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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Application of a newly developed ARB software-integrated tool for in silico terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis reveals the dominance of a novel pmoA cluster in a forest soil.

TRF-CUT, an ARB-implemented tool, was developed to predict in silico the terminal restriction fragments of aligned small-subunit rRNA gene or functional gene sequences. Application of this new tool to perform directed terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of pmoA products obtained from a forest soil revealed that novel cluster I methanotrophic bacteria were dominant.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

The maintenance, distribution and development of biomedical computer software: an exercise in software engineering.

The growing reliance of biomedical investigations on computer software in almost all facets of their work places considerable emphasis on the need for the integrated management of the software. In order to efficiently develop, distribute, and maintain the software, tools are required which not only automate these tasks but also, wherever possible, 'semi-intelligently', alert their user to irregular situation. We describe an assortment of such tools routinely used in the management of the SAAM/CONSAM biokinetic software and illustrate their application. Furthermore, using these techniques we have presented some comparative performances of numerical integrators and of computer processors.

Computers↗
PubMed2005

Computer-aided disease prediction system: development of application software with SAS component language.

AIMS: The intricacy of predictive models associated with prognosis and risk classification of disease often discourages medical personnel who are interested in this field. The aim of this study was therefore to develop a computer-aided disease prediction model underpinning a step-by-step statistics-guided approach including five components: (1) data management; (2) exploratory analysis; (3) type of predictive model; (4) model verification; (5) interactive mode of disease prediction using SAS 8.02 Windows 2000 as a platform. METHODS: The application of this system was illustrated by using data from the Swedish Two-County Trial on breast cancer screening. The effects of tumour size, node status, and histological grade on breast cancer death using logistic regression model or survival models were predicted. A total of 20 questions were designed to exemplify the usefulness of each component. We also evaluated the system using a controlled randomized trial. Times to finish the above 20 questions were used as endpoint to evaluate the performance of the current system. User satisfaction with the current system such as easy to use, the efficiency of risk prediction, and the reduction of barrier to predictive model was also evaluated. RESULTS: The intervention group not only performed more efficiently than the control group but also satisfied with this application software. CONCLUSIONS: The MD-DP-SOS system characterized by menu-driven style, comprehensiveness, accuracy and adequacy assessment, and interactive mode of disease prediction is helpful for medical personnel who are involved in disease prediction.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Identification of dental implants through the use of Implant Recognition Software (IRS).

AIM: To develop computer software to allow general dental practitioners and others to identify unidentified implants in patients' mouths using a range of criteria. METHODS: Internet searches for implant manufacturing companies worldwide in all languages using terms: dental implants, dental implant manufacturers and dental implant companies. Once identified, all relevant information including images regarding dental implant products was collected even that for discontinued products. A program was then devised using key design factors to enable identification of individual implants. RESULTS: The searches produced details for 87 implant manufacturers based in 21 countries with 231 different implant designs. The resultant program has been successfully trialled and used in both general dental practice and for forensic identification. CONCLUSION: The program developed provides a valuable adjunct to the identification of implant systems present in patients' mouths.

Dental Implants↗
PubMed2005

Introducing DoT-U2--an XML-based knowledge supported checklist software for documentation of a newborn clinical screening examination.

In a project concerning the German newborn screening examination "U2" we developed a software system called DoT-U2 for concurrent documentation at the point of care. Physicians can enter findings in(to) a tree structured protocol with management of logical dependencies. Additionally, all findings except free text annotations can be entered by speech recognition. The software system program is written in Java and uses separate XML-based modules both for knowledge and language representation. It can, therefore, easily be adapted to other languages and further documentation scenarios. We showed the high flexibility of the software system by integrating it in a completely new setting in Salt Lake City without major problems. We found that modular software development with platform independent Java and XML leads to highly flexible software which can be adapted to very different scenarios without knowing their requirements ahead of time.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1991

Modelling acquired dyslexia: a software tool for developing grapheme-phoneme correspondences.

In extending a computer model of acquired dyslexia, it has become necessary to develop a way to group printed characters in a word so that the character groups essentially have a one-to-one correspondence with the word's phonemes (speech sounds). This requires deriving a set of correspondences (legal character groupings, legal associations of character groups with phonemes, etc.) that yield a single grouping or "segmentation" of characters when applied to any English word. To facilitate and partially automate this task, a segmentation program has been developed that uses an interchangeable set of correspondences. The program segments words according to these correspondences and tabulates their success over large sets of words. The program has been used successfully to segment a 20,000 word corpus, demonstrating that this approach can be used effectively and efficiently.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental analytical electron microscopic studies on the quantitative analysis of elemental concentrations in biological thin specimens and its application to dental science].

The aim of this study is to employ an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) in developing a computer software system for the quantitative analysis of elemental concentrations in biological specimens. The methods and the software were applied to the examination of the coronal dentin of human deciduous and permanent teeth. Results 1. Examination methods. Chemical compounds known for their calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were used to determine optimum conditions for analysis. The following were the best analytical conditions: 100 kV accelerating voltage, 2 x 10(-10) A probe current, 10 ekV energy scale, 100 sec. counting time, and 100-150 nm section thickness. Under these conditions, it is possible to obtain statistically sufficient integral spectra values. By calculating with the computer software(t-factor) developed in this study, it was possible to arrive at analytical calcium and phosphorus concentration values that are very close to theoretical values. 2. Application to human dentin. Deciduous intertubular dentin contained 24.9% (w/w) Ca and 12.1% (w/w) P; peritubular dentin in the same teeth contained 30.7% (w/w) Ca and 15.3% (w/w) P. Permanent intertubular dentin contained 25.5% (w/w) Ca and 12.5% (w/w) P; peritubular dentin in the same teeth contained 34.5% (w/w) Ca and 16.9% (w/w) P. These results show that, in both permanent and deciduous teeth, concentrations of Ca and P are higher in peritubular than in intertubular dentin. Concentrations Ca and P in both peritubular and intertubular dentin are lower in deciduous than in permanent teeth. The computer software developed for this study differs from chemical analysis and may prove very useful in microanalysis of mineralized tissues on the basis of their ultrastructures.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1991

Software for the development and evaluation of probabilistic identification matrices.

A number of programs are described for the development and evaluation of probabilistic identification matrices for use with computer-assisted identification. The program BEST reads an initial matrix of per cent probabilities for all the binary characters examined during a cluster analysis and determines the most useful set of tests for distinguishing taxa in the matrix. Program RESORT creates from the initial matrix an identification matrix in which the order of the tests may be different or the number of tests reduced. A printed version of a matrix can be produced by MATPRINT, which creates tables giving the per cent probability of a positive test result and the test results presented as '-', 'v' and '+' depending on a user-specified threshold. Program IDSC evaluates an identification matrix by calculating the best identification score for each taxon in the matrix using the expected result for each test. The programs were written in FORTRAN 77 and can be run on any micro-computer using the PC/MS-DOS operating system.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2006

A software framework for the development of Web-based medical education using learning object classes.

A software framework for the development of Web-based medical education is proposed. The objective is to optimize the development process by introducing Learning Objects (LO) and Learning Object Classes (LO Classes) so that the content preparation can be separated from the educational issues, ergonomic design, and technical realization. Based on the concept of case-based, problem-oriented education, different learning scenarios were analysed and then modelled as different LOs. These LOs can be further abstracted in several reusable LO Classes that represent certain patterns of content structure, pedagogical concept, and user interface. With the help of LO input templates, the educational material can be prepared by the authors in the authoring process easily and appropriately. An LO content management system was developed to store and maintain different LOs and to generate the Web-presentation of LOs adaptively and dynamically in the tutoring process. This software framework has been applied to the exemplary development of an interactive course in orthopaedics. The LOs and LO Classes also help to maintain consistency of the course representation to users. As a result, more efficiency in the development phase and good usability and quality of the end products can be achieved.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1993

Development of a software package for computer simulations: the use of a sorted event list for reduction of calculation times.

A new program for continuous simulation is described. The program is block oriented, simulating the function of an analogue computer. C structures containing pointers to the calculation of their input functions were used for the individual blocks. The actual calculation order was determined from a sorted event list. After calculation events were inserted at the appropriate place in this list again. This procedure allowed for a variable and independent stepsize for the main blocks and for the introduction of discrete events. With typical applications a speed increase of about 500% was attained.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1985

A microcomputer controlled snow ski binding system--I. Instrumentation and field evaluation.

This paper presents the design and field evaluation of the first microcomputer controlled ski binding system. This system incorporates an Intel 8086 microcomputer controller and an integral binding/dynamometer. This instrumentation system not only undertakes real time control, but also it records dynamometer data via a miniature digital cassette tape recorder. The integral binding/dynamometer offers the same operational and mounting convenience of commercially available mechanical bindings. The binding may be released either manually or electrically via the controller. Comprised of four octagonal half strain rings, the strain gage dynamometer measures the three moment load components at the boot. To enable the user to conveniently operate the computer, extensive operating software was developed. The operating software is discussed in relation to both the acquisition and storage of data from the dynamometer and the control of the electro-mechanical snow ski binding. The binding system has been used successfully to both record boot moment components and control ski binding release during actual skiing maneuvers. Moment histories typical of three common recreational skiing maneuvers are presented.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

PRIST-2: a Graphic User Interface based tool for the development of medical software.

A 4th generation tool, called PRIST-2, is presented that has been designed as an interactive environment for the rapid prototyping of clinical applications in a large-scale Hospital Information System project. We adopted an SQL-based commercial Relational Data Base Management Systems (RDBMS) to guarantee portability on different hardware and operating systems. Relational databases, however, are characterized by a simple data structure and do not incorporate the application semantics required to ensure a high degree of data independence. To reach this goal, we propose an extension to the relational model, adding some of the main characteristics of the Object Oriented Data Base Management Systems (OODBMS) approach, such as "types" and "encapsulation".

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed2000

Integration of a hematopoietic progenitor cell program using the ACT/DB database system.

Infusion of hematopoietic progenitor cells following high-dose chemotherapy is frequently used to treat patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors. We have developed a comprehensive software system to monitor these patients once they are entered into an experimental protocol. The captured data encompasses all phases of progenitor cell therapy including progenitor cell mobilization and collection, stem cell processing, as well as cell infusion and engraftment kinetics. Particular attention was paid to the quality assurance and quality control functionality of the software during development of data entry forms and reports. The system was developed using the ACT/DB client-server database, which utilizes Microsoft Access as a front-end and accesses either an Oracle or SQL Server database. ACT/DB has been modified for deployment on the Internet in order to take advantage of Web-based technology. Information technology can help to integrate the diverse data requirements of complex therapeutic trials.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2004

Contour-based object identification and segmentation: stimuli, norms and data, and software tools.

We summarize five studies of our large-scale research program, in which we examined aspects of contour-based object identification and segmentation, and we report on the stimuli we used, the norms and data we collected, and the software tools we developed. The stimuli were outlines derived from the standard set of line drawings of everyday objects by Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980). We used contour curvature as a major variable in all the studies. The total number of 1,500 participants produced very solid, normative identification rates of silhouettes and contours, straight-line versions, and fragmented versions, and quite reliable benchmark data about saliency of points and object segmentation into parts. We also developed several software tools to generate stimuli and to analyze the data in nonstandard ways. Our stimuli, norms and data, and software tools have great potential for further exploration of factors influencing contour-based object identification, and are also useful for researchers in many different disciplines (including computer vision) on a wide variety of research topics (e.g., priming, agnosia, perceptual organization, and picture naming). The full set of norms, data, and stimuli may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive/.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Patient-specific dosimetry for 131I thyroid cancer therapy using 124I PET and 3-dimensional-internal dosimetry (3D-ID) software.

UNLABELLED: Compared with conventional, whole-organ, S-factor-based dosimetry, 3-dimensional (3D), patient-specific dosimetry better accounts for radionuclide distribution and anatomic patient variability. Its accuracy, however, is limited by the quality of the cumulated activity information that is provided as input. This input has typically been obtained from SPECT and planar imaging studies. The objective was to implement and evaluate PET-based, patient-specific, 3D dosimetry for thyroid cancer patients. METHODS: Three to 4 PET imaging studies were obtained over a 7-d period in 15 patients with metastatic thyroid carcinoma after administration of (124)I-NaI. Subsequently, patients were treated with (131)I on the basis of established clinical parameters. Retrospective dosimetry was performed using registered (124)I PET images that were corrected for the half-life difference between (124)I and (131)I. A voxel-by-voxel integration, over time, of the resulting (131)I-equivalent PET-derived images was performed to provide a single 3D dataset representing the spatial distribution of cumulated activity values for each patient. Image manipulation and registration were performed using Multiple Image Analysis Utility (MIAU), a software package developed previously. The software package, 3D-Internal Dosimetry (3D-ID), was used to obtain absorbed dose maps from the cumulated activity image sets. RESULTS: Spatial distributions of absorbed dose, isodose contours, dose-volume histograms (DVHs), and mean absorbed dose estimates were obtained for a total of 56 tumors. Mean absorbed dose values for individual tumors ranged from 1.2 to 540 Gy. The absorbed dose distribution within individual tumors was widely distributed ranging from a minimum of 0.3 to a maximum of 4,000 Gy. CONCLUSION: (124)I PET-based, patient-specific 3D dosimetry is feasible, and sequential PET can be used to obtain cumulated activity images for 3D dosimetry.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗