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At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Recent reports indicate that SP1, a "pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein", can be used as a biological marker for very early pregnancy and occult abortion. In this investigation, SP1 serum concentrations were measured in the luteal phase of 48 menstrual cycles stimulated for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET). All patients received hMG for ovarian stimulation. Ovulation was induced by beta-hCG and also administered to support the luteal phase. In the 8 pregnancies arising after ET, SP1 (less than 0.5 ng/ml) was not detected before 13 to 19 days after laparoscopy. In contrast, the pregnancy-dependent beta-hCG increase was detectable earlier than SP1 despite the administration of hCG given for luteal support. However, low SP1 readings (0.5-1.1 microgram/ml) as early as 3 days after laparoscopy were observed in 11 cycles without a positive sign of beta-hCG production. Our results suggest that SP1 determinations cannot be used as a marker for occult abortion; also, positive SP1 readings without increase beta-hCG, especially during the early luteal phase after ET, have to be interpreted with caution.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed2002

Improved postimplantation development of rabbit nuclear transfer embryos by activation with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate.

Cloned rabbit embryos are characterized by their extremely poor postimplantation development, despite their high survivability until the blastocyst stage in vitro. This study examined whether the developmental failure of cloned rabbit embryos in vivo can be overcome by technical improvements to the activation protocol. Freshly collected cumulus cells were transferred into enucleated oocytes by intracytoplasmic injection. One to two hours later, the oocytes were activated by electroporation with Ca(2+) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which is known to induce repeated rises in intracellular Ca(2+), as in normal fertilization. After transfer of embryos at the two- to four-cell stages, well-defined implantation sites with remnant fetal tissue were observed at term (day 28) only in the IP3-stimulation groups (0.9% and 5.8% per transferred embryo for single and triple stimulation groups, respectively). When some recipients in the same group were examined at days 16-20, a viable cloned fetus (day 19) with normal organogenesis was obtained. These findings clearly demonstrate that the oocyte activation protocol using IP3 enhances the postimplantation development of nuclear-transferred rabbit embryos.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Adelaide at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia.

A review is presented summarizing the in vitro fertilization experience at the University of Adelaide, Australia. Initial attempts utilizing the normal cycle were unsuccessful in obtaining a pregnancy. Since 1982 the overall ongoing pregnancy rate has been 21% per embryo transfer, 16% per laparoscopy, and 12% per treatment cycle. A detailed description of presently utilized methodology is presented.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, fertilization, and embryo transfer after retrieval of spermatozoa by testicular biopsy from an azoospermic male with testicular tubular atrophy.

OBJECTIVE: To achieve fertilization and cleavage by spermatozoa retrieved by testicular biopsy from a male with testicular tubular atrophy. DESIGN: Clinical trial. SETTING: Private reproductive institute. PATIENT: Azoospermic male with demonstrated testicular tubular atrophy and almost complete spermatogenic arrest. INTERVENTION: Open biopsy retrieval of testicular tissue and sperm followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fertilization and cleavage. RESULTS: One four- to six-cell embryo was formed after intracytoplasmic sperm injection of five eggs with extruded polar bodies by retrieved sperm. CONCLUSION: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection after testicular sperm aspiration may be attempted in cases with severely decreased spermatogenesis and result in fertilization, cleavage, and embryo transfer.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Big Y chromosome not significantly influences outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of big Y chromosome on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. METHODS: Data of 127 cycles of IVF/ICSI-ET, performed in our Reproductive Medicine Center from March 2001 to June 2003 were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the length of chromosome: Group A, 56 cycles with big Y chromosome RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the quality of embryos and in the and Group B, 71 cycles with normal karyotype. rates of fertilization, cleavage, clinical pregnancy, implantation, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, dead infant delivery, malformation, CONCLUSION: Big Y chromosome has no significant influence on the baby boy delivery and baby girl delivery between the two groups. development of embryos and the outcome of pregnancy.

Chromosomes, Human, Y↗

PubMed1987

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in patients with one ovary.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare follicular response and pregnancy rates in patients with one and two ovaries who have undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF). No statistically significant difference was found in serum estradiol levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration, mean number of follicles (greater than 15 mm), mean total number of oocytes recovered, mean number of mature oocytes recovered, or number of pregnancies per transfer. The total number of oocytes recovered in the one- and two-ovary groups was 47 and 123, respectively. There was a significantly greater mean number of immature oocytes recovered (1.5 +/- .03 versus 0.5 +/- 0.2, P less than 0.01) and embryos transferred (2.7 +/- 0.3 versus 1.7 +/- 0.3, P less than .04) in patients with two ovaries. Though not statistically significant, a trend was noted in the two-ovary group for a greater number of pregnancies per transfer (9:25 versus 2:14). The authors conclude that single-ovary patients may have a reduced outcome with IVF compared with patients with two ovaries.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Monitoring gonadotropin-stimulated cycles for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

One hundred fifty-one cycles stimulated with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and/or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed retrospectively to determine the relationship of the monitoring parameters used: serum estradiol (E2), transvaginal sonographic follicular size, and peripheral biologic estrogen response, with harvests and pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Mean +/- SE serum E2 levels were higher on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration in the miscarriage group (689.4 +/- 27.5 pg/ml) than in the nonpregnant group (527.7 +/- 25.8 pg/ml) (P = 0.018) and highest in the ongoing pregnancy group (734.6 +/- 66.5 pg/ml) (P = 0.003). When two or more preovulatory oocytes (preovs) were retrieved, the mean E2 levels were higher (622.3 +/- 27.3 pg/ml) than if zero or one preov was retrieved (378.4 +/- 43.5 pg/ml) (P = 0.001). The mean diameter of the two largest follicles at the time of hCG administration was significantly greater (14.7 mm) in the group with two or more preovs retrieved than in the group with zero or one preov (13.3 mm) (P = 0.001). The relative probability of achieving a pregnancy was best predicted by the presence of two follicles greater than or equal to 16 mm in diameter on transvaginal ultrasound examination and was 1.63 times greater than that of all patients in this series.

Embryo Transfer↗

PubMed1985