SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Telemetry”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Evaluation of blood pressure measured by tail-cuff methods (without heating) in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Conventional noninvasive blood pressure in conscious rats or mice are typically measured using the tail-cuff method after heating the animal. The goal of this study was to assess the validity of a novel tail-cuff method without animal heating when compared with the conventional heating tail-cuff method (unanesthetized rats with heating), telemetry method (unanesthetized restrained rats without heating), or carotid arterial catheter method (anesthetized rats, carotid arterial cannulation). The blood pressure and heart rate of spontaneously hypertensive rats were measured at 13:00-17:00 h for all experiments. Experiments demonstrated similar systolic blood pressure measurements when comparing the unheated-animal tail-cuff method and the telemetry method. Further, values obtained by both methods were lower than those obtained by the heated-animal tail-cuff method. Systolic blood pressure measurements obtained through carotid arterial cannulation were lower than those obtained by any other method. The heart rate was highest using the unheated-animal tail-cuff method when compared with the other methods. These data suggest that the novel unheated-animal tail-cuff method is a sensitive and accurate approach for the noninvasive measurement of blood pressure in conscious rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Predicting death after CPR. Experience at a nonteaching community hospital with a full-time critical care staff.

OBJECTIVE: To identify a series of variables which predict death after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: A nonteaching community hospital with 24-hr on-site critical care specialists. PATIENTS: Consecutive adults undergoing CPR between August 1989 and July 1991. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Two hundred forty-two patients suffered a total of 289 cardiopulmonary arrests. Forty patients (16.5%) survived to discharge. Thirty-nine (16%) patients had more than one cardiopulmonary arrest. Survival of second CPR was 18%. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scores within 24 h of admission and CPR (APACHE[a] and APACHE[b]) were measured. APACHE(a) and (b) scores more than 20 had a 96% predictive value positive and were associated with a five-fold decrease in survival. Besides APACHE, cardiopulmonary arrests on medical floors and after day 4 of hospitalization, duration of CPR more than 15 min, and asystole assumed significance at multivariate levels for predicting death. Ventilatory assistance and Glasgow coma score of less than 9 at 24 h after CPR predicted death for initial survivors at multivariate levels. Survival on telemetry units were similar to the ICU (17 vs 21%) but twice that of the medical floors. CONCLUSIONS: The CPR outcome can be predicted early during hospital course, which may assist physicians to formulate a do-not-resuscitate order. Patients surviving a CPR should be considered candidates for another resuscitation if clinically warranted. Low-risk patients can safely be admitted to telemetry units instead of to more costly ICUs.

APACHE↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effective resource management using a clinical and laboratory algorithm for chest pain triage.

BACKGROUND: Bridgeport Hospital recently compared the use of a clinical algorithm with unaided physicians for the triage of 200 emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain for coronary care unit (CCU) admission. HYPOTHESIS: Cardiac troponin-T may be an effective adjunct to an established clinical algorithm for accurate selection of patients who are admitted to the CCU for suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is elevated 6 hours earlier than lactate dehydrogenase fraction 1 (LD1) and may be the most effective test for confirming non Q-wave AMI (usually with ST-T changes and LD1/lactase dehydrogenase > 35%). It is elevated in class 3 angina with a high risk of fatal arrhythmia. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical and electrocardiogram criteria for triage are as defined by Goldman et al. (see references 6 and 11). The exclusion of non-AMI within 4 hours of ED visit using troponin-T (or an alternative test) should allow more rapid treatment of non-AMI patients at a lower intensity of hospital service (e.g., telemetry versus ICU). This should translate into shorter length of stay for non-AMI patients and facilitate thrombolytic therapy with significant resultant medical and cost benefits. LABORATORY DATA: Creatine kinase and its MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) are measured at the time of clinical triage and 4, 8, and 12 hours later. LD1 and total lactase dehydrogenase are measured 12 hours after initial sampling. Cardiac troponin-T is measured at the time of ED arrival and 4 hours later. ANALYSIS OF BENEFIT: The first thing to consider is reducing the cost from stress thalliums for low risk evaluation. The second is the evaluation of active ischemia--unstable angina and diagnosis of missed AMI. The Goldman algorithm eliminates unnecessary admissions to the CCU for chest pain, including unstable angina. There is a difference between AMI and triage for CCU admission (200 patients). CK-MBs allowed for the elimination of 37 non-AMIs. However, we missed eight cases of AMI that would have been LD1 positive (troponin positive) and gained 10 cases of unstable angina that should have been assigned to CCU or a monitored bed. Troponin found six more cases of unstable angina that were CK-MB negative but should have been class 3 unstable angina that could be assigned to at least a telemetry bed. This makes 14 cases of AMI or unstable angina unaccounted for by CK-MB (5.6%). All of the cases were at risk of ventricular arrhythmia within 36 hours. The only question was whether to assign them to CCU or to monitored beds. The third point in the analysis is to examine the savings in operating costs by substitution. The cost model, in selecting a strategy, takes test costs, clinical outcomes, and the cost of clinical algorithms into consideration.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2001

Inhalation toxicology of urban ambient particulate matter: acute cardiovascular effects in rats.

Wistar rats were exposed for 4 hours by nose-only inhalation to clean air, resuspended Ottawa ambient particles (EHC-93*, 48 mg/m3), the water-leached particles (EHC-93L, 49 mg/m3), diesel soot (5 mg/m3), or carbon black (5 mg/m3). Continuous data for physiologic endpoints (heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, animal's activity) were captured by telemetry before and after exposure. Blood was sampled from jugular cannulas 1 to 3 days before exposure and at 2 and 24 hours after exposure, and by heart puncture on termination at 32 hours (histology group) or 48 hours (telemetry group) after exposure. Lung injury was assessed by 3H-thymidine autoradiography after the rats were killed. We measured endothelins (plasma ET-1, big ET-1, ET-2, ET-3) to assess the vasopressor components; nitric oxide (NO)-related metabolites (blood nitrate, nitrite, nitrosyl compounds, and plasma 3-nitrotyrosine) to assess the vasodilator components; and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, L-DOPA, dopamine) and oxidative stressors (m- and o-tyrosine) for additional insight into possible stress components. Lung cell labeling was uniformly low in all treatment groups, which indicates an absence of acute lung injury. Inhalation of EHC-93 caused statistically significant elevations (P < 0.05) of blood pressure on day 2 after exposure, plasma ET-1 at 32 hours after exposure, and ET-3 at 2, 32, and 48 hours after exposure. In contrast, the modified EHC-93L particles, from which soluble components had been extracted, did not affect blood pressure. The EHC-93L particles caused early elevation (P < 0.05) of the plasma levels of ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3 at 2 hours after exposure, but the endothelins returned to basal levels 32 hours after exposure. Exposure to diesel soot, but not carbon black, caused an elevation (P < 0.05) of plasma ET-3 at 36 hours after exposure; blood pressure was not affected by diesel soot. Our results indicate that inhalation of the urban particles EHC-93 can affect blood levels of ET-1 and ET-3 and cause a vasopressor response in Wistar rats without causing acute lung injury. Furthermore, the potency of the particles to influence hemodynamic changes appears to be modified by removing polar organic compounds and soluble elements. Because the pathophysiologic significance of elevated endothelins has been clinically established in humans, our observations suggest a novel mechanism by which inhaled particles may cause cardiovascular effects. These findings in rats contribute to the weight of evidence in favor of a biologically plausible epidemiologic association between ambient particulate matter and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in human populations.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[New techniques used to monitor cerebral function in the newborn].

INTRODUCTION: Continuous display four channels EEG monitoring and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) are relatively new and valuable techniques used for continuous brain monitoring in the neonatal period. Supporting the value of continuous display four channels EEG monitoring in the evaluation of neonates with paroxysmal motor events is a study recently conducted at Miami Children s Hospital. DEVELOPMENT: In this study 30 events were captures in 88 hours of simultaneous continuous display four channels EEG monitoring and continuous video EEG telemetry recording in five patients. Fourteen of the events were consider epileptic and 16 were considered non epileptic after evaluation of the continuous display four channels EEG monitoring printed epochs. RESULTS: The continuous video EEG telemetry confirmed the diagnosis for all the events. Several studies attest to the usefulness of NIRS in neonates and in older children with pathologies similar to those seeing in neonates. CONCLUSIONS: 1. NIRS is the best method to monitor regional cerebral oxygen saturation; 2. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation values are primarily those of the venous circulation in the subcortical white matter below the sensor; 3. Values of regional oxygen saturation should be considered not independently but only relative as a change over time; 4. Decreased regional cerebral oxygen saturation may be a sign of impending or established hypoxemia or hypotension, increased cerebral metabolic demands, or a cerebral oxygenation or perfusion problem that involve only brain, and 5. NIRS should be used in conjunction with arterial oxygen saturation and pressure monitoring (to detect hypoxemia and hypotension), with EEG to detect increased cerebral metabolic demands (electroencephalographic seizures) and with anterior cerebral artery Doppler ultrasound to detect perfusion (decreased flow velocity) and oxygenation (constant flow velocity) problems that involve only the brain.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗

PubMed2004

Remote continuous cardiac arrhythmias detection and monitoring.

The current techniques used to diagnose cardiac arrhythmias such as Holter, Rtest and telemetry systems are partially efficient because they are limited either in time or in space. In this paper, a platform dedicated to the real-time remote continuous cardiac arrhythmias detection and monitoring is proposed. Such a platform allows to improve the accuracy and the efficiency of the diagnostic of ventricular tachycardia among the high-risk patients and enables the implantation of ICD to prevent sudden death. The new method allows the patient to lead a normal life while being remotely monitored in real-time by an ambulatory wireless ECG sensor. When a cardiac arrhythmia is detected a message including a sequence of ECG signals and the patient's images (indoors only) is sent to a remote surveillance server. According to the gravity of the symptom, the cardiologist can intervene in real time or later. The system has been evaluated on some ten patients with regard to heartbeat and cardiac rhythm disturbance. The real-time results are similar to those offered by HP telemetry systems.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electrohydraulic ventricular assist device development.

A 64 ml (effective stroke volume) in vitro electrohydraulic ventricular assist device (VAD) prototype has been built. The energy converter is an axial flow pump driven by a brushless direct current (DC) motor. Systole begins as silicone oil is pumped from the volume displacement chamber (VDC) into the ventricle, displacing the flexing diaphragm separating the oil and the blood. In diastole, the motor reverses, providing active filling by pumping oil from the ventricle into the VDC. The surface mount electronic internal controller provides motor commutator, energy management, telemetry, and physiologic control functions. Energy is supplied externally by either a 12 V DC power supply or a 12 V DC rechargeable battery and is transmitted through the skin by a transcutaneous energy transformer (TET). Energy can also be supplied by a 12 V DC rechargeable internal battery. Bidirectional infrared telemetry is used to transmit information between the internal and external controllers.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical evaluation of a critical path for coronary artery bypass surgery patients.

The critical path, one component of the case management model, was examined to determine its accuracy in describing patient recovery following coronary artery bypass surgery and to determine if variations from the path influenced postoperative length of stay. One hundred ninety-five (195) postoperative days were analyzed on 28 subjects. Data about patient characteristics, daily progress, and recovery following transfer from intensive care until hospital discharge were compared to expected patient progress and recovery as delineated by the critical path. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of the patients (n = 28) were discharged within the time frames designated by the critical path. Significant correlations (p less than or equal to .01) were found between postoperative length of stay and the variables of activity progression (r = -.46), telemetry usage (r = -.56), inspirometer use (r = -.35), and adherence to the critical path (r = -.48). Using step-wise multiple regression analysis, overall adherence to the critical path in the areas of telemetry usage and activity progression were found to be significant predictors of postoperative length of stay (combined R2 = .65).

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Fetal protection and maternal-fetal medicine.

Section 2.01 of the Fetal Protection Act of 1999 defines "qualified patient" as one who registers a pregnancy by six weeks of gestational age. Section 2.02 requires that a patient be "qualified" before receiving financial aid. Similarly, all private third party payers require "registration" of the pregnancy by six weeks. "Registration" consists of proof of intrauterine pregnancy by ultrasound and attachment of a telemetry device to the cervix. Such a device will monitor the patient's vital signs, contractions, fetal movement and levels of various "toxins" in the maternal blood. Toxins include but are not limited to alcohol, nicotine, controlled substances as well as excess levels of salt, carbohydrates and saturated fats. Unacceptable variations in telemetry will trip an alarm at the patient's approved prenatal care center. Such an alarm will trigger a visit from an agent from the Fetal Bureau of Investigation.

Civil Rights↗

PubMed1990

Effects of biological and environmental factors on activity rhythms of wild animals.

This paper reviews information on the effects of biological and environmental factors on activity rhythms of wild animals monitored by radio telemetry. Variations in radio signals received from free-ranging animals are used to determine the pattern of activity and rest. Telemetry is especially effective for obtaining activity data from wild animals at night and from those living in dense vegetation or underground. Biological factors such as breeding behavior, care of young, time of last eating, and food storage cause changes in daily activity patterns. Similarly, environmental factors such as temperature, snow cover, food supply and disturbance caused by humans in an urban setting also cause changes in daily activity patterns. The observed modifications of activity rhythms show that controlling mechanisms allow wild animals to quickly respond to changing biological and environmental factors.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Selection criteria for surgery in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Between February 1983 and August 1986, 53 patients underwent inpatient evaluation at the Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince Henry Hospital to determine their suitability for epilepsy surgery. The patients were first continuously monitored with a video camera during surface and sphenoidal electrode telemetry. During this phase, clinical, radiological, neuropsychological and psychosocial evaluations were performed and intracarotid sodium amylobarbitone injections were used to lateralise language and memory function. Following this evaluation, 30 patients were considered not suitable for further investigation. Six patients were able to have definitive surgery without further evaluation while 17 required depth electrode studies. These patients had flexible wires inserted into their frontal and temporal lobes under stereotactic guidance and video recording and depth electrode telemetry was continued until typical seizures were characterised. These studies led to a further 9 operations; one patient was suitable for operation but deferred surgery. When the original 53 patients were classified according to seizure type, the outcome was as follows. 1. Twelve patients had classical complex partial seizures (CPSs) only and 5 of these had temporal lobe surgery. 2. Five had CPSs with motor accompaniments and 3 of these had temporal lobe surgery. 3. Seven had CPSs and generalised seizures; one had temporal lobe and another frontal lobe surgery. 4. Four had partial simple seizures with secondary generalisation and 3 had cortical excisions (2 frontal, 1 occipital lobe) surgery. 5. Twenty-two patients had mixed seizure disorder; one had lesion excision and one had corpus callosum section in 2 stages. 6. Three patients were non-epileptic.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Cariogenicity and acidogenicity of food, confectionery and beverages.

The advantage of pH-telemetry of plaque and mixed saliva in the evaluation of the cariogenic potential is that, in contrast to in vitro measurements, in vivo telemetry discriminates among pH variations in plaque and saliva as a result of substrate fermentation and those due to dietary acids, acids formed by the oral mucosal microflora and adequately registers salivary buffers. This is illustrated with a summary of acido- hypo- and nonacidogenic products tested.

Acids↗

PubMed1987

Ambulatory diagnostic monitoring of seizures in children.

Considerable scope still exists for more accurate recognition of childhood seizures and the definition of their precise type. Careful clinical observation is generally the most appropriate way of achieving these objectives. However, in a proportion of patients even detailed clinical evaluation will leave this issue unclear. Intensive neurodiagnostic monitoring carries the advantage over conventional EEG recordings in generally increasing the likelihood of recording during the child's attacks. Special consideration has to be given to children in carrying out intensive monitoring, largely because of their limited understanding of investigatory procedures and lessened ability to cooperate compared with adults, including adjustment to hospital admission. Equipment design must acknowledge the smaller size of children and the fact that they are generally more active than adult patients. In order to help interpretation of the EEG findings, great reliance has to be placed on the observation by parents and other observers in achieving adequate behavioral accounts. The comparative acceptance by children of the different recording procedures and their relative diagnostic yield are difficult to evaluate objectively. No systematic comparison has been made on the same group of children undergoing the various procedures. Consequently, comparisons have to be made on different patient groups investigated in different centers where it is likely there will be differences in selection criteria for investigation as well as the details of the procedure followed. Video/EEG, telemetry, and cassette recording are best seen as complementary procedures from which a choice is made depending on the child's problem and circumstances and, in particular, whether admission to hospital for video or telemetry is possible or likely to provide the opportunity for studying the clinical phenomena in question. All are capable of high levels of technical merit and a high degree of diagnostic yield when used with appropriate indications. However, especially for EEG services outside special centers and without extra staff resources, it is likely that cassette recording in its 8-channel form has distinct advantages, both in terms of acceptability to children and of operating costs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Future generation pacemakers.

Interchangeability between pacing modes will be the key feature in the pacemaker of the 1980s. The usefulness of the various modes will be enhanced by the array of pacing parameter options made available within each mode. Noninvasive adjustments of rates, AV intervals, signal detection sensitivities, and both atrial and ventricular stimulating energies will allow for necessary fine-tuning and ease of trouble-shooting throughout the life of the pacemaker system. Battery energy will be conserved by trimming output pulse characteristics to safe but reasonable levels. On the other hand, should myocardial thresholds increase, flexibility to reprogram pulse width and/or amplitude will avoid the need for reimplanting new electrodes or pulse generator. The physician will be able to evaluate underlying rhythm mechanisms and even perform single electrophysiologic studies by using special programmable features. Advanced telemetry features will facilitate patient followup and help identify pacing problems. Various telemetry options will include information on programmed and actual performance parameters, and on endocardial signals from both the atria and ventricles. Future generation pacemakers will be a collection and refinement of present technologies into single pacing systems. It is not overly optimistic to envision within this decade a small, long-life, easily implanted, sophisticated pacemaker that is capable of several modes of operation for treatment of both bradycardias and tachycardias, and is noninvasively adjustable to various and changing patient conditions.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Knot tying at flexible endoscopy.

Four new knotting techniques were developed for use at flexible endoscopy: (1) half hitches tied with knot-pusher, (2) thread-locking device, (3) self-tightening slip-knot, and (4) externally releasable knot. Remoteness from site of action, access through small-diameter orifice, and difficulty in applying lateral traction to tighten knots are problems met in knot tying at endoscopy. All four knotting techniques were studied in experiments on postmortem human stomachs and used for radio-telemetry studies and anti-reflux operations in survival studies in dogs using endoscopic sewing techniques. Half hitches tied at endoscopy with a knot-pusher were also used in human studies to treat esophageal reflux and secure pH radio-telemetry capsules for long-term measurements. Externally releasable knots were used to secure nasogastric tubes to the stomach of five patients for long-term nutrition. Knot tying is feasible at flexible endoscopy by a variety of new techniques. Endoscopically tied knots can be as secure as surgically hand-tied knots and have been used successfully in man.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

[Semi-supervised exercise using a step machine at home after myocardial infarction].

Home exercise programs for patients with myocardial infarction effectively improve their ability to exercise as well as quality of life. However, there are no efficient methods for monitoring the patient's clinical status or conveying the physician's instructions to the home setting. To resolve these problems, we developed a computer-based, automated, telemetry system comprised of central and peripheral computers and telephone line. Five myocardial infarction patients were evaluated for peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) and anaerobic threshold (AT) before hospital discharge. At home, the patients performed 10-min exercise using a step machine. Patient data including blood pressure, pulse rate, and electrocardiogram before and after exercise were stored in the peripheral computer, and the central computer automatically retrieved the data through the phone line. If the current heart rate was less than the heart rate at AT, extreme changes in blood pressure were noted or dangerous arrhythmias appeared, appropriate instructions were indicated on the display of the peripheral computer. Following these instructions, the patients continued home exercise programs for 6 months. Peak VO2 and AT increased significantly in all patients (peak VO2: baseline 24 +/- 3.3 ml/kg/min, 6 months later 33.3 +/- 3.7 ml/kg/min, p < 0.01, AT: baseline 15.2 +/- 2.7 ml/kg/min, 6 months later 18.5 +/- 2.8 ml/kg/min, p < 0.01). The computer-based automated telemetry system combined with a step machine facilitated effective prescription and monitoring of exercise programs at home.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

High-resolution surface-coil MR of cortical lesions in medically refractory epilepsy: a prospective study.

PURPOSE: To determine the role of surface-coil MR imaging in evaluating medically refractory neocortical partial epilepsy. METHODS: A prospective study of 25 patients with medically refractory neocortical partial epilepsy was performed. Head- and surface-coil images were reviewed by two neuroradiologists to determine the clarity with which cortical lesions were depicted. The ability of imaging, combined with surface electroencephalography (EEG), to locate the suspected epileptogenic zone was evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with head-coil studies, surface-coil studies showed four more lesions, caused the most probable diagnosis to be altered in five patients, and better defined the lesions in four patients. Of 11 patients with lobar EEG abnormalities, imaging showed focal cortical abnormalities within the same or adjacent lobe in five and multifocal abnormalities in two. Of six patients with EEG abnormalities restricted to two adjacent lobes, imaging showed focal cortical abnormalities in one of these lobes in five patients and multifocal abnormalities in one patient. Of eight patients with a nonfocal EEG, imaging showed focal cortical abnormalities in five and multifocal cortical abnormalities in one. In two of 13 patients, video/EEG telemetry improved seizure location whereas surface-coil imaging showed focal cortical lesions in six and provided relevant prognostic information in five. CONCLUSION: Compared with head-coil studies, surface-coil imaging of the cerebral cortex improved detection and differentiation of focal cortical lesions in 64% of patients. Video/EEG telemetry improved location in 15% of patients, and surface-coil imaging combined with EEG results provided improved location of the suspected epileptogenic zone or relevant prognostic information in 85%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Programmed "trendscription." A new approach to electrocardiographic monitoring.

A new approach to monitoring of episodic but frequently recurring arrhythmias has been developed, consisting of condensation of electrocardiographic information on a special drum recorder, a programmer that permits selection of intervals and durations for monitoring, and a telemetry unit for transmission of the electrocardiographic signal. We used this system to manage three selected cases.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗