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Results for “Health Promotion”

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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Healthy City Kwachon 21 Project: a community health promotion programme in Korea.

Disease patterns of Koreans changed from infectious disease to non-infectious disease in the 1970's. Even though there has been a need for a health promotion programme, it was hard to find the programme in the community before 1985 in Korea. In 1985, the Public Health Promotion Law was enacted and the Korean government started to encourage local government to plan and conduct community health promotion programs. Healthy City Kwachon 21 (HCK21) is a health promotion programme for all residents in Kwachon, a city which has about 70,000 population and is located adjacent to Seoul, Korea. HCK21 launched in 1998 with three guiding principles: 1) programs should be accessible to all citizens; 2) Programmes should stimulate strong community participation and 3) Programmes should change environment and society. The long term goal of HCK21 is to increase the healthy life span of citizens in Kwachon. HCK21 is a collaborative project between Kwachon and the Institute for Health Promotion of the Graduate School of Health Science and Management, Yonsei University. It has seven components: 1) Publication of Monthly Health Newsletter; 2) Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Prevention Program; 3) Community Nutrition Program; 4) Maternal and Women's Health Programme; 5) Programme for Development of District Health Management Information System; 6) Hypertension Prevention and Control Programme and 7) Physical Activity Programme. HCK21 is now being implemented in the third year program since the program conducted in 1998 and 1999 was successful with received support from the citizens. It is recommended that HCK21 be a model for an integrated community-based health promotion programme in developing countries.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A vision for older adults and health promotion.

Our rapidly aging population is expected to place heavy demands on all segments of society, particularly the health care resources needed to attend to health concerns associated with aging. Is this a looming crisis, as some predict, or a challenge to use resources more wisely and to help older adults and their caregivers share in the responsibility for health promotion and chronic disease self-management activities? Community-based organizations serving older adults are uniquely positioned to augment health care providers' health promotion counseling activities and to bridge the gap between the research and practice of health promotion in older adults. They already play a crucial role by providing appropriate health promotion education, screening and referral, service planning, and reinforcement to facilitate self-care activities and behavior changes that promote healthy aging. By increasing teamwork across the network of services for the aging, the health sector, public and private organizations, and academe, there is a great opportunity to enhance the health and well-being of all older Americans.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Validating the revised Health Belief Model for young families: implications for nurses' health promotion practice.

By modifying the Health Belief Model (HBM) nurses can provide health promotion guidance for families through the revised HBM for young families. The constructs 'perceived behavioral control' and 'behavioral intention' from Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior were added to the HBM to provide a health orientation. An initial qualitative study informed the second quantitative study through thematic data obtained by interviewing parents about family health. The second comparative study of low and high socioeconomic status families of preschool-aged children living in western Sydney, Australia, measured family health through the Parental Health Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ). After a small pilot study, the researcher distributed 150 questionnaires to center directors from preschools, kindergartens and long day care, who then handed out questionnaires to interested parents. Data collection occurred in 1998 with consenting parents returning the questionnaires for collection by the researchers. A convenience sample of 103 was obtained with a 69% return rate. Analysis was undertaken through MANCOVA. Justification for validity occurred through logical analysis and hypothesis testing, based on the literature, while reliability was acknowledged by undertaking Cronbach coefficient alphas on small variable clusters. Results support the constructs 'perceived behavioral control' and 'behavioral intention' in the revised model, suggesting that for families of different socioeconomic background, differences emerge in terms of their perceived control over their child's health and the initiation of health behaviors for their child. Recommendations for further research are for refinement of the PHBQ, new research with different families, and further testing of all the model constructs.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour and health promotion activities: a critical incident analysis.

Patients with head and neck cancer report several disease- and health-related problems before, during and a long time after completed treatment. Nurses have an important role in educating/supporting these patients about/through the disease and treatment so that they can attain well-being. This study describes the cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour in terms of critical incidents after nurses had given them care to promote health. The study had a qualitative, descriptive design and the method used was the critical incident technique. Twenty-one informants from the Nordic countries diagnosed with head and neck cancer were strategically selected. It was explained to the informants what a critical incident implies before the interviews took place; this was defined as a major event of great importance, an incident, which the informants still remember, due to its great importance for the outcome of their health and well-being. The nurses' behaviour was examined, and critical incidents were involved in 208 cases-150 positive and 58 negative ones-the number of incidents varying between three and 20 per informant. The nurses' health promotion activities or lack of such activities based on the patients' disease, treatment and symptoms, consisted of informing and instructing the patients as well as enabling their participation. Personal consideration and the nurses' cognisance, knowledge, competence, solicitude, demeanour and statements of understanding were found to be important. Continuous health promotion nursing interventions were of considerable value for the majority of this group of cancer patients. Oncology nurses could reconfirm and update the care of head and neck cancer patients by including health promotion activities in individual care plans. By more frequent use of health promotion models, such as the empowerment model, the nurses could identify and focus on those individuals who needed to alter their life-style as well as tailor their approach towards these patient by setting goals for well-being and a healthy life-style.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Health promotion interests of women with disabilities.

The number of women with disabilities (WWD) in the United States is substantial and growing. Health promotion education can play a key role in the achievement of optimal health and well-being for this population. A preliminary step in planning educational programs is to identify health promotion topics of interest to this target population. This study surveyed WWD about their interest in health promotion topics and compared their interests by demographic characteristics (i.e., age, employment status, ethnic group, type of disabling condition, and level of disability). The sample population, comprising 604 women with a variety of disabilities, completed a written or online survey. Topic of interest selected were tallied and ranked by order of interest. Topics ranking highest in interest and selected by at least half of the WWD were aging with a disability, stress management, exercise, nutrition, overview of health promotion, and maintaining mental health. Significant health issues not identified included smoking cessation, pregnancy, and osteoporosis. If healthcare providers are aware of the topics that interest WWD, they can better develop educational programs to meet the needs of this vulnerable population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Health promotion. Evolution of a concept.

An examination of the concept of health promotion provides insight into the origins and developmental milestones that have brought us to our current level of application in health care. It is our view that health promotion can occur at any point on the continuum of health and illness. Perhaps it is a semantic struggle that keeps us from movement toward providing the highest quality of health care of which we are capable. The previous examination leads us to contend that there is indeed significant overlap in the intent of the concepts of health promotion and prevention. Further examination of the concept is redundant if our goal is to continue to improve the quality of care. After all, as Nightingale pointed out, our purpose is to do all we can to assist the body in taking care of itself.

Health Education↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Predictors of a health-promoting life-style among well adult clients in a nursing practice.

The self-reported health-promoting life-style (HPL) of 130 well adults in a primary care clinical population was examined in relation to the cognitive/perceptual and sociodemographic factors hypothesized in Pender's Health Promotion Model (1987) to predict this behavior. Subjects were randomly drawn from the clients of a group nurse practitioner practice emphasizing health maintenance. Data were collected by mailed survey (response rate, 59%) with one telephone prompt. The mean age of the subjects was 39.7 years; 72.3% were female; 51.2% were married; 47.7% had college degrees; and 67.4% were white. Blacks were underrepresented in the sample compared to the practice population (chi = 7.56, p = .006). Using multiple regression, the definition of health, importance of health, health locus of control, age, gender, marital status, race, education, income, and rural/urban residence were studied to determine their effects on health-promoting behavior. Results generally supported the Pender Model. Defining health eudiamonistically, that is, as exuberant well-being (rather than adaptive, functional, or absence of disease), predicted HPL. Ranking health above other values such as achievement and harmony had no effect; chance health locus of control had a negative relationship. In the final regression model, predictors of HPL were eudiamonistic conception of health and college education (p = .0001, R2 = 17). Based on this data, considerations of a clients' health conception when framing health-promotion messages is warranted in this population.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Preventing alcohol-related traffic injury: a health promotion approach.

The conditions that give rise to drinking and driving are complex, with multiple and interrelated causes. Prevention efforts benefit from an approach that relies on the combination of multiple interventions. Health promotion provides a useful framework for conceptualizing and implementing actions to reduce drinking and driving since it involves a combination of educational, behavioral, environmental, and policy approaches. This review draws on data from a range of settings to characterize the effectiveness of various interventions embedded within the health promotion approach. Interventions considered part of the health promotion approach include: (1) economic interventions (2) organizational interventions, (3) policy interventions, and (4) health education interventions, including the use of media, school and community education, and public awareness programs. Effective health promotion strengthens the skills and capabilities of individuals to take action and the capacity of groups or communities to act collectively to exert control over the determinants of alcohol-impaired driving. There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of some components of health promotion, including economic and retailer interventions, alcohol taxation, reducing alcohol availability, legal and legislative strategies, and strategies addressing the servers of alcohol. There is also evidence for the effectiveness of sobriety checkpoints, lower BAC laws, minimum legal drinking age laws, and supportive media promotion programs. Other interventions with moderate evidence of effectiveness include restricting alcohol advertising and promotion, and actions involving counter advertising. Health education interventions alone that have insufficient evidence for effectiveness include passive server training programs, school drug and alcohol education programs, community mobilization efforts, and health warnings. Because each intervention builds on the strengths of every other one, ecological approaches to reducing alcohol-impaired driving using all four components of the health promotion model are likely to be the most effective. Settings such as schools, workplaces, cities, and communities offer practical opportunities to implement alcohol-impaired driving prevention programs within this framework.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Health promotion beliefs and practices among pharmacists.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the health promotion beliefs and practices of pharmacists. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail survey. SETTING: Indiana. PARTICIPANTS: Staff pharmacists. METHODS: Of the 1,440 registered Indiana pharmacies, one-half were selected using a systematic random process. Questionnaires were mailed to the 720 selected pharmacies asking one staff pharmacist to complete a 73-item questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 552 pharmacists responded to the questionnaire, providing a 76.7% response rate. The majority of pharmacists believed that 10 of the 20 behaviors encouraged by national health objectives were very important for the average person. There was, however, considerably less agreement among pharmacists about the importance of the other 10 behaviors and practices. Pharmacists' involvement, preparation, and confidence in specific health promotion areas and activities were limited. A number of barriers were cited by respondents that could have hindered pharmacists' involvement in public health education activities. Despite these hindrances, pharmacists appear to be making strides toward providing health promotion education and activities. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists are readily accessible sources of information concerning the importance of needed lifestyle factors on health. They can provide valuable education to patients about improvement of lifestyles as a routine component of pharmaceutical care.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Student nurse opinions about the importance of health promotion practices.

Senior nursing students (N = 505) attending 13 schools in the NY metropolitan area were administered a questionnaire to assess their beliefs about the importance of health promotion behaviors to the average person. Respondents rated 23 health promotion practices on a Likert scale. The five most important items concerned: knowledge of drug contents and their side effects; the elimination of cigarette and cigar smoking; eating a balanced diet; and using a seat belt. The least important item concerned having an annual exercise test. These results were similar to those found for other health care providers, including physicians, dietitians, and pharmacists. Further, the results were similar to those found in an earlier survey of student nurses. Nurses' attitudes and beliefs seem supportive of health promotion and disease prevention. These attitudes also seem associated with the nurse's role as health promoter. Positive nurse attitudes/beliefs toward health promotion are posited as precursors to the alteration of patient behaviors, although further exploration in this area is needed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Health promotion programme in the private workplaces in Singapore: a prevalence survey.

A postal survey was conducted in 4,479 private companies with at least 50 employees in 1998 to determine the prevalence and the scope of workplace health promotion programme in these companies in Singapore. The self-administered questionnaire mailed to the study population covered five areas viz, organisational details, workplace health policies, health promotion and related activities, workplace health facilities and the source of assistance for the programme. The overall response was 49.5%. Parkinson's definition of workplace health promotion was used in the analysis to determine the prevalence of the programme. The data was collated on DBase IV and analysed using SPSS computer programmes. About one third of the respondents covering an estimated 26% of the private sector workforce had a comprehensive workplace health promotion programme as defined by Parkinson. This prevalence was a function of workforce size and industry type. Workplaces with larger workforce size (p<0.001) and those from the manufacturing and human/health service sectors (p<0.001) were more likely to have such programmes compared to their smaller counterparts and other industries respectively. The management remained the main driver behind these programmes. Many of the programmes were centred around health promoting policies and facilities with emphasis on occupational healthl safety and smoking issues. A significant proportion of workplaces surveyed had in place a comprehensive workplace health promotion programme. However, more could still be done to encourage its uptake such as training for facilitators, consultation, grant provision etc. Small workplaces remained an untapped market for such programmes.

Chi-Square Distribution↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of participation in health promotion on medical costs: a reconsideration of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether participation in a comprehensive worksite health promotion program was associated with reduced employee health care costs. DESIGN: Four independent study groups, two treatment and two comparison, were identified based on type and date of first participation in the intervention. Two years of pre-program health cost data and five years of post-program data were collected for each subject. The Jonckheere-Terpstra statistical test was used to analyze the data. SETTING: The health promotion program was offered at Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana corporate headquarters. The study period began on January 1, 1976, and continued through December 31, 1982. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred and forty-three men and women employed continuously by Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana throughout a seven-year period were studied. INTERVENTION: The health promotion program consisted of four progressive phases which involved 1) health risk reduction mass education, 2) completion of a health risk appraisal and risk reduction counseling, 3) health promotion classes such as smoking cessation and nutrition education, and 4) follow-up and maintenance. MEASURES: The principal dependent variable was pre-program to post-program changes in health costs as measured by employee health care expense claims paid for by the company's health insurance plan. RESULTS: This study found that program participation was not associated with reduced health care costs. CONCLUSIONS: It would be prudent to remain guarded about the health cost savings effects of worksite health promotion programs.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Diversity of the local voluntary associations' involvement in cardiovascular disease prevention and health promotion programmes with respect to their mission].

The participation of institutions and organizations from outside the health sector such as self-governments, schools and non-governmental organizations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and health promotion programmes has been growing. In the context of the significant contributing of the socioeconomic status into health the involvement of social service institutions and organizations in these programmes should be regarded as vital for their efficiency and effectiveness. The article attempts to identify the factors which explain the differences in the level of involvement in the CVD prevention and health promotion programmes between organizations which have the mission to improve the health of community and these ones which are orientated towards the delivery of social services. Data for the analysis are taken from the study which covered 1333 local voluntary associations with various missions. They were collected by means of mail questionnaire. The findings of the study show that organizations with the mission--"helping needy people" are involved in unformalized preventive activities towards CVD risk factors, like cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, the lack of skills to cope with stress, unhealthy diet and low physical activity, to the similar extent as organizations with "health improvement" as a leading aim. However the participation of both types of associations in comprehensive CVD prevention and health promotion programmes is significantly different. The analysis of the factors which determine the participation in such programmes did not allow to indicate "objective" conditions explaining this difference. However there are some premises which direct the attention towards the factors "subjective" by their nature. The results show that the barriers of social service organizations' involvement in CVD prevention and health promotion programmes lie probably in the specific mentality of their active members.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗

PubMed1988

Mental health promotion in the local community service centres in Quebec.

The definition of the concepts of mental health and mental health promotion have been much discussed in Quebec for a number of years. The authors of this article present their point of view on the role the Local Community Service Centres (LCSCs) could play in implementing a mental health action plan. On the basis of a definition of the concepts of mental health and mental health promotion and an outline of the goals and objectives of mental health promotion, the authors discuss certain areas of intervention for the various sectors of practice in the LCSCs. Their article closes with some cautions about the limitations of health promotion in the LCSCs.

Community Mental Health Centers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The evolving concept of worksetting health promotion.

It is clear that the seeds for worksetting health promotion were planted long ago. Development can be attributed to three historical bases--health education, employee assistance, and health screening programs. This article provides a historical review of these activities and describes the evolution of workplace health promotion programming.

Health Education↗

PubMedDate not supplied

An exploration of health concerns & health-promotion behaviors in pregnant women over age 35.

PURPOSE: To explore the specific health concerns and health-promotion behaviors of childbearing women 35 years of age or older. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Semistructured interviews with women ( = 50) ages > or =35 in their third trimester of pregnancy. Interviews lasted approximately 1 hour, were conducted by two nursing faculty, and were scheduled to accommodate participant needs. Process recording was used to document participant responses. Verbatim statements were recorded, and subjects were redirected to clarify responses when necessary. Content analysis and coding were completed by an independent researcher, based upon techniques derived from Miles and Huberman (1994). Data reduction was accomplished by the identification of categories of responses that described the participants' meaning. RESULTS: Study participants reported concerns reflecting both fetal well-being and maternal health-related issues. The majority of childbearing women (86%) reported engaging in multiple health-promotion behaviors focusing on daily nutritional intake, lifestyle activities, and rest patterns. Participants reported conscientious decisions to eliminate substances recognized as harmful, and to alter exercise, employment, or daily responsibilities to accommodate physical changes during pregnancy. Participants were "proactive healthcare seekers," accessing information from a variety of sources and seeking services to meet their individualized needs. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The multitude and frequency of health-promotion behaviors adopted by those > or =35 years of age during pregnancy is indicative of this group's ability to independently initiate change, and exceeds the percentages previously reported. The nurse can be influential in supporting lifestyle modifications adopted during the childbearing period as permanent health-promotion behaviors.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Changing health practices: the experience from a worksite health promotion project.

This paper uses data from an employee health promotion project for government employees to examine initial health practices and their relationship to social and demographic variables. It then uses data collected one year later to examine changes in health behaviors and to try to explain what types of people are most likely to undertake health behavior changes in a year, within the context of a worksite health promotion project. Most people in this sample of employees do make positive changes in health habits in at least one of the following areas: smoking, seatbelt usage, diet, exercise, alcohol usage. While a variety of different social and demographic variables are important in explaining initial differences in health practices, these same variables along with measures of personal efficacy and job stress are poor predictors of whether people change their health behavior over a year. Future research might usefully focus on more detailed collection of qualitative data to help understand what factors motivate people to change health behavior. Future survey approaches may then incorporate broader and more diverse categories of explanatory variables into regression models.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancing health knowledge, health beliefs, and health behavior in Poland through a health promoting television program series.

This study examined the impact of a health promoting television program series on health knowledge and the key factors of the health belief model (HBM) that have led people to engage in healthy behavior (exercising, losing weight, changing eating habits, and not smoking/quitting smoking). Using data from a posttest comparison field study with 15) viewers and 146 nonviewers in Poland, we found that hierarchical regression analysis showed stronger support for the HBM factors of efficacy, susceptibility, seriousness, and salience in their contribution toward health behavior among television viewers compared with nonviewers. Cues to action variables (including television viewing) and health knowledge boosted efficacy among viewers. Without the advantage of receiving health information from the television series, nonviewers relied on their basic disease fears on one hand, and interest in good health on the other to take steps toward becoming healthier. A health promoting television series can increase health knowledge and enhance health beliefs, which in turn contribute to healthy behaviors.

Adolescent↗