ears also occurred, over time, with exposure to cold temperatures. This is an interesting constellation of findings in this rare disorder that raises questions concerning its pathogenesis. A review of the literature is included.

Granuloma↗
PubMed1992

[A survey of body temperatures in the elderly and the thermal environment in nursing homes].

In order to understand the relation between body temperatures and activities in the elderly, sublingual temperatures and activities of daily living (ADL) of 92 elderly people living in nursing homes were measured in the winter of 1989 and 1990. Thermal conditions in the three nursing homes were also measured simultaneously. In two nursing homes, where most of the people of low ADL lived, room temperatures were usually kept above 20 degrees C during most of the day, while in the remaining home, where many of the people of high ADL lived, room temperatures in the morning decreased to 8 degrees C. In spite of the better thermal conditions, mean sublingual temperatures, measured in the morning, of the low ADL group were significantly lower than that of middle and the high ADL groups. Moreover, the prevalence of low body temperatures (< 35.5 degrees C) was higher in the low ADL group than in the other two groups. From these results it appears that investigations of the living environment for older people should be widened.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

[A method for recording the deep temperature of the human body under cooling and warming microclimatic conditions].

The simple and safe method for the deep body temperature measurement is worked out. The temperature is measured by means of the heat point-sensor and fully corresponds to the deep body temperature. The maximal temperature of the voided urine was measured. The rectal temperature completely coincides with the measured by the stated method in healthy men exposed to high, low and contrast temperatures of air and water.

Body Temperature↗