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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of blood-induced glaucoma with vitreous hemorrhage.

Four consecutive cases are reported in which pars plana vitrectomy was used to treat eyes with blood-induced glaucoma complicating vitreous hemorrhage after cataract surgery. Vitrectomy resulted in removal of the posterior reservior of cells and cellular debris and cured the elevated intraocular pressure in 3 eyes. One eye required a second glaucoma procedure and long-term acetazolamide therapy. The excised vitreous was examined microscopically with several techniques, including use of a millipore filter to concentrate the cellular elements combined with a modified Papanicolaou staining technique, routine staining of sections of millipore filters, and routine staining of vitreous processed in a celloidin bag. These techniques showed variable proportions of erythrocytes, erythrocytic debris, free hemoglobin, ghost erythrocytes and macrophages containing erythrocytic debris and hemosiderin.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMed1982

Fibrinoid syndrome: a severe complication of vitrectomy surgery in diabetics.

Two hundred eighty consecutive vitrectomies in diabetic patients were studied retrospectively. In 15 eyes, interlacing fibrin-like strands appeared on the surface of the retina and behind the iris plane from two to 14 days postoperatively. One or two days later, a gelatinous mass formed in the center of the vitreous activity, leading to the development of tractional retinal detachment and rubeosis iridis with neovascular glaucoma. Large doses of systemic and topical corticosteroids reversed the fulminating course of this complication in six of 15 eyes. The combination of lens surgery or scleral buckling procedure with vitrectomy, and the presence of retinal detachment preoperatively seemed to predispose to this complication. It is possible that multiple surgical procedures performed during the same operation cause an increase in vascular permeability resulting in the formation of a gelatinous, fibrin-like material in the diabetic eye.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

A new endoillumination infusion cannula for pars plana vitrectomy.

A new endoillumination infusion cannula has been developed that allows for wide field illumination of the retina during pars plana vitrectomy surgery. This frees the surgeon from having to use one of the intravitreal probes for endoillumination when using the bimanual technique in pars plana vitrectomy. This innovative endoillumination source also can be used with indirect ophthalmoscopy, at surgery, avoiding the glare generated by the indirect ophthalmoscope's light beam interacting with the corneal surface and the condensing lens surfaces.

Catheterization↗

PubMed1977

Pars plana vitrectomy.

Sixty-four consecutive pars plana vitrectomies were performed with the Douvas roto-extractor for anterior and posterior vitreous opacities. Eighty-four per cent of the anterior segment vitrectomy patients obtained improvement in visual acuity after surgery. Only 60% of the posterior segment patients obtained improvement in visual acuity, while only 45% of the eyes with active proliferative diabetic retinopathy had improved vision.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Combined A- and B-scan echography. Preoperative evaluation of vitrectomy patients.

The preoperative ultrasound evaluation of vitrectomy patients is of great value. The combined use of an optimized and standardized A-scan and B-contact scan echography gives good results. While the A-scan echography gives information about the quantitative and kinetic characteristics of the examined structures, B-scan echography demonstrates, in addition, the shape and topographic relationship of the investigated structures. The combination of A-scan and B-scan echography is not time-consuming and does not inconvenience the patient as does the use of an immersion water bath. The results of 105 echographically evaluated vitrectomy patients are presented.

Eye Diseases↗

PubMed1977

[Role of anterior vitrectomy in the prevention of retinal detachment after vitreous loss].

A study was performed in two series of patients on whom lens extraction was done. Congenital cataracts were excluded from this study. In one series. the closure of the wounds was satisfactory; in the other, large anterior vitrectomy was carried out. The frequency of detachment (about 4%) seems to be approximately the same in the two series, but inflammatory signs and hypertony are more frequent when vitrectomy is not done.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed1977

[Vitrectomy after intracapsular cataract extraction (author's transl)].

A report is given on transpupillar vitrectomy with the suction wedge for prolapse of the vitreous after intracapsular cataract extraction. From the results obtained this method can be recommended. In aphakic eyes with drawn up pupil the pupil should be cut out underneath after opening the anterior chamber. Also in this case vitrectomy must be performed before closure of the anterior chamber.

Anterior Chamber↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy.

Elevation of intraocular pressure is a relatively common complication after pars plana vitrectomy. Seven cases illustrate the diverse causes of the pressure rise that may be seen in these patients. Blood in the anterior chamber, retained lens material, inflammatory debris, topical corticosteroid administration, rubeosis iridis, and pre-existing, chronic open-angle glaucoma have all been implicated, singly or in combination, in the elevation of intraocular pressure that occurs after pars plana vitrectomy. Diabetic patients are particularly susceptible to the simultaneous occurrence of more than one of these factors.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1977

Pars plana vitrectomy for complications of intraocular lens implantation.

Several clinical situations have been presented in which pars plana vitrectomy has proven beneficial in the treatment of vitreous complications of lens implantation. Removal of the central opacity and enlargement of the pupil are essential to improve vision, relieve pupillary block and achieve an adequate view of the retina. Pars plana vitrectomy offers a method for the controlled removal of membrane, vitreous and iris tissues without unnecessary distortion of anterior segment anatomy.

Aged↗

PubMed1977

Corneal thickness after vitrectomy and infusion with dextran solution.

We studied with pachometry the degree of corneal endothelial decompensation in rabbits undergoing extracapsular lens extraction and vitrectomy. We used 3 different infusion solutions: (1) 0.9% sodium chloride; (2) 0.45% sodium chloride with 2.5% glucose; and (3) 0.45% sodium chloride, 2.5% glucose, and 2% dextran. Vitrectomy and vitreous replacement with the last solution demonstrated the least overall increase in corneal thickness. On the basis of these observations, dextran may be a useful colloid osmotic agent in intraocular irrigating fluids to control and decrease postoperative corneal edema.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pars plana vitrectomy. Removal of preretinal membranes.

Removal of preretinal membranes in pars plana vitrectomy is achieved with the two-instrument technique by using a hooked needle or vitreous scissors, in addition to the vitrectomy instrument. Preretinal membranes are found in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, perforating injuries, and in retinal detachments with massive periretinal proliferation. Technique and results have been described in the text.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

Fluorescein angiography of the fundus after pars plana vitrectomy.

In diabetic patients with massive vitreous hemorrhage, fluorescein angiography after pars plana vitrectomy demonstrated varying degrees of vascular involvement depending on the stage of the basic disease process. Arteriolar occlusions, capillary bed drop-out, microaneurysms, and neovascularization were common findings. We concluded that diabetic retinopathy continued its course behind the cloudy vitreous, sometimes leading to retinal ischemia and subsequent spontaneous involution, macular disease, or retinal detachment. In addition, some of these patients were also subject to nondiabetic diseases, such as senile macular degeneration, that could not be detected preoperatively, but that reduced visual acuity postoperatively. In the nondiabetic patients with vitreous hemorrhage, visual acuity after vitrectomy usually depended on the degree of coincident macular disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Visual outcomes following lensectomy and vitrectomy for combined anterior and posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the visual outcome after surgery for persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous using modern vitreoretinal techniques. DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review during a 5-year period (June 1992 to June 1997). Information recorded for each patient included age, medical history, sex, results of preoperative ocular examination, age at diagnosis, procedure performed, intraoperative and postoperative complications, location and number of sclerotomy sites, type of aphakic rehabilitation, amblyopic therapy given, final visual acuity, and length of follow-up. RESULTS: Fourteen patients who underwent surgical management of combined anterior and posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous were identified. Eleven patients underwent aphakic rehabilitation and aggressive amblyopic therapy consisting of occlusive therapy for several waking hours each day. One additional older patient received aphakic rehabilitation only. Ten eyes (71%) achieved a visual acuity of 20/300 or better, and 8 (57%) obtained a final visual acuity of 20/100 or better. Average length of follow-up was 22 months (range, 4-57 months). Nine patients were fitted with an aphakic soft contact lens, 2 older patients had a posterior chamber intraocular lens placed at the time of vitrectomy, and 1 patient wore aphakic spectacles. CONCLUSIONS: With modern vitreoretinal techniques, aphakic rehabilitation, and aggressive amblyopic therapy, useful vision can be obtained in the majority of patients with combined anterior and posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.

Amblyopia↗

PubMed1999

Pars plana vitrectomy and subretinal surgery for ocular toxocariasis.

The clinical course of ocular toxocariasis and the chronological development of peripheral retinal and macular granulomas are reported. Removing the epiretinal as well as subretinal component of the granuloma via pars plana vitrectomy and retinotomy techniques yielded an excellent clinical result. Clinicopathologic correlation of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis with histological evidence of degenerated larval structures in granulomatous inflammation.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Mycobacterium chelonae conjunctivitis and scleritis following vitrectomy.

The atypical, or nontuberculous, mycobacteria are opportunistic pathogens that usually cause infection following accidental trauma or surgery. These organisms are ubiquitous in nature but have been found with increasing frequency in other environments that include medical offices and surgical suites. Management of atypical mycobacterial ocular infections can be difficult because in vitro antibiotic activity does not always correlate with in vivo efficacy and because normal immune defenses against mycobacteria may work too slowly to prevent irreversible damage to infected ocular tissues. This report describes a patient who developed a severe ocular infection due to Mycobacterium chelonae after vitrectomy. Despite eradication of the infection, the eye became blind and painful. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:1125-1128

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Bacterial endophthalmitis after closed vitrectomy.

Four cases of bacterial endophthalmitis occurred after more than 2,800 closed vitrectomies. Despite vigorous antibiotic therapy, all four eyes were lost. The poor outcome seems to result from difficulties in diagnosing this condition in its early stages. Important clinical indications, such as orbital pain, corneal edema and infiltrate, excessive intraocular inflammatory reaction, hypopyon, and diminished fundus reflex, are often masked by the usual postoperative course. According to our study, the incidence of endophthalmitis after closed vitreous surgery is 0.14%. Three of the four patients with endophthalmitis were diabetic. Our clinical findings are compared with those in the four other cases reported in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Vitrectomy and intravitreal antiviral drug therapy in acute retinal necrosis syndrome. Report of two cases.

Two patients with acute retinal necrosis were treated with vitrectomy, intravitreal infusion of acyclovir, and prophylactic scleral buckling procedures. Both patients have had a uneventful postoperative course and a recovery of visual acuity; follow-up has been at five and 14 months. There has been no sign of toxicity from the intravitreally administered acyclovir by electroretinographic or clinical criteria.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1986

Fluid-gas exchange and photocoagulation after vitrectomy. Indications, technique, and results.

We describe the indications, complications, and results of postvitrectomy fluid-gas exchange and laser photocoagulation for management of complicated vitreoretinal disease. Indications include proliferative vitreoretinopathy, vitreous opacities associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, giant retinal tear, recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and trauma. Eyes treated with 50% sulfur hexafluoride gas rather than sterile air demonstrated a higher intraocular pressure on the first postexchange day, which was not a significant source of disease. There was no statistically significant difference in retinal reattachment between eyes treated with gas and those treated with air. Fluid-gas exchange in eyes with partial or total retinal detachment resulted in total or partial retinal reattachment, with the macula attached in 82% of cases within the first 48 hours following exchange. Final reattachment rate, with a mean follow-up of 8.9 months (range, six to 36 months), was 55%. In eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, the combination of postoperative argon or krypton laser photocoagulation with fluid-gas exchange was associated with a final reattachment rate of 75%. Postoperative fluid-gas exchange and photocoagulation appear to be safe and effective advances in the treatment of complicated vitreoretinal diseases requiring vitrectomy.

Body Fluids↗