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PubMed1986

Analysis of the interferons induced in mice in vivo and in macrophages in vitro by Newcastle disease virus and by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.

C57BL/6 mice or pure cultures of their macrophages were inoculated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or poly(I).poly(C) to induce interferons (IFNs) that were separated on CH-Sepharose 4B columns. The elution profiles of different activity peaks were compared. All preparations induced in vivo showed the same pattern but the relative proportions of the IFN activities varied. In vitro poly(I).poly(C)-induced IFN showed two peaks after separation by the column, and three peaks were found when NDV-induced IFNs were separated. When IFN induced by NDV in vitro was used to determine the molecular weight, activities were observed in three molecular weight ranges. The smallest one with 18,000 daltons was neutralized by anti-IFN-alpha and represented about 7% of the total activity. The activities of molecular weights 24,000 daltons and 29,000-31,000 daltons were neutralized by anti-IFN-beta. Poly(I).poly(C)-induced IFN in vitro showed two molecular weight ranges, 26,000 daltons and 40,000 daltons, and both were neutralized by anti-IFN-beta. IFN induced in serum by NDV at 3 h had molecular weights of 18,000 daltons neutralized by anti-IFN-alpha and 26,000-30,000 daltons neutralized by anti-IFN-beta. Both IFN subtypes were represented at equal quantities. Serum IFN found in the serum after 8 h had three molecular weight ranges: 18,500-19,500 daltons neutralized by anti-IFN-alpha containing 80% of the total IFN amount, 26,000-27,000 daltons, and 38,000 daltons both neutralized by anti-IFN-beta and containing 20% of the IFN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Immune response to Newcastle disease virus in broilers: a useful model for the assessment of detoxification of ervil seeds.

Ervil (Vicia ervilia) seeds are produced in the Mediterranean region and used as a source of protein for cattle and poultry. The methods used to assess the toxic effects of legume seeds in the feed of poultry include the observation of one or more parameters, including abnormal signs, weight gain, feed consumption, gall bladder weight, pancreas weight, pancreas proteolytic and amylase activity, haemolysis of red blood cells, liver weight, liver glutathione level, liver and plasma lipid levels, and plasma lipid peroxide levels. The authors describe the use of quantitative determination of the immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine in broilers as a model that can be used to assess different detoxification treatments of ervil seeds. Broiler chicks fed differently-treated ervil, supplemented as 25% of the diet, at one to four weeks of age and vaccinated intraocularly with live NDV vaccine at eight days of age, showed different immune responses at three weeks post vaccination. Immunosuppression with regards to NDV was apparent in the group of birds raised on untreated ervil supplement, resulting in a mean immune response (titre) of 798.5. Five of the six different treatments of ervil seeds resulted in different degrees of rectification of the immunosuppression, with some broilers reaching a mean NDV immune titre of 2070.6, similar to that obtained in control broilers raised on a basal diet with no ervil seed supplement (mean NDV immune titre of 2333.8; P > 0.05). The five successful treatments of ervil (in increasing order of rectification of immunosuppression in broilers, with mean NDV titres in parentheses) were: ground soaked dried ervil (971.6), ground autoclaved dried ervil (1223.1), soaked autoclaved dried ervil (1273.1), soaked dried ervil (1340.0), and ground-soaked autoclaved dried ervil (2070.6).

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1984

Differentiation of Newcastle disease virus strains by one-dimensional peptide mapping.

One-dimensional peptide mapping was used for the differentiation of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains. Virions were purified in one step, and digested with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease or chymotrypsin without prior separation of their proteins. Peptides were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie blue. This method proved to be a simple, economic and reproducible means of differentiating NDV strains.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1999

Monoclonal antibody based dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) and agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) for identification of Newcastle disease virus (NDV).

Two mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), viz. 2B7 and 2 D10 raised against haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were used to identify several other field isolates and vaccine strains of NDV. These MAbs reacted specifically with all the NDV strains/isolates in Dot-ELISA whereas, only MAb 2D10 reacted with all the NDV strains/isolates in agar gel precipitation test. These two tests employing the MAbs were standardised for rapid diagnosis and identification of NDV.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Antigenic characterization of the nucleocapsid protein of Newcastle disease virus by means of a new panel of monoclonal antibodies.

Nine monoclonal antibodies (MAB) against nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) have been prepared and characterized. All the MABs were classified into three groups by means of the competitive binding assay. At least three antigenic sites were delineated on the NP. The 1st site includes two closely located epitopes; the 2nd site includes two related and two distinct epitopes; the 3rd site includes two closely related and one distinct epitopes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1977

Synthesis of Newcastle disease virus polypeptides in a wheat germ cell-free system.

We have isolated 18S RNA from cytoplasmic extracts of Newcastle disease virus-infected Chinese hamster ovary cells and tested its ability to direct protein synthesis in extracts derived from wheat germ. The products of the cell-free reaction directed by this RNA contain polypeptides that comigrate with NP, M,F, and 47K roteins from virions. In addition, the products contain a polypeptide (67K) that migrates on polyacrylamide gels slightly faster than the HN protein from virions. Tryptic peptide analysis of the cell-free products and proteins from virions confirms their identity.

Cell Line↗