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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Epizootiologic investigations of a diarrheic syndrome in fattening pigs.

A diarrheic syndrome linked to Clostridium perfringens was observed in fattening pigs. A good correlation was observed between the onset and the severity of diarrhea and the fecal passage of C perfringens enterotoxin. Intestinal fluids from affected pigs had activity comparable with that detected in a purified C perfringens enterotoxin. Seven pigs excreting enterotoxin were shown to develop serum antibodies to C perfringens enterotoxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A review of pigbel (necrotising enteritis) in Papua New Guinea, 1961-1984.

Pigbel has been recognised as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the Papua New Guinea Highlands for over 20 years. The clinical features, epidemiology and pathogenesis of this disease have been elucidated, leading to the development of an effective vaccine (Clostridium perfringens type C beta toxoid) for the prevention of pigbel.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Differentiation of the main species of Clostridium by gas chromatography].

For the first time in the USSR the properties of microorganisms of the genus Clostridium have been studied with the use of the gas-chromatographic techniques. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of extracellular alcohols and carboxylic acids in 99 museum and newly isolated strains of 18 Clostridium species has made it possible to classify these microorganisms with 7 sharply differing groups. The above techniques permit the classification of clostridia with one of the groups within 2 hours if the microbial cultures have been grown in glucose-containing peptone yeast medium.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1986

Colostral transfer of Clostridium perfringens type C beta antitoxin in swine.

Nine bred gilts were vaccinated with 2 doses of a Clostridium perfringens type C toxoid at a 5-week interval. Time of vaccination during gestation differed among the gilts. Clostridium perfringens beta antitoxin in colostral samples and in serum samples was titrated in mice. Blood was collected from 2 to 5 neonatal pigs from each dam (total = 32 pigs) when the pigs were 36 to 48 hours old. Antitoxin titers in colostrum were 123 to 4.5 IU/ml, indicating considerable variation in individual responses of the gilts to toxoid. Serum titers of neonatal pigs reflected colostrum titers of their dams. This colostrum-to-serum titer correlation was essentially a straight-line fit by least-squares linear regression analysis, establishing a direct proportional relationship between colostrum titers and serum titers of neonatal pigs. In the dams, a correlation was not found between colostral titers and serum titers of blood samples collected 2 weeks after collection of colostrum.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hemorrhagic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens type C in a foal.

A 4-day-old foal died with bloody diarrhea. Using a mouse neutralization test, Clostridium perfringens type C was isolated from intestinal contents, and alpha and beta toxins were identified. About 4 m of the jejunum had severe necrohemorrhagic enteritis. Microscopically, large, rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria were seen on necrotic intestinal villi by use of Brown and Hopp's stains.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimental production of hemorrhagic enterotoxemia by Clostridium perfringens type C in maturing lambs.

Maturing lambs, eight to nine months old, were dosed by the intraduodenal route with various preparations of Clostridium perfringens type C. Whole cultures of this organism or cells suspended in fresh medium, both supplemented with soybean flour as a protease inhibitor, produced acute fatal hemorrhagic enterotoxemia in these animals. The latter preparation was more effective than the former in causing disease. Without the soybean supplement the inocula did not produce fatal disease. Dosing with toxic cell-free culture supernatant fluid, with or without soybean supplement, had no lethal effect. Animals that died showed severe hemorrhagic enteritis with necrosis and sloughing of the mucosal epithelium, involving jejunum, ileum and part of duodenum. These lesions were similar to those seen in natural cases of hemorrhagic enterotoxemia in neonatal animals. This experiment demonstrated that nonimmune animals are normally protected against C. perfringens type C enterotoxemia by adequate levels of pancreatic proteases in the intestine, and that factors which inhibit or reduce these enzymes predispose animals for the development of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clostridium perfringens type C enterotoxemia in a newborn foal.

A 1-day old, full-term foal with a history of colic died 2 hours after admission. Necropsy revealed an extremely flaccid, fluid-filled intestinal tract. Histopathologically, the superficial intestinal mucosa was completely necrotic, with minimal inflammatory response. Numerous large, gram-positive rods covered the villi. Clostridium perfringens was isolated on bacteriologic culturing of the intestinal tract contents and was identified as type C by toxin neutralization tests.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Necrotic enteritis in cage-reared commercial layer pullets.

Necropsy of five 12-week-old pullets from a flock of 99,300 suffering from an increased mortality rate revealed enlarged, gas-filled intestines, the mucosal surfaces of which had the "dirty turkish towel" appearance typical of necrotic enteritis. Although the pullets had been raised entirely in cages, intestinal scrapings revealed the presence of Eimeria maxima. Histopathological findings were compatible with necrotic enteritis. Clostridium perfringens was isolated by anaerobic culture from the intestines. Mortality returned to normal after bacitracin and amprolium were added to the feed.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1987

Detection of Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin by ELISA.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed as an alternative to neutralisation tests in mice to detect Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin in the intestinal contents of animals which have died from suspected enterotoxaemia. The test was sensitive and quantitative and gave excellent agreement with the mouse protection test.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Toxigenic characteristics of Clostridium perfringens type C in enterotoxemia of domestic animals.

Eleven Clostridium perfringens type C strains isolated from fatal cases of hemorrhagic enterotoxemia of Canadian calves, a piglet, and a foal were studied for the production of soluble antigens. All the isolates from calves and a foal failed to produce delta toxin, but were capable of producing large amounts of lethal beta toxin. A strain isolated from a piglet produced delta, but very little beta toxin. Other differences were relatively minor. The results indicated that young domestic animals may be susceptible to all subtypes of C. perfringens type C. A simple method of using blood agar plates coated with type A antiserum for demonstration of hemolytic patterns was found advantageous in differentiation of C. perfringens strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from neonatal calves with ruminal and abomasal tympany, abomasitis, and abomasal ulceration.

Eight neonatal calves (2 to 21 days old) with suspected abomasal displacement or intestinal obstruction after acute onset of abdominal tympany, colic, depression, or death were referred to Kansas State University for clinical examination or for necropsy. Results of routine hematologic and serum chemical analyses did not reveal consistent changes. Necropsy revealed abomasal distention, with various degrees of abomasitis, hemorrhage, and ulceration, but did not reveal evidence of displaced abomasum or obstructed intestine. Specimens of ruminal contents collected via stomach tube or at necropsy and abomasal contents collected at necropsy were obtained for anaerobic bacteriologic culture. Clostridium perfringens was isolated from all specimens, and on the basis of toxin neutralization tests in mice, 7 were type A and one was type E. Copper concentrations in serum and tissues were within normal limits. It appeared that the acute abdominal syndrome in these neonatal calves was unrelated to copper deficiency, and that C perfringens, particularly type A, may have had an appreciable contributory role in its pathogenesis.

Abomasum↗