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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Caffeine test assessment for measuring liver function in critically ill patients.

Caffeine elimination was studied in 73 patients admitted to an intensive care unit, 33 of whom had liver disease. Mean plasma clearance of caffeine in patients with no liver disease (1.30 +/- 0.79 ml/kg/min) was significantly higher than in patients with liver disease (0.39 +/- 0.23 ml/kg/min). Mean half-life of caffeine in patients with liver disease (23.96 +/- 12.19 h) was significantly higher than in patients with no liver disease (7.25 +/- 3.04 h). No significant differences in distribution volumes were found. Receptor-operator curves (ROC) for plasma clearance and the half-life of elimination of caffeine showed a high diagnostic value. Therefore, the parameters for caffeine biotransformation, i.e. Cl and t1/2, are useful for assessing liver function in the population studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Liver-enriched transcription factors in liver function and development. Part II: the C/EBPs and D site-binding protein in cell cycle control, carcinogenesis, circadian gene regulation, liver regeneration, apoptosis, and liver-specific gene regulation.

In the first part of our review (see Pharmacol Rev 2002;54:129-158), we discussed the basic principles of gene transcription and the complex interactions within the network of hepatocyte nuclear factors, coactivators, ligands, and corepressors in targeted liver-specific gene expression. Now we summarize the role of basic region/leucine zipper protein family members and particularly the albumin D site-binding protein (DBP) and the CAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) for their importance in liver-specific gene expression and their role in liver function and development. Specifically, regulatory networks and molecular interactions were examined in detail, and the experimental findings summarized in this review point to pivotal roles of DBP and C/EBPs in cell cycle control, carcinogenesis, circadian gene regulation, liver regeneration, apoptosis, and liver-specific gene regulation. These regulatory proteins are therefore of great importance in liver physiology, liver disease, and liver development. Furthermore, interpretation of the vast data generated by novel genomic platform technologies requires a thorough understanding of regulatory networks and particularly the hierarchies that govern transcription and translation of proteins as well as intracellular protein modifications. Thus, this review aims to stimulate discussions on directions of future research and particularly the identification of molecular targets for pharmacological intervention of liver disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intrinsic hepatic clearance and Child-Turcotte classification for assessment of liver function in cirrhosis.

Child-Turcotte classification (CTC) is an empirical but widely accepted approach for assessment of severity of cirrhosis. However, it is not known to what extent CTC reflects accurately the degree of impairment of hepatic function. In this study we compared CTC, standard liver tests and intrinsic hepatic clearance (IHC) of indocyanine green as means of assessing hepatic function in 63 cirrhotic patients. As compared to 10 control patients, IHC was significantly decreased in the cirrhotic group: (mean +/- SD) 0.270 +/- 0.141 l/min vs 1.227 +/- 0.312 l/min (P less than 0.001). Serum bilirubin (SB), prothrombin time (PT) and serum albumin were significantly correlated with the degree of IHC impairment while alkaline phosphatase, ALAT and clinical criteria of CTC were not. Multivariate analysis showed that SB and PT were the only 2 variables that significantly explained the impairment of IHC. The model which best explained IHC impairment was Z = 21.77 + 4.78 PT - 1.25 SB. The rate of IHC variance explained by this model, as determined by multiple correlation coefficient square (R2), was 42.6%. These results suggest that CTC provides only gross information about the degree of impairment of liver function in cirrhosis. To evaluate the role of liver function in the prognosis or in the response to treatments, it should therefore be preferable to employ direct measurement of liver function using a clearance technique.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in serological biomarkers of liver function and connective tissue turnover in chronic hepatitis B during lamivudine therapy.

Assessment of hepatic damage associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) currently relies on measurement of serum transaminases and assessment of hepatic histology. It was determined serum hepatic function tests and the liver fibrosis biomarkers type IV collagen (CIV), amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were of value in monitoring the effect of lamivudine therapy for CHB. Thirty-nine patients received orally 100 mg lamivudine daily for 48 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, the patients were then divided into four groups according to the pattern of HBs and HBe antigens. At baseline, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, PIIINP and the PINP/ICTP ratio and at 24 weeks alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and the PINP/ICTP ratio had lower values in the complete response compared with complete failure groups. Using receiver-operated curve analysis, only the PINP/ICTP ratio at baseline (area under the curve 0.806) and ALT and the PINP/ICTP ratio at 24 weeks (areas under the curve 0.803 and 0.776, respectively) had significant diagnostic ability in detecting responders. In conclusion, the PINP/ITCP ratio is sensitive and specific in detecting responders to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Biochemical indices of liver function in workers from repair brigades in chemical plants "Organika-Azot" in Jaworz].

In order to assess the functional state of the liver in 45 repair service workers of a chemical plant producing pesticides the serum concentration and electrophoretic pattern of proteins, the concentration of bilirubin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl- transpeptidase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, and lactic and malic dehydrogenase were determined. As compared to 35 healthy controls, not exposed to noxious chemicals, a significantly lower serum protein concentration with higher percentage of gamma-globulins and lower albumins and alpha 2-globulins were observed, the serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly elevated. Ultrasound examination of the hepatic structure revealed liver steatosis in 11 (24.4%) workers. The results of our study point to a discrete lesion of the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[15N] ammonium test for liver function diagnosis.

The functional state of the liver can be assessed by oral administration of 15N labelled ammonium chloride (tracer) and subsequent isotope analysis of [15N]urea and [15N]ammonia in urine. Clinical tests based on the ratio of the excess abundances of [15N]ammonia to [15N]urea excreted in urine 3 hours after oral administration of the tracer gave values for patients with liver diseases which differed significantly from these of healthy subjects.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1981

[Enzymatic and radioisotopic methods of studying the liver functional state in rabbits].

Ten rabbits were used to carry out comparative investigations into the functional state of the liver, employing enzyme tests and radioisotope hepatography. It was found that the enzyme tests were more sensitive as compared to the radioisotope hepatography method in detecting the earliest and more slightly expressed parenchymal lesions of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An assessment of liver function in victims as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

A total of 254 Kievites of both sexes 19 to 35 years old were examined over 1987-1990. Revealed in the above population were alterations of the functional state of the liver characterizing the amino acid, lipid, and nucleotide metabolisms and suggesting impaired permeability of hepatocytic membranes, inadequate energy security of hepatic cells, and indicating the intrahepatic circulation state and bodily immune reactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A comparative assessment of liver function in workers in the petroleum industry.

OBJECTIVES: The group studied included 666 workers from the benzene (n = 30), xylenes (n = 144), ethylene oxide (n = 91), 1,3-butadiene (n = 110) and transport and mechanisation (n = 82) departments of a petrochemical plant in Bulgaria. The leading hazards for the particular departments are as follows: Benzene: benzene (up to ten times the threshold limit value; TLV): xylenes: benzene (up to nine times TLV) and xylenes (up to 1.6 times TLV); ethylene oxide: ethylene oxide (up to 20 times TLV) and ethylene (up to 30 times TLV); divinyl: 1,3-butadiene (five times TLV) and acetonitrile (six times TLV); transport and mechanisation: benzene, xylenes and pentane (0.7-10 times TLV). METHODS: The functional status of the liver was assessed by clinical (medical check-up), echographic and biochemical (ASAT, ALAT, APh, gamma-GT, lipid fractions, reduced glutathione and SH groups) investigations. Biochemical analyses were performed with POINTE 190 (USA). The results obtained were compared with those of a control group (n = 150), consisting of subjects with no occupational exposure to chemical hazards. RESULTS: Comparisons showed that the metabolic disturbances determined were most significant in workers from the ethylene oxide department. Significant decreases in the serum levels of reduced glutathione (up to 48%) and of thiol groups (with 23%), increased enyzme activity (up to 18%) and lipid fractions (up to 24%) were observed. In the benzene and xylenes departments, deviations in the indices studied were equally manifest. In workers exposed to 1,3-butadiene, the changes in lipid indices were prevalent (registered in 25% of the studied persons). The staff in transport and mechanisation showed deviations in enzyme indices at a slight increase of the lipid fractions. The changes determined in serum biochemical characteristics corresponded to the clinical findings--hepatomegaly, confirmed echographically in 10%-20% in the different departments. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained followed the exposure-response relationship. The deviations registered in workers with a length of service of more than 10 years were the most significant. The occupational genesis of the determined disturbances was confirmed in 11 subjects.

Adult↗