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Results for “Root Resorption”

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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Periodontal regeneration following use of ABM/P-1 5: a case report.

ABM/P-15 is a combination of a natural anorganic bovine-derived hydroxyapatite matrix (ABM) and a synthetic cell-binding peptide (P- 15; PepGen P- 15) that has shown the capacity to encourage substantial clinical fill of periodontal infrabony defects. Human histology following its use has not been evaluated on pathologic root surfaces. A maxillary lateral incisor with advanced adult periodontitis that was treatment planned for extraction was treated with sulcular incisions, full-thickness flap reflection, debridement of granulomatous tissue from the defect, placement of a notch in the root at the apical extent of calculus, mechanical root planing, brief cleansing with citric acid, grafting with ABM/P-15, wound closure with sutures, and placement of a periodontal dressing. Biweekly to monthly recalls were made until removal of a small block section biopsy at about 6 months. Histologic evaluation of the region coronal to the apical edge of the calculus notch showed evidence of regeneration (new cementum, bone, and periodontal ligament). Graft particles were still present at 6 months, but no evidence of root resorption, ankylosis, or untoward inflammation was seen. This case report fulfills the proof of principle that use of ABM/P-15 can result in periodontal regeneration on previously diseased root surfaces in humans.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed1999

Surgical extrusion of crown-root-fractured teeth: a clinical review.

AIM: In this clinical study combined surgical and endodontic treatment was performed in 20 cases of crown-root fracture and the outcomes reviewed. METHODOLOGY: Surgical treatment involved a conventional extraction and stabilization technique. Root canal treatment using calcium hydroxide was performed. Before root canal obturation, a calcium hydroxide dressing was maintained for 3 months. RESULTS: Follow-up examinations, which varied between 6 and 36 (mean 14.5) months, showed that there were no radiographic and clinical signs of progressive root resorption, marginal bone loss or periapical disease in all except one case. CONCLUSIONS: The favourable results of this study demonstrate that surgical extrusion in teeth with crown-root fractures may be an alternative treatment to orthodontic extrusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Periodontal regeneration via selective cell repopulation.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the histogenesis of periodontal regeneration using the principle of selective and guided cell repopulation of the root surface. A fenestration model, developed in the squirrel monkey, made it possible to exclude gingival epithelium and connective tissue and promote cell repopulation of the denuded root surface from the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Experimental and sham-operated control sites were compared histometrically after 3, 7, 14 and 35 days of healing. The results indicated that new cementum, bone and periodontal ligament formation occurred by the 14th day and that regeneration of the fenestration wound was almost complete by Day 35. Root resorption and ankylosis were observed in both experimental and sham-operated controls. There was significantly more periodontal regeneration in the experimental sites, which favored cell repopulation of the root surface from the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.

Alveolar Process↗

PubMed1976

A quantitative comparison of paralleling long-cone and bisection-of-angle periapical radiography.

Quantitative data permit the variability comparison of crown-root ratios computed from periapical films of a single central incisor taken by five technicians using the bisection-of-angle and the paralleling long-cone techniques. The paralleling long-cone technique produces significantly less distortion and is less variable. It is the method of choice for assessing natural root resorption and resorption due to orthodontic therapy.

Humans↗

PubMed2000

Histologic evaluation of periodontal healing in humans following regenerative therapy with enamel matrix derivative. A 10-case series.

BACKGROUND: Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been developed as a stimulus of periodontal regeneration. Human histology following its use has not been evaluated on pathologically altered root surfaces. METHODS: Ten intrabony defects in 8 patients were evaluated at 2 centers. Teeth with advanced adult periodontitis that were treatment planned for extraction were treated with sulcular incisions; full-thickness flap reflection; debridement of granulomatous tissue from the defect; placement of a notch in the root at the apical extent of calculus; mechanical root planing; conditioning with citric acid; application of EMD; wound closure with sutures; and placement of a periodontal dressing. Biweekly to monthly recalls were made until removal of small block section biopsies at about 6 months. The biopsies were fixed, decalcified, step-serial sectioned at 6 microns to 8 microns, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin or Masson's trichrome. RESULTS: Histologic evaluation of the region coronal to the base of the calculus notch showed evidence of regeneration (new cementum, new bone, and new periodontal ligament) in 3 specimens, new attachment (connective tissue attachment/adhesion only) in 3 specimens, and a long junctional epithelium in 4 specimens. No evidence of root resorption, ankylosis, or untoward inflammation was seen. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study fulfill the proof of principle that use of EMD can result in periodontal regeneration on previously diseased root surfaces in humans, but on an inconsistent basis.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Autotransplantation of teeth].

This article gives a review of autotransplantation of teeth. From being a method of rather poor prognosis, autotransplantation has developed to be a safe treatment procedure. Scientific criteria for selecting patients, donor teeth, surgical procedures and postoperative care has contributed to this. The surgical procedure and the endodontic treatment are discussed. The degree of root development is of importance. Complications may be extern root resorption and ankylosis because of damage to the periodontium.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

Histological observations of periradicular healing following root canal treatment.

The purpose of this study was to observe histologically the sequence of events leading to resolution of periradicular tissues, with a view to advancing the perception of periapical healing. Our material consisted of periapical specimens obtained from 15 single-rooted, endodontically treated teeth of patients aged 25-40 years. All the teeth required extraction because of complicated crown-root fracture following trauma, iatrogenic aetiology (cervical root resorption following bleaching) or extensive carious lesions. The patients were informed that, based on their clinical condition, surgical procedures should be performed under flap reflection in order to extract the fractured root. Informed consent, which was necessary for the surgery, was obtained in all cases. A small block section containing the apical root tip and surrounding periapical tissues was removed prior to root extraction. The results of histological examination revealed osteoblastic activty and osteoid bone formation six days after the root canal instrumentation. Periapical tissue healing was observed despite the presence of overfilled material. The lining epithelium was infiltrated with chronic inflammatory cells and surrounded by collagen bundles and newly formed bone.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Retrospective case series analysis of the factors determining immediate implant placement.

Implant placement at the time of extraction has become an acceptable treatment option. The formation of a restorative treatment plan frequently requires the removal of questionable and hopeless teeth. This retrospective case series analysis reports the reasons for tooth removal before immediate implant placement and provides a rationale for removing questionable and hopeless teeth. Root length is also analyzed as related to tooth loss. Between September 1986 and December 1998, 460 teeth were removed from 282 patients. Reasons for removal were advanced periodontal disease, endodontic complications, nonrestorable caries, roots fractures, short roots (< 14 mm in length), root resorption, and loosened posts. Implants were placed at the time of extraction. Tallies, frequency distributions, and percentages were used to determine individual and multiple reasons for extraction. For teeth with short roots, computerized measurements were made from periapical x-rays. Advanced periodontal disease and restored endodontically treated teeth with posts were the primary reasons for tooth extraction. Dental implants replaced 305 maxillary and 155 mandibular teeth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Bone maintenance: implant versus transplant.

Bone maintenance based on various attachment mechanisms is the key to tooth-root replacement safety and efficacy. The dental implant has broad applicability based on design, but demonstrates progressive peri-implant bone loss. The allogeneic tooth transplant, significantly less applicable because of size, is antigenic and rejected by bone-replacement root resorption. Since the predictability and survival times of these implant and transplant modalities are similar and there is less residual bone loss with the transplant, it is suggested that for clinical situations such as the fresh extraction socket, where there is room, the allotransplant, rather than implant, is the root-replacement of choice.

Alveolar Process↗

PubMed1999

pH changes and calcium ion diffusion from calcium hydroxide dressing materials through root dentin.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Ca2+ and OH- diffusion properties through root dentin by using different calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing materials. Twenty-eight single-rooted teeth were instrumented and external defects were created on the root surface. 17% EDTA was used to eliminate the smear layer. All surfaces except the external defects were sealed, and the teeth were placed in normal saline. Ca2+ concentrations and the pH in the saline were determined for 3 days as the control period. After removing the teeth from normal saline, they were filled with: (i) DT Temporary Dressing CH; (ii) CH powder and normal saline; (iii) TempCanal; and (iv) CH points. The teeth were then placed in normal saline, and Ca2+ concentrations and pH values were measured at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Nonsetting CH pastes gradually released Ca2+, whereas this increase was absent from CH points. None of the test materials induced a pH increase in the media during the observation period. This study demonstrated that, when nonsetting CH pastes are applied to the root canal, diffusion of Ca2+ without an increase in pH to the surrounding media occurs. This implies that these type of material are more suitable than CH points for treatment of external root resorption.

Calcium Hydroxide↗

PubMed1989

[Orthodontic treatment of a dilacerated maxillary central incisor].

A case is presented in which orthodontic treatment was applied to correct the axial inclination of a dilacerated maxillary central incisor. Also, it is considered that after a 24 month clinical and post-operative radiographic follow-up of the case the vitality of the tooth is maintained and the root resorption avoided.

Dental Pulp Devitalization↗

PubMed1997

Recurrence of mandibular molar furcation defects following citric acid root treatment and coronally advanced flap procedures.

This report concerns long-term (4 to 5 years) clinical evaluation of 22 resolved (complete bone closure) mandibular Class 2 furcation defects following coronally advanced flap procedures and citric acid root treatment with or without adjunctive implantation of freeze-dried, demineralized allogeneic bone. Sixteen buccal furcation sites in 12 patients were available for the follow-up evaluation. The furcation involvement was independently evaluated by a panel of three examiners, each using three furcation index systems. Oral hygiene standards, gingival health, probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, tooth vitality, and detectable caries or root resorption were also recorded. Mean attachment level at the furcation sites was 5.8 +/- 2.9 mm, compared to 4.5 +/- 2.2 mm and 3.5 +/- 1.3 mm over the prominence of the mesial and distal roots, respectively. The clinical examination further revealed that 12 out of 16 sites exhibited recurrent Class 2 furcation involvement. Of the 16 teeth examined, one had received endodontic treatment, while the remaining 15 responded within the normal range to pulp testing. One tooth had developed caries in the furcation region. No teeth demonstrated periradicular pathology. The results of this study question the long-term stability of furcation bone regeneration following coronally advanced flap procedures.

Bone Transplantation↗

PubMed2000

[The use of glass ionomer cements in endodontics].

Glass ionomer cements are currently used in endodontic therapy for sealing root canals (orthogradely and retrogradely), for sealing and restoring the pulp chamber, for repairing perforations and root resorption defects, and, rarely, for treating vertically fractured teeth. The successful use of these cements is the result of their particular characteristics: a chemical bond to dentin, which enhances the seal of the root canal and the reinforcement of the tooth; a good biocompatibility in the periradicular area and a fluoride release without loss of strength of the material. The fluoride release imparts an antimicrobial effect to combat root canal infection and attributes to bone mineralization after surgery. The present paper reviews the literature regarding the various applications of glass ionomer cements in present-day endodontics.

Dental Leakage↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Histological observations of teeth and peridental tissues in cleidocranial dysplasia imply increased activity of odontogenic epithelium and abnormal bone remodeling.

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a heritable generalized bone dysplasia presenting with a variety of dental abnormalities. To delineate morphological features of the dental tissues, we have analyzed histologically the structure of teeth and peridental tissues obtained from four CCD patients. Dentin appeared regular, except when formed in response to caries, physiological attrition or root resorption. Both acellular and cellular cementum were present in deciduous teeth, whereas in permanent teeth, cellular cementum was virtually lacking and acellular cementum was partially hyperplastic. Enamel pearls were seen in the furcations of one deciduous and one permanent molar. The roots of most deciduous teeth were resorbed only to a slight extent. Morphologically, supernumerary teeth resembled their normal counterparts. Denticles as well as epithelial cell clusters were occasionally present in the root pulps of deciduous teeth. In the peridental tissues, epithelium was locally abundant, and the cytokeratin profile confirmed its odontogenic origin. While the organization pattern of the alveolar bone matrix related to unshed deciduous teeth and unerupted permanent teeth varied, woven bone was abundant. Both formative and resorption surfaces were seen. Also, reversal lines were prominent, suggesting that the bone had, in fact, undergone remodeling. While no direct association between the aberrant bone morphology and the multifarious histological abnormalities of dental tissues can be established, the local abundance of odontogenic epithelium in peridental tissues of developing/unerupted as well as fully developed teeth may be causally related to the formation of excess acellular cementum, enamel pearls and supernumerary teeth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Evaluation of different types of autotransplanted connective tissues as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. An experimental replantation study in monkeys.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate connective tissue autotransplants as potential periodontal ligament substitutes. Green Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) were used. Maxillary permanent central incisors were extracted, root filled extraorally and the periodontal ligament removed from the root surface and the socket wall. Two circular cavities were prepared mesially and distally on the root surface. Different types of connective tissue autotransplants were then placed in these cavities, whereafter the teeth were replanted. The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after replantation and the replanted teeth were examined histometrically. The connective tissue autotransplants were then examined for their capability of preventing root resorption or inducing or forming a new periodontal ligament, including periodontal fibers and cementum. Autotransplanted cutaneous and mucosal connective tissue as well as periosteum and fascia were all found to partially prevent ankylosis by forming a fibrous barrier between the root surface and the alveolus. However, no new cementum was formed. Periodontal ligament transplants, dental follicular tissue and possibly gingival connective tissue were the only tissues capable of both preventing ankylosis and forming a hard tissue on the surface of the cavity with a morphology similar to cementum. It is concluded that cementogenesis requires a highly specialized connective tissue. In this experiment, only odontogenic tissues had this capacity.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Outcome of wisdom tooth germ transplantation].

In 68 patients, 79 tooth germs of the third molar were transplanted. Out of this group, 43 patients with 50 transplantations under-went a follow-up examination. All surgery was performed by one surgeon. Retrospectively, we tried to establish whether the success of postoperative healing depends on the donor and receiver regions. Crossing the jaw border clearly worsens the prognosis for transplantation. Altogether 9 transplantations turned out to be failures, 7 of which had been transplanted from the upper to the lower jaw. The results of this investigation showed incomplete root development in 34%, the necessity of endodontic treatment in 6% and enlarged periodontal pockets in 8%. Ankylosed teeth were found in 10%; we did not see any root resorptions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Effects of the argon laser on primary tooth pulpotomies in swine.

This study evaluated the clinical, radiographic, and histologic effects of the HGM PC Oralase argon laser on vital pulps of swine teeth. Pulpotomies were performed in vivo on 42 primary teeth from three young pigs and observed for 7 or 60 days. For each time period nine experimental teeth received an argon laser dose of 1 W, 2 sec (24.88 J/cm2), and nine experimental teeth received a dose of 2 W, 2 sec (49.74 J/cm2). Controls consisted of three teeth for each time period and did not receive exposure from the argon laser. There were no significant differences noted between the two energy densities with respect to clinical, radiographic, or histological parameters for either time period. All soft tissues remained normal and all teeth exhibited normal mobility at weekly assessments. Other than physiologic root resorption, there were no differences in pre- and postoperative radiographs in the 7 day sample; calcifications coinciding to dentinal bridges were visible radiographically in 8 of the 60-day samples. Reparative dentin formation was noted histologically in a total of 9 roots in the 7-day group and in 13 roots in the 60-day group. With the exception of teeth which had early restoration loss with resultant bacterial contamination, all other pulps appeared to retain their vitality and capability of normal pulpal healing. Use of the argon laser at the parameters described in this study did not appear to be detrimental to pulpal tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Survival rate of desmodontal cells in relation to their extraoral dehydration].

The success of tooth replantation following traumatic avulsion depends to a large degree on the vitality of periodontal ligament cells which remain on the root surface. Loss of vitality promotes root resorption. In this study 124 freshly extracted teeth, only front teeth and premolars, were stored in dry environment for periods of 10 to 150 min. The vitality of the residual periodontal ligament tissue was tested by means of the fluorescein-diacetate reaction. The root area covered by vital tissue decreased to 90% after 30 min and to 70% after 45 min of dry storage. Between 60 and 90 min after extraction the vital tissue area decreased rapidly to about 10%.

Adolescent↗