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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Upper extremity injuries in the paediatric athlete.

Injuries to the upper extremity in paediatric and adolescent athletes are increasingly being seen with expanded participation and higher competitive levels of youth sports. Injury patterns are unique to the growing musculoskeletal system and specific to the demands of the involved sport. Shoulder injuries include sternoclavicular joint injury, clavicle fracture, acromioclavicular joint injury, osteolysis of the distal clavicle, little league shoulder, proximal humerus fracture, glenohumeral instability and rotator cuff injury. Elbow injuries include supracondylar fracture, lateral condyle fracture, radial head/neck fracture, medial epicondyle avulsion, elbow dislocation and little league elbow. Wrist and hand injuries include distal radius fracture, distal radial physeal injury, triangular fibrocartilage tear, scaphoid fracture, wrist ligamentous injury thumb metacarpalphalangeal ulnar collateral ligament injury, proximal and distal interphalangeal joint injuries and finger fractures. Recognition of injury patterns with early activity modification and the initiation of efficacious treatment can prevent deformity/disability and return the youth athlete to sport.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Use of the AO veterinary mini 'T'-plate for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs.

The use of the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen) veterinary mini 'T'-plate for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs was evaluated in a retrospective study. All of the 14 dogs in the study weighed 3.5 kg or less. The AO mini 'T'-plate was used as the final means of fixation in all cases. It was used as the primary form of stabilisation in ten dogs, and in four dogs it was used at revision surgery. In all cases, of the fractures healed. Return to function was graded 'as excellent' in six cases, 'good' in four and 'fair' in two. Two dogs were lost to long-term follow up. It was concluded that the AO veterinary mini 'T'-plate is a suitable choice of implant for stabilisation of distal radius and ulna fractures in toy breed dogs, especially when the distal fragment is very small.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Hand therapy management of intra-articular fractures with open reduction and pi plate fixation: a therapist's perspective.

Open reduction enhances the opportunity for patients to benefit from early rehabilitation following complex distal radius fractures. In the early phase of rehabilitation, therapists focus on motion, edema management, early identification of complications, and assist patients to understand and deal appropriately with their injury. Frequent and gentle exercise in elevation is key to restoring movement without adverse impacts on pain or edema. After six weeks, the focus of rehabilitation should be on ameliorating any residual physical impairments and moving patients towards normal activity. Strengthening, mobilization splinting, and reintegration into work activities may be required. Both physical impairment (volume, motion, strength, sensibility, dexterity) and self-report (pain and disability) measures may be required at different stages to provide a comprehensive view of recovery.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

[Surgical treatment of distal fractures of the radius (author's transl)].

We report 25 follow-up-examinations of 26 patients with operated fractures of the distal radius. After explanation of the op. indications by means of the preoperative x-ray-result the used operation-procedures and results are shown with regard to exact x-ray-anatomic position and function. Instable osteosynthesis should only be used in cases without violation of the joint or in cases with only 2-3 fragments. Decisive advantages of a single procedure of stable osteosynthesis cannot yet be demonstrated. But the relatively good functional results and the possibility of early mobilisation of T-plate-osteosynthesis justify a wider application, even if exact roentgenological anatomic position could not always be achieved. In conclusion operative procedures should be taken only in irreducible and prognostic disadvantageous fractures of the distal radius because even by operative procedures the late results of severe injuries of the wrist joint can only be slightly improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Spiral fracture of the radius: an unusual case of shoulder dystocia-associated morbidity.

BACKGROUND: The most common neonatal complications associated with shoulder dystocia include transient brachial plexus palsy, clavicular fracture, and humeral fracture. Fracture of the fetal radius has not been previously reported. CASE: We encountered a shoulder dystocia with the fetal head in the right occiput anterior position that necessitated the McRoberts maneuver, suprapubic pressure, the Wood and Rubin maneuvers, and extraction of the posterior fetal arm to effect delivery. The 4610-g infant experienced a spiral fracture of the right (anterior) radius and a fracture of the left (posterior) midhumeral shaft. CONCLUSION: Neonatal radial fracture can result from shoulder dystocia or the maneuvers employed for the alleviation of the shoulder dystocia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Complex Articular Fractures of the Distal Radius: Classification and Management.

Articular fractures of the distal radius require an anatomic reduction, as even minimal step-offs are associated with the development of osteoarthritis. Such fractures are classified on the basis of both the mechanism and the pattern of injury. The comprehensive classification of fractures established by Muller et al defines those occurring from a shearing mechanism and involving part of the articular surface as type B fractures. These are in turn subdivided into group B1 fractures, which involve the radial styloid (chauffeur's fracture); group B2, which involve the dorsal margin of the radius; and group B3, which involve the volar margin of the distal radius (Barton's fracture). Type B fractures are unstable and often require operative intervention. Articular fractures resulting from a compression force on the end of the radius are classified as type C. A group C1 fracture is a two-part fracture without metaphyseal comminution; group C2, a two-part fracture with metaphyseal comminution; group C3, a fracture with more than two pieces, with or without comminution. The operative tactic for compression fractures involves restoration of the four common fragments in sequence. This can often be accomplished by manipulative means alone or with limited exposure of the fracture fragments and stabilization with percutaneous Kirschner wires. Neutralization with an external fixator and use of an autogenous bone graft are often required.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Closed reduction and type-II external fixation of comminuted fractures of the radius and tibia in dogs: 23 cases (1990-1994).

OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for closed reduction of and application of a type-II external fixator to comminuted fractures of the radius and tibia in dogs and to evaluate outcome of the technique in a series of client-owned dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 23 dogs that underwent closed reduction of severely comminuted (> or = 5 fragments); mid-diaphyseal radial (n = 9); and tibial (n = 14) fractures and stabilization with a type-II external fixator. PROCEDURE: Radiographs were made postoperatively and every 4 to 6 weeks until the fixator was removed. The effect of type of fracture (open vs closed), type of pins (threaded vs smooth), and number of fixation pins on surgery time, time between surgery and development of bridging callus, and time between surgery and removal of the fixator was evaluated using one-sided Student's t-tests. RESULTS: 21 fractures healed after a single surgery. Two dogs with radial fractures required a second procedure because of complications. All fractures healed with the original fixation device in place. Mean time between surgery and the development of bridging callus was 11.4 weeks (range, 4 to 22 weeks), and mean time between surgery and fixator removal was 14.7 weeks (range, 4 to 27 weeks). Type of fracture, type of pins, and number of fixation pins did not have a significant effect on surgery time, time to development of bridging callus, or time to fixator removal. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Closed reduction and application of a type-II external fixator was an effective method of treating severely comminuted radial and tibial fractures.

Animals↗