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PubMed1983

[The distribution of cefotiam in body fluid].

All subjects were patients with malignant tumors on the gastroenterological system and in whose cases there were marked ascites (Table 1). In the study, each patient was subjected to the intravenous drip infusion of CTM 1 g for a period of 1 hour. Samples of peripheral venous blood and ascites were taken 4 times, at 1 hour after completion of infusion, and at 2, 3 and 4 hours. The test samples were kept at -80 degrees C until the CTM contents were determined (Fig. 1). Determination results 1. Blood concentrations of CTM decreased with the passage of time (Fig. 2). 2. There was hardly any difference in the concentration of CTM in ascites between the 1 hour and 4 hour samples. Furthermore, the concentration was maintained which exceeded the MIC against intestinal flora, including Escherichia coli, without Pseudomonas and Bacteroides (Fig. 3, Table 2). 3. The higher serum creatinine levels were the greater the concentration of CTM in blood (Fig. 5). 4. The maximum blood and ascites concentration of CTM indicated a correlation coefficient of 0.809, P less than 0.01 (Fig. 6). These results led to the following conclusions: 1. If 1 hour intravenous drip infusion of CTM 1 g/100 ml is to be carried out against postoperative peritoneal infection, such administration at interval less than 5-hours would not be reasonable. 2. The peritoneal invasion of malignant tumor is not a factor in the inhibition of CTM transition from blood to ascites.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A rapid method for the extraction of cocaine and benzoylecgonine from body fluids.

A method has been developed for the rapid extraction of cocaine and benzoylecgonine from post-mortem blood and urine samples. Solid phase columns containing C8 packing material gave clean, emulsion free extracts from body fluids. The total time for each extraction was approx. 10 min and the system has the capacity for the simultaneous extraction of up to 10 samples. Urine can be extracted directly, blood samples were sonicated before extraction to allow for their easy passage through the columns. The method gave excellent recoveries of cocaine (98-100%) from spiked samples at concentrations of between 50 ng/ml and 10 micrograms/ml. Analysis of the extracts was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of Tennessee antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen and alpha-feto-protein in body fluids associated with pregnancy.

The aim of this study was to establish if the oncofetal antigens alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tissue-polypeptide antigen (TPA), and Tennessee antigen (TAG) were present in body fluids associated with pregnancy. There antigens were measured in amniotic fluid, cord blood, and semen. In contrast to AFP, CEA, and TPA, which were found in high concentration in amniotic fluid, the TAG concentration was lower than observed in serum. In cord blood, AFP was elevated in all samples examined. CEA was elevated in 35% of the samples. TAG was normal in all 20 samples studied. Examination of semen demonstrated that TPA, CEA, and TAG were increased over normal serum values; AFP was not increased over normal serum values in the 103 samples of semen studied. The lack of increased concentrations of TAG in amniotic fluid, cord blood and serum of pregnant women provides further evidence that this antigen is distinct from CEA, AFP or TPA. The lack of AFP in semen is interesting, and requires further investigation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative analysis of sulpiride in body fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of sulpiride, N-ethyl-2-(2-methoxy-5-sulphonamido-benzamido-methyl)-pyrrolidine, in body fluids is described. A structurally related compound, N-ethyl-2-(2,4-dimethoxy-benzamido-methyl)-pyrrolidine, was used as internal standard. A fluorescence detector with excitation maximum at 299 nm and emission maximum at 342 nm was used for the quantitation. The detection limit was about 10 ng/ml in serum and cerebrospinal fluid and about 200 ng/ml in urine. The experimental error was 5--10% in the concentration range 25--100 ng/ml. Some preliminary data from a pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers are presented. The half-life for sulpiride in serum was about 8 h. Sulpiride was also measured in cerebrospinal fluid from five drug-treated psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A soluble form of Fc gamma RIII is present in human serum and other body fluids and is elevated at sites of inflammation.

We have developed a highly sensitive and specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the concentration of Fc gamma RIII in serum and other body fluids. This ELISA is based on the use of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) (3G8) to Fc gamma RIII and a rabbit antiserum against Fc gamma RIII. The lower limit of detection of this ELISA was 1.5 nmol/L. The concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in normal serum ranged from 7.3 to 75.9 nmol/L. Soluble Fc gamma RIII was also present in other normal biologic fluids such as saliva, urine, and seminal fluid, but at much lower concentrations than that found in serum. Rabbit anti-Fc gamma RIII immunoblotted polypeptides immunoprecipitated with MoAb 3G8. Fc gamma RIII immunoprecipitated from a neutrophil lysate migrated from 40 to 76 Kd, whereas Fc gamma RIII immunoprecipitated from serum from the same donor migrated from 40 to 66 Kd. The soluble form of Fc gamma RIII apparently was bound to serum IgG, because immunoprecipitation of soluble Fc gamma RIII by MoAb 3G8 coprecipitated polypeptides that were identified by goat antihuman IgG. Incubation of neutrophils in vitro at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C showed that Fc gamma RIII was released after 30 minutes of incubation at 37 degrees C. To determine whether there was a correlation between the concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in biologic fluids and inflammatory diseases, we measured the concentration of Fc gamma RIII in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and in the synovial fluid from patients with various forms of arthritis. In ARDS, we found concentrations of soluble Fc gamma RIII that were five to seven times higher than that found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from healthy adults. The concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in the synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis ranged from 10 nmol/L to 28 mumol/L. These results suggest that activated neutrophils, such as those at sites of inflammation, may release Fc gamma RIII.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1993

The polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in human body fluids.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical fluids for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: We utilized a modified, nested PCR to detect the presence of Borrelia DNA in 99 samples of serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or synovial fluid obtained from 44 patients with various stages of Lyme disease and 47 control subjects. Primer specificity was corroborated by examining 2 DNA data banks, testing against DNA from other organisms, and confirming results with a second set of nested primers. RESULTS: Nested PCR was capable of detecting DNA from fewer than 10 organisms in 1 ml of fluid. The specificity of this technique was 96.4%, with a sensitivity of 76.7%. Although the specificity was uniformly high, the sensitivity was dependent upon the body fluid being tested: CSF 100%, urine 100%, synovial fluid 80%, and serum 59%. The rate of false-positive results was 3.6%. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate the potential utility of PCR in confirming the clinical diagnosis of Lyme disease as well as providing insight into the pathogenesis of various stages of this disorder.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

The sauna and body fluid balance.

Sauna bathing may affect the fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance. In addition to sweating and thirst, a sauna bath also has effects on many endogenous regulatory mechanisms maintaining the balance between the fluid compartments and appropriate distribution of the circulating blood. Although the sauna-induced fluid loss is usually not very severe, its adequate replacement as early as possible is important. In practice, the most convenient and effective way is to replace the fluid loss by small liquid doses repeated frequently during the bathing. If a sauna bath is taken after heavy physical activity, the fluid compensation may be necessary already before bathing.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗