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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Relationship of triceps surae torques to photographed tibia-calcaneum angles in man (II).

A previous paper described an apparatus and method for giving the relationship between triceps surae torque and the tibia-calcaneum angle. As a first approximation we took the angle between the calcaneum and the foot-plate as being invariable in all subjects, when the torque was zero. The aim of the present work is to measure the inter-individual variations of the angle. 1. Guide-marks are selected on the skin; showing the axes of the calcaneum and of the leg. Metal rods indicate the axes thus defined and the true angle between the leg and the calcaneum is measured by photography. The curves drawn from these true angles differ from the preceding curves by 0 degrees to 10 degrees for normal children and +12 degrees to -15 degrees for cerebral palsied children. 2. The photographic method verifies the exactitude of the trigonometrical method of correcting angles that we proposed in the previous paper.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1981

Effects on torque angle curve of differences between the recorded tibia-calcaneal angle and the true anatomical angle.

The present study gives the results of a comparison of the recorded and true tibia-calcaneal angles in 17 normal subjects and in 14 patients with abnormally hypoextensible non contracting triceps. 1. For a minimal passive torque, the difference between true and recorded angles varied considerably from one individual to another. The mean and ranges for the two groups were respectively: -8 degrees (+7 degrees, -21 degrees) and -7 degrees (+5 degrees, -20 degrees). 2. When the passive torque increased as a result of slow passive lengthening of the muscle, the true curve was steeper than the recorded one, owing to differences between the two angle measurements. For each of the two groups the differences in means and ranges were respectively: 6 degrees (0 degrees, +13.5 degrees) and 8 degrees (3 degrees, 12 degrees). 3. Subjects made isometric voluntary contractions of the triceps surae at fixed angles which corresponded to step by step muscle lengthening. The resulting true curve was much steeper than the recorded curve. The differences in means and ranges were: 7 degrees (1.5 degrees, +15 degrees) in children of the two groups and respectively 3 degrees (0 degrees, +9 degrees) and 12 degrees (10 degrees, 14 degrees) in adults of the two groups. The present results show that this methodology was the only reliable way of correctly obtaining passive and active torque-angle curves, measuring differences between subjects, appreciating the effects of treatments and these by ascertaining whether or not trophic muscle regulation was defective.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reaming versus non-reaming in medullary nailing: interference with cortical circulation of the canine tibia.

Medullary nails have only been used with reluctance in the treatment of open fractures since reaming interferes with the cortical circulation. The technique of interlocking offers the interesting possibility of inserting a relatively stiff nail which does not necessarily require reaming. The effects of reaming prior to nail insertion upon the cortical circulation was investigated in the canine tibia. Intravital staining with procion red was used to trace areas of disturbed circulation. Nail insertion without reaming provided clear advantages for the bone's blood supply, while reaming disturbed perfusion in two-thirds of the cortical area and regionally extended through the entire thickness of the cortex. The disturbance without reaming was limited to the inner layer of the cortex and involved only one-third of the cortical cross-section.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Brodie's abscess in a tibia dating from the Neolithic period.

Radiological and macroscopic characteristics typical of Brodie's abscess were observed in inferior metaphysis of a tibia estimated to be 5,000 years old. The use of rigorous anatomico-radiological criteria in studies of bone paleopathology can provide the doctor with accurate data regarding diseases of the past in bone specimens rarely at their disposal. This approach is also necessary to obtain valid data for paleontologists, prehistorians and archeologists.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

A strain-gauge study of the effect of external fixation on the canine tibia.

Electrical resistance rosette strain gauges bonded directly to the surface of the midshaft of the normal canine tibia were utilized to study the effect of the AO external skeletal fixator on the magnitude and orientation of the peak strain values recorded during locomotion. The application of the fixator in a single lateral bar configuration resulted in a significant decrease in surface bone strain magnitude but in only minor changes in the orientation of those strains. However, in only one of three dogs tested did the addition of a second external connecting bar result in significant further decreases in bone strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgical repair of rabbit tibia osteotomy using isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate.

Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate was employed in the surgical repair of the osteotomized rabbit tibia in vivo. Union occurred at 24.3 +/- 3.1 days postoperatively when the adhesive had been used, compared with 35.5 +/- 3.6 days when no intervention was implemented. Healing of the osteotomy was not aided by external fixation or immobilization in either case. The results indicate the feasibility of using isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate in the repair of load-bearing bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Electron microscopic localization of lactate dehydrogenase in osteoclasts of chick embryo tibia.

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was localized in osteoclasts of fixed and unfixed 19-day chick embryo tibias using a copper ferrocyanide capture reaction and osmiophilic polymer generation. This study revealed that: (I) LDH activity in fixed, briefly rinsed osteoclasts was associated principally with limiting membranes of cytoplasmic vacuoles and vesicles and with the plasma membrane; (2) LDH activity in unfixed osteoclasts was associated only with mitochondria; and (3) some mitochondria were stained in fixed tissue given a long rinse. These results indicate that: cytoplasmic LDH diffused out of unfixed tissue; mitochondrial LDH was inactivated by formaldehyde in fixed tissue; and formaldehyde-inhibited mitochondrial LDH can be reactivated by a long rinse. Although the vesicles that stained for LDH activity were found in all parts of the cell, they were concentrated near the ruffled border, and there is evidence that they contained material from the bone surface. These results suggest that the LDH associated with cytoplasmic vesicles of the osteoclasts may be important in processing of material resorbed from the bone surface and that osteoclasts mitochondria may utilize lactate from the bone fluid for energy production.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

99mTc-MDP extraction in relation to 81mKr perfusion following a partial osteotomy in the dog tibia.

The bone mineral extraction of technetium-99m-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP), and blood supply of Krypton-81m (81mKr) have been compared in normal and osteotomy regions of the canine tibia. A partial osteotomy was carried out under aseptic conditions, and isotopic measurements made over a period of 123 days. Both blood flow and bone mineral extraction increase after a partial osteotomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Minor tibial duplication: a new cause of congenital bowing of the tibia.

Five infants presented with a congenital anterolateral, unilateral bowing of the tibia. The fibula was normal but a bifid homolateral great toe was seen, associated with hand malformations. Plain films and CT disclosed a short tibial duplication, with distinct corticals. We do think that this abnormality represents a new entity, and may be related to a genetic anomaly. The long term follow up of our patients shows a spontaneously favourable prognosis without any association with pseudarthrosis. The only therapeutic problem is a limb length discrepancy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Lack of chondroitin sulphate epitope in the proliferating zone of the growth plate of chicken tibia.

Monoclonal antibodies specific to chondroitin sulphate (CS-56) and keratan sulphate (AH12) were used to localize proteoglycans in the proximal tibial articular cartilage and growth plate of broiler chickens. There was no CS-56 labelling in the proliferative zone of the growth plate. In contrast, intense labelling with this antibody was observed in the transitional and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate and the articular cartilage. This was confirmed by extracting chondroitin sulphate fractions from different zones of the growth plate and articular cartilage, and examining their antigenicities to CS-56 by ELISA inhibition assay. It was suggested that the maturation of chondrocytes in the growth plate is related to the production of chondroitin sulphate with CS-56 epitope, which may be a prerequisite for normal endochondral bone formation in the chicken tibia. The role of chondroitin sulphate recognized by CS-56 in the articular cartilage is unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

["Adamantinoma" of the tibia and reactive bone changes (author's transl)].

A case of "adamantinoma" of the tibia is reported. 10 years ago a giant tumor with fibrous dysplasia had been diagnosed in a biopsy taken from the same site of cystic bone changes. These findings may occur as reaction in the periphery of "adamantinomas" of long bones. By this experience the importance was emphasized, to obtain tissue from the center portion of the tumor to include the typical epithelial islets pathognomonic for "adamantinomas", which in our case, were found only 10 years after the first operation. Our patient was treated by curetting and filling of the defect with bony splinters. At this time, 8 months after surgery, he is without complaints and in full use of his diseased leg.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1983

A correlation analysis between bone formation rate and bioelectric potentials in rabbit tibia.

The origin of the bioelectric potentials in unstressed living bones is still an open question. Blood-flow in vessels, stationary potentials on peripheral nerves, muscle injury potentials, and viability of bone cells are claimed to be possible sites of origin of the electric potentials recorded on bone surface. The present data show that the topographic quantitative distribution of tetracycline labeling at sequential levels of rabbit tibia and the distribution pattern of the bioelectric potentials in this bone are significantly superimposable. This coincidence of bone formation rates and bioelectric potentials seems to support the view that the latter are in some way linked with the laying down of new bone.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

Proximal osteotomy of the tibia in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.

A total of 50 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint treated by proximal osteotomy of the tibia were followed up 1-5 years after operation. Fusion occurred within an average of 24 weeks. The subjective result of the treatment was good or fair in 44/50 patients. The results were the same 1-2 years and 4-5 years postoperatively. Half the patients showed some significant general disease, most usually hypertension or cardiac disease. Although the patients' subjective condition was significantly better after than before operation, the treatment did not improve or maintain their working capacity. Preoperatively 29 patients worked, while this number was reduced to 12 at the time of follow-up, and two of the latter patients had been trained for new occupation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh G-CSF) on rat bone: inhibition of bone formation at the endosteal surface of vertebra and tibia.

The effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh G-CSF) on bone was evaluated by histomorphometry using Sprague-Dawley rats. rh G-CSF was injected at doses of 0, 50, 150, and 450 microg/kg for 6 weeks. In vivo double fluorochrome labeling was performed before sacrifice. No significant change in body weight was observed. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebrae and femora was significantly decreased in G-CSF-treated groups. In the lumbar vertebra, osteoid surface, osteoid thickness, trabecular thickness, and labeled surface in G-CSF-treated groups were also significantly lower. In addition, osteoclast number and osteoclast surface were significantly higher in the G-CSF-treated groups. The endocortical surface at the mid-tibia showed lower labeled surface and mineral apposition rate in G-CSF-treated groups, without significant changes at the periosteal surface. Furthermore, numerous granulocytes fully occupied the bone marrow area. We conclude that proliferating granulocytes in the bone marrow may inhibit bone-forming cells from contacting the bone surface, resulting in reduction of bone formation; and increased osteoclastic bone resorption induced by G-CSF treatment contributed to the reduction of BMD.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effects of fluoride on the mineralization of embryonic chick tibiae in organ culture.

The effects of various concentrations of fluoride on the mineralization of embryonic chich tibiae were studied in vitro. After 4 days incubation in medium with a physiological Ca x PO4 product (1.8 mM2), fluoride promoted a highly significant dose-related enhancement of bone mineralization. In experiments where the medium Ca x PO4 product was varied by changing either Ca or PO4 while keeping the other constant at 1.8 mM, fluoried at 7.5 muM or at 100 muM affected bone mineralization differbntly at low and high products. At medium Ca x PO4 products below 3 mM2, fluoride significantly enhanced bone mineral deposition compared to paired control bones, while at products above 5 mM2, fluoride significantly inhibited bone mineralization. This dual effect of fluoride was observed in both live bones and bones metabolically inhibited by 1 mM iodoacetic acid. Comparison of the effects of fluoride on the mineralization of live and dead bones suggested that the effects are dependent on the cellular control of Ca x PO4 product in the bone extracellular fluid. These findings support the hypothesis that fluoride may play an important role in governing the rate of mineralization in growing bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The bending stiffness of the human tibia.

The bending of isolated human cadaveric tibiae in the antero-posterior and medio-lateral planes was studied. It was found that the mean bending stiffness in the antero-posterior plan was 5.989 Nm/mm and in the medio-lateral plane 3.588 Nm/mm.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1997

Zinc deficiency inhibits the direct growth effect of growth hormone on the tibia of hypophysectomized rats.

The effect of zinc deficiency on the direct-growth effect of growth hormone (GH) on tibia growth in hypophysectomized rats was studied. There were three dietary groups. Zinc deficient (ZD) group (0.9 mg/kg diet), control (C) group (66 mg/kg diet) and zinc adequate pair fed (PF) group (66 mg zinc/kg diet). All rats in each group received local infusion of recombinant human-growth hormone (hGH) (1 microgram/d), except for half of the animals in the control group, which were sham-treated, receiving vehicle infusion only. The substances were infused continuously for 13 d by osmotic minipumps through a catheter implanted into the right femoral artery. Food intake was lower and body weight loss was greater in ZD, and PF animals compared with C animals (p < 0.001). Tissue-zinc concentration and plasma alkaline-phosphatase activity were decreased (p < 0.05) by dietary-zinc deficiency. GH infusion increased the tibial-epiphyseal width of the treated right limb, but not of the noninfused left limb in C and PF animals. However, in ZD rats, no difference was found between the infused and the noninfused limbs. These results demonstrate that zinc deficiency inhibits the direct-growth effect of GH on long-bone growth.

Animals↗