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Phase separation, ion permeability, and the isolation of membranes from osmotically stable mycoplasmas.

The osmotic stability of M. gallisepticum was found to be a consequence of the synthesis of disaturated phosphatidylcholine incorporated into the cell membrane. The disaturated lipid induces the formation of segregated lipid domains, thus providing the sites for increased permeation of ions. Such permeation reduces the internal pressure so as to minimize cell swelling and subsequent lysis in a hypotonic medium. Purified membranes of M. gallisepticum can be prepared from cells suspended in an iso-osmotic NaCl solution containing either dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), which blocks ATPase activity, or a mild alkaline buffer. Both conditions seem to interfere with cell volume regulation. These procedures can be used also to isolate membranes of other osmotically stable mycoplasmas.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1983

[Opiate receptor(s) of the frog brain: soluble-phase separation of the macromolecular complexes of an agonist and an antagonist].

Frog brain membranes, pre-labelled with the opiate agonist 3H-etorphine or with the opiate antagonist 3H-diprenorphine, are solubilized with digitonin. The soluble digitonin extract is centrifuged in linear sucrose gradients. Under these conditions, we separate an agonist macromolecular complex and an antagonist macromolecular complex, the former sedimenting faster than does the latter. This difference in apparent molecular size might reflect an agonist-induced coupling between opiate receptor and other membrane components.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Radioimmunoassay for salivary estriol, with use of an 125I radioligand and a solid-phase separation technique.

This simple, rapid radioimmunoassay for salivary unconjugated estriol in the third trimester of pregnancy is based on use of a Sepharose-coupled antiserum and a radioiodinated tracer, and requires only a 15-min incubation. Estriol conjugates are shown not to be present in saliva in significant concentrations; therefore a preliminary extraction is unnecessary. Determinations of unconjugated estriol in matched specimens of plasma and saliva correlate well (r = 0.95). A provisional normal range for 30 weeks to term agrees closely with those reported by others. This assay can give results quickly for the large numbers of specimens generated by weekly or daily sampling regimes.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1976

Gas phase separation during decompression in man: ultrasound monitoring.

During two dive series, one to 132 fsw and one to 210 fsw, Doppler ultrasonic bubble detectors were used to monitor venous gas bubbles in divers during decompression and for 30 min thereafter. Various decompression schedules were used. Bubble scores were evaluated by independent listerners to tape recordings in a blind manner. A significant increase in bubble scores throughout the stages of decompression and postdecompression was demonstrated as well as a statistically significant relationship between bubble score and decompression sickness. A reduction in mean bubble score was found in divers who made an additional deep decompression stop that was unrelated to the extension of the decompression time. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗