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PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of flavonoid antioxidants in the complex treatment of patients with peripheral vitreo-chorioretinal dystrophies and dystrophic retinal detachment].

Parameters of lipid peroxidation (LP) and antioxidant activity (AOA) of tear and blood plasma were examined in 22 healthy subjects (44 eyes) as well as in 33 patients with peripheral vitreochoreoretinal dystrophies (PVCRD--60 eyes), in 32 patients with non-operated dystrophic retinal detachment (DRD--34 eyes) and in 135 patients with operated retinal detachment, stable visual functions and with the postoperative period ranging from 4 months to 10 years (137 eyes). The results denoted a lower tear AOA (on the average by 35%) in patients with DRD and PVCRD, whereas, the blood plasma AOA or LP products' content remained unchanged. It is indicative of a local nature of metabolic impairments, specifically, of impairments in the system of antioxidant protection of the eye. Flavonoid antioxidants (dikvertin and ginkgo biloba) reduced the content of LP products, and induced the AOA in tear and blood plasma in patients with PVCRD and retinal detachment; they also improved the visual functions in patients with operated retinal detachment. Therefore, the flavonoid antioxidants can be recommended for adding to the complex treatment of PVCRD and DRD for the purpose of improving and stabilizing the visual functions and for neuroprotection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Retinal detachment following endophthalmitis.

Fifty-five consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of bacterial endophthalmitis were reviewed. All patients were treated with systemic, periocular, topical, and intravitreal antibiotics. In addition, 33 of the patients underwent a pars plana vitrectomy. Nine retinal detachments occurred within six months of initial diagnosis. The higher frequency of retinal detachment in the vitrectomy group (21%) as compared to those patients managed without vitrectomy (9%) may be explained by a combination of surgical complications and the increased severity of endophthalmitis in the vitrectomy group. The two patients who developed retinal detachment during vitrectomy surgery rapidly progressed to no light perception. Conversely, the repair of retinal detachments diagnosed postoperatively had a good prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Surgical debridement of scleral abscesses with concomitant resolution of the complicating exudative retinal detachment.

The author reports a case of severe infectious scleritis complicated by scleral abscesses and exudative retinal detachment. A 68-year-old woman with a history of pterygium excision in the left eye 13 years previously presented with pseudomonal scleritis. Despite aggressive therapy for the scleritis, the patient had complications of multifocal scleral abscesses and exudative retinal detachment. Following surgical debridement of scleral abscesses on three separate occasions and vigorous irrigation of the exposed scleral bed with antibiotics, the pathogen was eventually eradicated with subretinal fluid absorbed and the retina reattached. The patient's visual acuity reached 20/40 and she remained symptom free for 1 year after cessation of all treatments. Exudative retinal detachment, although rare, may occur in patients with severe anterior infectious scleritis. Early surgical debridement should be considered as a therapeutic option in treating deep, occult foci of scleral abscesses when antibiotic treatment alone is ineffective.

Abscess↗
PubMed2002

Late-onset laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap dehiscence during retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To report a case of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap dehiscence during retinal detachment surgery 7 months after uneventful refractive surgery. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 47-year-old man noticed a defect of the upper visual field in his right eye 7 months after a LASIK procedure. The fundus showed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and a scleral buckling procedure was performed. During the buckling procedure, the corneal flap became detached. RESULTS: At completion of the buckling procedure, the detached corneal flap was carefully raised and the exposed corneal stroma was cleansed of any residual epithelial cells or red blood cells with irrigation using balanced salt solution. One day after the operation, the LASIK flap was repositioned, the cornea had cleared, and the retina was reattached. CONCLUSIONS: As LASIK increases in popularity, the complication we have reported may become more common. We suggest that a retinal detachment surgery should be performed with careful avoidance of corneal trauma even if a long time has passed since the LASIK procedure.

Corneal Stroma↗
PubMed1995

Schisis-like rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal colobomas.

BACKGROUND: The breaks that cause retinal detachments in colobomatous eyes are often hidden within the lesion and difficult to find. METHOD: To elucidate the pathoanatomy and possible pathomechanism of such detachments, histological sections of eight choroidal colobomas were reviewed. RESULTS: Sections of the margin showed central continuation of the inner neuroblastic layer (the intercalary membrane) and eversion and separation of the outer neuroblastic layer. The opposite direction of continuity of the neuroblastic layers created a schisis-like configuration between the intercalary membrane and the everted outer retina. The zone of duplication was a point of retinal adhesion, but also a locus minoris resistentiae due to vitreous attachments and variable glial support at the margin. CONCLUSION: The subset of coloboma-associated retinal detachments requires both a central break in the inner layer and a break in the outer layer at the margin of the coloboma. The inner layer break may be precipitated by retinovascular ischemia or scleral stretching; that in the outer layer may be caused by vitreous traction on the margin of the coloboma or extension of the formerly isolated detachment through the outer marginal zone of decreased glial support.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of retinal detachments due to macular holes.

Seven cases of retinal detachment due to macular holes in myopic eyes with posterior vitreous detachment were treated by exchanging liquid vitreous with an intravitreal gas bubble (40% SF6 + 60% air in one case, SF6 alone in six cases). All patients were positioned face down until the bubble absorbed. No cryotherapy, diathermy, or photocoagulation was used to create a chorioretinal adhesion. the retina reattached in six cases, with follow-up periods ranging from 6 to 24 months. One case failed because the patient was unable to maintain a prone position.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic ultrasound in the treatment of retinal detachment: clinical observations and light and electron microscopy.

Osmotically-induced retinal detachments were created in rabbit eyes and treated with therapeutic ultrasound. Control eyes showed spontaneous retinal reattachment after ten days (range, 8-10 days), while eyes treated with therapeutic ultrasound showed retinal reattachment in a shorter time (average, 4.5 days). Light and electron microscopy demonstrates at least three major differences in the ultrasound-treated eyes compared to the controls. These findings are evidence of an earlier retinal reattachment, a stronger chorioretinal adhesion, less damage and faster repair in the ultrasound-treated retina than in the control retina. This method of producing chorioretinal adhesions may have applications in certain types of retinal detachments where choroidal thickness or vitreous opacity preclude conventional cryopexy, diathermy or photocoagulation techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The use of perfluorodecalin in retinal detachments with retinoschisis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of perfluorodecalin on the repair of retinal detachments with retinoschisis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-two eyes of 20 patients with degenerative and X-linked retinoschisis underwent pars plana vitrectomy, perfluorodecalin injection, internal fluid drainage, and fluid-air exchange. RESULTS: The retina was reattached intraoperatively in 21 (95.4%) of the 22 eyes. In 4 eyes, retinal detachment recurred within 2 months postoperatively. All of the recurrent cases underwent reoperation with perfluoropropane gas and the retina was reattached at the end of 2 operations. As a result, visual acuity increased in 18 (81.8%) of the 22 eyes. CONCLUSION: Perfluorodecalin makes flattening of the retina and evacuation of subretinal fluid easier in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with degenerative and X-linked retinoschisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Radical vitrectomy and silicone-oil injection in the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy following retinal detachment.

Eighteen consecutive patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy following retinal detachment were treated with radical pars-plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. At least 6 months follow-up demonstrated fully attached retinas in 12 patients, partly attached retinas in 3 patients and primary failure in 3 patients. The visual fields revealed serious defects in 50% of those patients with attached retinas. The expected complications such as cataract (100%), glaucoma, corneal decompensation and subretinal oil were seen as well, but the complication rate is expected to diminish with newer surgical techniques.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Foveal retinoschisis and retinal detachment in severely myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the tomographic features of the retina in patients with severe myopia and posterior staphyloma. METHODS: In a prospective study of 32 eyes of 19 consecutive patients with severe myopia and posterior staphyloma, we performed complete ophthalmic examinations and studied cross-sectional images of the macula with optical coherence tomography. Patients' age ranged from 41 to 83 years (average, 62.7 years). Best-corrected visual acuity ranged from 20/500 to 20/40 (average, 20/120). The study included 26 phakic and six pseudophakic eyes. The refractive errors of 26 phakic eyes ranged from -8 to -31 diopters (average, -16.7 diopters). Although refractive errors were within -8 diopters in six pseudophakic eyes, the eyes had apparent posterior staphyloma. The axial lengths measured by A-mode ultrasonography ranged from 25.7 to 32.7 mm (average, 29.2 mm). Slit-lamp examination with contact lens showed that none of the eyes had a macular hole. RESULTS: In nine eyes with shallow retinal elevation on slit-lamp examination, optical coherence tomography disclosed a foveal retinal detachment with retinoschisis in eight eyes and a foveal retinal detachment in one eye. Two of the remaining 23 eyes had retinoschisis. CONCLUSIONS: Foveal retinal detachment and retinoschisis are common features in severely myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma. Retinal detachment may precede the formation of a macular hole in severely myopic eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Daunomycin in vitrectomy of complicated diabetic retinal detachment].

Fourteen eyes with combined traction and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments from proliferative diabetic retinopathy were treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and daunomycin applied to the vitreous cavity using the technique described by Wiedemann et al. for the treatment of proliferative retinopathy. The operations were completed by filling the vitreous with silicone. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of daunomycin and the reproliferation rate. After a follow-up period of at least 3 months, the post-operative results were compared with a control group of similar eyes treated with PPV and silicone tamponade alone. No evidence was found to the effect that daunomycin affects the rate of reproliferation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biostatistical analysis of pseudophakic and aphakic retinal detachments.

Removal of the crystalline lens increases the risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) by creating changes in the ocular environment that predispose to development of retinal breaks. The evolution of cataract surgery from intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) to extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification has reduced the incidence of RD, while advances in vitreoretinal surgery have resulted in improved outcomes when retinal detachment does occur. The incidence of RD varies between 0.4-3.6% for ICCE and between 0.55-1.65% for ECCE. In eyes having undergone phacoemulsification the incidence is similar to those of ECCE and ranges between 0.75-1.65%. In this article the authors review the incidence and risk factors associated with pseudophakic and aphakic RD. The risk factors discussed include pre-operative risk factors such as age, status of the fellow eye and myopia, and surgical risk factors such as vitreous loss, posterior capsular integrity and Nd : YAG capsulotomy.

Aphakia, Postcataract↗