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At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Growth of mineral crystals in turkey tendon collagen fibers.

Bone and several other vertebrate mineralized tissues are formed by the organized growth of crystals of carbonated apatite within a matrix of type 1 collagen fibers. The development of this process in isolated fibrils of young turkey leg tendons has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. Collagen banding, presumably due to ion concentration, precedes the appearance of any crystals. The smallest crystals observed are short needles in bands near the surface of the fibrils. Longer needles, up to the length of the collagen gap regions, were also seen, and, evidently at a later stage, single crystal belts extending partly or wholly through the fibrils. Finally, in mature tendon crystal platelets, seemingly derived from the cracking of belts, extend partly into the collagen overlap zone. In the least mineralized tendon, extrafibrillar mineral-containing vesicles have occasionally been observed adjacent to regions of radiating needle crystal growth in the fibrils, and, more commonly, smaller particles adjacent to bands of very small needles.

Aging↗
PubMed2026

Genome-Wide Characterization of the ZIP Transporter Family in Sea Island Cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) and Expression Profiling Under Heavy Metal and Pathogen Stresses.

G. barbadense represents an indispensable germplasm resource for high-quality textile fiber and disease resistance; nevertheless, systematic information regarding its ZRT/IRT-like protein (ZIP) gene family remains limited. Here, a total of 46 GbZIP genes were identified across the G. barbadense genome. Comprehensive bioinformatic investigations revealed uneven chromosomal distribution and confirmed that segmental/whole-genome duplications, supplemented by localized tandem duplications, drove family expansion. Members clustered within the same phylogenetic clades shared conserved motif organization and gene architecture, while promoter regions harbored abundant cis-acting elements associated with phytohormone and stress signaling. Transcriptome profiling indicated distinct expression patterns across vegetative/reproductive tissues, fiber and ovule developmental stages, and diverse abiotic stress conditions (cold, hot, drought, and salt). Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) further validated that several GbZIP candidates exhibited temporal expression variations upon exposure to cadmium toxicity, V. dahliae infection, and combined Cd-V. dahliae stress. Specifically, GbZIP13, GbZIP18, GbZIP27, and GbZIP36 displayed prominent broad-spectrum responses to all three stress conditions, whereas GbZIP16, GbZIP29, and GbZIP30 showed stress-specific regulatory divergence. Overall, this study aims to systematically analyze the evolutionary characteristics and expression patterns of the GbZIP family, and to specifically evaluate the response differences under Cd stress, V. dahliae stress, and combined stress, in order to identify potential key candidate genes.

Gossypium barbadense↗
PubMed1998

Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser prostatectomy.

Since 1986, benign prostatic hyperplasia has been treated with lasers, but clinical use was not practical until the right-angled fiber was developed in the early 1990s. The neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser is one of four types available for treating the prostate. Laser energy levels can be adjusted to provide coagulation (at lower energy densities) or vaporization (at higher energy densities). In a randomized study of these two techniques, symptom scores were similar at 1-year follow-up, but the peak urinary flow rate was higher and the reoperation rate was lower in the patients who received vaporization treatment. In randomized investigations that have compared laser prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), symptom scores and urinary flow rates improved in both groups, but results were somewhat better after TURP. Cumulative data for 3-year follow-up after laser prostatectomy have shown that the improved symptom scores and urinary flow are durable. The major disadvantages with use of Nd:YAG prostatectomy are delayed time to voiding, posttreatment dysuria (which occurs in 15 to 30% of patients), and total cost. Overall, Nd:YAG prostatectomy has both pros and cons. In comparison with TURP, the laser procedure is shorter, has fewer complications, can be done on an outpatient basis, and provides quicker recovery and equivalent results.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Gastroenterological endoscopy--fascination and obligation (author's transl)].

The development of fiber endoscopy has made possible routine endoscopic bioptic examination of the upper (including the duodenum) and lower digestive tract (with the terminal ileum). Biopsy material can be obtained in the necessary quantities with forceps or a loop. In many centers endoscopy is already the basic method for the diagnosis of diseases of the upper digestive tract. A similar tendency is also becoming apparent in colo-ileoscopy. The increase in the frequency of endoscopic investigations is accompanied by a decrease in the number of complications. The increasing importance and dissemination of gastrointestinal fiber endoscopy demands greater and better training facilities and adequate control of qualifications together with an integrated cooperation with the pathologists.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1999

[Current aspects of lymphangioleiomyomatosis].

Lymphoangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a characteristic diffuse proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle fibers predominantly developing in the lung and leading to cystic destruction. An almost totally specific marker, HMB45, is available. This monoclonal antibody labels cells of the melanocyte line, LAM cells and renal angiomyolipoma cells. The antigen carried by all these cell lines is probably gp-100 involved in melanogenesis. Two gene loci are formally implicated in the pathogenesis of Bourneville tuberous sclerosis (BTS): TSC1 (9q 34.3) and TSC2 (16p 13.3). The TSC2 locus could be implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary LAM. LAM and BTS have similar clinical and histological features and could be two different phenotypic forms, distinguished strictly on a nosological basis, of the same disease. The hormone-dependence theory is suggested on the basis of purely clinical arguments, particularly the almost exclusive female predominance, generally during the period of genital activity. Certain counter arguments have also been put forward and consequently, since no in vitro cell culture model or animal model of LAM is available, it is not really possible to verify the hypothesis. Epidemiological data have been recently acquired in France with the constitution of the GERM"O"P registry of LAM cases in France. Recent technological progress in imaging techniques has also been helpful for earlier, more precise diagnosis. HMB45 immunolabeling improves diagnostic sensitivity on small tissue fragments obtained with transbronchial biopsies. The course of LAM appears to be different in certain patient subgroups. Certain patients develop rapidly fatal disease in months or years while in the majority of patients the disease is much less aggressive for years. A minority of patients also have very slowly evolving disease sometimes diagnosed after menopause. Lung transplantation remains the ultimate treatment in case of life-threatening prognosis.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed2000

Ultrastructure and motility of the caudal epididymis spermatozoa from the volcano mouse (Neotomodon alstoni alstoni Merriam, 1898).

The volcano mouse Neotomodon alstoni alstoni is a genus endemic to the higher elevations of the Mexican transvolcanic belt. In the present study we examined for the first time the morphological features of the spermatozoa taken from the caudal epididymis of this species by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Spermatozoan motility was studied in sucrose and bicarbonate solutions; vitality and morphology were observed by light microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the head of spermatozoon is asymmetric and possesses a large and curved hook. The axoneme of the spermatozoan tail is highly developed at fibers 1, 5, and 6. Absolute and relative measurements of the length of the head, the midpiece, and the rest of the tail were also obtained. N. alstoni alstoni spermatozoa were hyperactive in the presence of 290 mM sucrose and 10 and 20 nM bicarbonate solutions exhibited high motility (180-190 microm/sec), and high flagellum beating frequency (10-12 Hz). In contrast, the spermatozoa in 310 mM sucrose solution showed scarce motility (13.5 +/- 3.8 microm/sec) and low beating frequency (1.5 +/- 0.4 Hz). It is proposed that the volcano mouse spermatozoa possess some features very similar to other mammalian spermatozoa and that bicarbonate triggers caudal epididymal sperm motility of this species. J. Exp. Zool. 287:316-326, 2000.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Anesthesia and the postoperative period in non-urgent tracheal surgery. Apropos of 36 patients].

The authors report 36 cases of resection and suture for stenosis or tumour of the trachea and give details of their technique of anaesthesia, the post-operative follow-up and their results. The development of fiber endoscopy and simplification of intubation, increases the security of the patient, facilitates the task of the anaesthetist and thus improves greatly the operative conditions and post-operative period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[The property of protein A affinity membrane cartridge and purification of IgG from human plasma].

A new protein A affinity membrane based on composite matrix formed by covalent cross-linking of the glycidyl methylacrylate to softwood cellulose fiber was developed. The study focused on the physical properties and adsorption capacity of the affinity membrane cartridge. The results showed that the relationship between flow-rate and backpressure was linear. When flow-rate was 3 mL/min, backpressure attained 160 kPa. The effects of IgG mass concentration and sampling flow-rate on the binding capacity by protein A cartridge were studied for the optimum purification of IgG. A 21.7 mg/g dry matrix of maximum dynamic binding capacity for IgG was obtained by dynamic adsorption. The cartridge was loaded with human plasma to test its ability to fractionate IgG. The IgG purified from human plasma was analysed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The results showed that the protein A affinity membrane cartridge had high selectivity for IgG from human plasma. The purity of IgG from human plasma purified by the immobilized protein A membrane cartridge was over 98%. The fast-flow property of the membrane cartridge made from such a matrix and its simplicity in operation provide effective means for purifying immunoglobulins on a relatively large scale.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental study of visual projection specificity in microphthalm and monophthalm embryos and adults of Gallus domesticus L].

Research was carried out into the visual projections of embryos and chickens of Gallus domesticus L. who had undergone early optic vesicle removal and into microphthalmy or monophthalmy with ipsilateral optic fibres resulting from such removal. The architectonics of primary visual centres (nuclei ectomamillaris, geniculatus lateralis, lateralis anterior superficialis synencephali, griseus tectalis and the tectum opticum superficiale) and of the isthmo-opticus nucleus were compared with the architectonics of the same centres in anophthalms. From this research it can be seen that:--1. Optic fibres coming from limited ocular formation in microphthalms can reach the ectomamillaris nucleus in most cases and sustain existence; they may reach the tectum opticum without playing a qualitatively discernable morphogenetic role and act upon the isthmo-opticus nucleus. For these microphthalms, the nuclei lateralis anterior, geniculatus lateralis, superficialis synencephali and griseus tectalis are comparable to those of anophthalms. 2. Ipsilateral optic fibers can develop and show the same specificity and morphogenetic function as the microphthalms' optic fibres. 3. After hatching, some anophthalms shows an isthmo-opticus nucleus with scores of neurons. In general, observations during this research have shown that the specificity of microphthalms' optic fibres and ipsilateral optic fibres remain strictly the same whatever the operation under consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Recording the bladder electromyogram for bladder activity evaluation during post-operative urinary urgency.

When the intravesical pressure cannot be measured because of continuous drainage, bladder electromyography is an alternative means of evaluating the functional condition of the urinary bladder. However, many problems that accompany this procedure have not been solved. In the present study we tried bladder electromyography with a newly-developed carbon fiber electrode in a patient who underwent an open prostatectomy. It was helpful in recognizing the relationship between urinary urgency and the spasmic activity of the vesicular detrusor muscle.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Enhancement of biofilm formation onto surface-modified hollow-fiber membranes and its application to a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor.

Surface-modified hollow-fiber membranes were prepared by radiation-induced grafting of an epoxy-group-containing monomer, glycidylmethacrylate (GMA), onto a polyethylene-based fiber (PE-fiber). The epoxy ring of GMA was opened by introduction of diethylamine (DEA). The bacterial adhesivity to this material (DEA-fiber) was tested by immersion into a nitrifying bacterial suspension. The initial adhesion rates and the amount of attached bacteria of the DEA-fiber were 6-10-fold and 3-fold greater than those of the PE fiber, respectively. A membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) composed of DEA fibers was developed for partial nitrification with nitrite accumulation. Prior to the nitrification test, it was confirmed that the oxygen supply rate (OSR) was proportional to air pressure up to 100 kPa, allowing easy control of oxygen supply. Stable nitrite accumulation was observed in the partial nitrification test at a fixed oxygen supply throughout the operation period, indicating that oxygen was consumed only by ammonia oxidizers. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that oxygen utilization efficiency (OUE) in the ammonia oxidation process was nearly 100% after 300 h incubation.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructure of the fibrous subaortic "ring" in dogs with discrete subaortic stenosis.

The subaortic fibrous "ring" in Newfoundland dogs with discrete subaortic stenosis is characterized by the presence of large, uni- and multinucleated, rounded connective tissue cells that resemble chondrocytes in several respects. Connective tissue adjacent to these cells is rich in acid mucopolysaccharides, small but cross-banded collagen fibrils, and small, poorly developed elastic fibers. The chondrocyte-like cells contain numerous cisternae of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and prominent Golgi complexes, and they are surrounded by thick, concentrically arranged layers of basement membrane-like material. The differentiation of cellular and extracellular components of connective tissue in subaortic fibrous rings clearly differs in humans and in dogs with discrete subaortic stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Teleradiology using uncompressed DICOM format via exclusive fiber-optic system].

We developed a system for teleradiology using exclusive fiber optics for transferring images formatted in uncompressed DICOM. This system was built up with commercially available machines and software provided from various companies. We are now operating the system with five remote hospitals and have had one year of experience. The current system took advantage of the security and transfer efficiency of exclusive fiber optics. Uncompressed DICOM images were useful for the identification of cases and user-friendly for viewing. The reading room is located in our university hospital, and the location is convenient for consultation and discussion of cases.

Fiber Optic Technology↗
PubMed1989

Enteral nutrition in diabetes mellitus.

In the diabetic insulin deficiency gives rise to a series of special metabolic features which must be taken into consideration in artificial nutrition. Quantitative and temporal harmonization of nutrient intake and endogenous insulin reserve or exogenous insulin administration is more important than the ratio of nutrients. In critical situations, parenteral administration of insulin is to be recommended for specific modulation. If absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue and of nutrients from the intestine is certain, the enteral route is feasible. Continuous nutrient provision via a pump is to be recommended, since blood glucose peaks can be avoided in this way. However, since the comparison of liquid diets with conventional food showed similar postprandial blood glucose profiles, we also regard a bolus application and a conventional subcutaneous insulin treatment regime possible in diabetes mellitus. With newly developed fiber-enriched diets, more favourable effects on metabolism may be achieved in the future.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1987

Pattern formation in the striatum: developmental changes in the distribution of striatonigral neurons.

The striatum of the mammalian forebrain can be divided into 2 compartments, the patches and the matrix. We have investigated embryonic events involved in the formation of these compartments in rats. Early in development, dopamine fibers from the substantia nigra selectively innervate the patches. In the perinatal striatum, we observed a close match between the distributions of striatal cell bodies with axonal projections to the substantia nigra and patches of afferent dopamine fibers. Striatal cells projecting to the nigra are first seen in the ventrolateral striatum at embryonic day (E) 17. Striatonigral cell bodies are distributed homogeneously through the striatum from E18 to 19. At E20 and until postnatal day 4, these cell bodies are organized into discrete patches. After this time, striatonigral cell bodies assume the dense and homogeneous distribution characteristic of the adult striatum. A retrograde tracer injection in the nigra at E18 (during the early period of homogeneous striatonigral distribution) produces a patchy striatonigral distribution if the embryo is not sacrificed until E21. The number of retrogradely labeled striatonigral cell bodies in a midstriatal section, at times immediately before and after the early homogeneous to patchy changeover did not differ significantly. We suggest that the neurons of the patch compartment of the striatum are born first and project to the substantia nigra first. The patch neurons only become restricted to "patchy" areas as the later-born matrix neurons migrate out into the striatum.

Animals↗