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PubMedDate not supplied

"Effect typology" and work ability index: evaluating the success of health promotion in elder workforce.

Changes in work ability and work interest (meaning) after the participation in a health promotion program were perceived and evaluated. Drivers of the Munich Transport Authority (n = 122) of an average age of 50 years participated in 20 health days during working time over 1 year. The evaluation instruments of the health promotion program were the Work Ability Index (WAI) developed by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) and the Effect Typology developed by the Institute of Occupational Health Promotion (IBG Austria). No changes were found in the WAI score. The Effect Typology evaluated the optimal effect "evolution," i.e., psychological and noetic (mental) changes, for 50% of the participants. A variance analysis of the WAI pre-post differences according to the effect classes of the Effect Typology showed significant differences, namely an increase in the WAI in the evolution group and a drop in the recovery group. The Effect Typology is suitable for the evaluation of occupational health promotion and for the further understanding and development of the WAI.

Aging↗
PubMed2004

Psychosocial needs of HIV-positive individuals seeking workforce re-entry.

With the advent of more effective treatments and corresponding improvement in morbidity and mortality, people living with HIV and AIDS are increasingly considering a return to the workplace. This study examined subjective and objective indicators of need among a sample of 235 HIV-infected individuals entering a vocational rehabilitation programme for people with HIV. In addition to help with training and job placement, participants indicated a need for assistance with finances, money management, housing access and access to health care, as well as with alcohol or drug problems, legal problems and social relationships. Subsequent to learning of their diagnoses, the sample reported a median decrement in financial resources of 60%. Over half had experienced housing instability in the year prior to entering the study, including 15% who had been homeless, even though most were linked to case management services. A third had used illegal drugs in the prior month, 41% drank to intoxication and 20% lacked even monthly phone contact with friends. Results suggest that back to work programmes for people with HIV and AIDS will need to address a broad range of psychosocial issues beyond job training and placement.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Variability, predictive value, and uses of the beryllium blood lymphocyte proliferation test (BLPT): preliminary analysis of the ongoing workforce survey.

The beryllium blood lymphocyte proliferation test (BLPT) is used as a medical surveillance tool for assessment of persons at risk for developing clinical and subclinical chronic beryllium disease (CBD). Three laboratories, coded "A," "B," and "C," were used to perform the BLPTs, which involved two simultaneous tests on a split specimen. The intra-laboratory agreement analysis compared the first and the second test performed by the same laboratory. The interlaboratory agreement analysis compared test results performed by different laboratories on the same sample. The level of agreement was expressed as a kappa statistic. The positive predictive value (PPV) analysis compared BLPT results against the results of a bronchoscopy used to detect CBD. The data included 5483 records representing 3081 samples from 1510 persons. Intra-laboratory agreement was fair to moderate, with kappa values between 0.3 and 0.6. Inter-laboratory agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.5) for Labs A and B, moderate (kappa = 0.6) for Labs B and C, and poor (kappa = 0.2) for Labs A and C. A single unconfirmed abnormal test had a PPV for CBD of 39 percent, a confirmed (based on subsequent testing) abnormal test had a PPV for CBD of 45 percent, and a first-time double abnormal test had a PPV for CBD of 49 percent. Substantial inter- and intralaboratory disagreement exists between and within major laboratories that conduct this test.

Berylliosis↗
PubMed1996

Characteristics of the Workforce and Activity Optimization in the Building Industries of Lithuania.

The evaluation of human individual characteristics is very important for any ergotechnical system optimization, especially in occupational safety. Investigations were carried out for this purpose. An important classification of ergonomic characteristics for construction workers was prepared. The importance and relevance of the choice of those characteristics as well as their application are presented in the article.

accident prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Commonalities of the EMS Education Workforce (2004) in the United States.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the State of EMS Education Research Project was to quantify the characteristics of those recognized as EMS instructors, what infrastructure supports exist to facilitate the learning process, and what are the attributes and common practices embraced by the profession. The collection of EMS education system data will assist in the continued development and implementation of the EMS Education Agenda for the Future: A Systems Approach. The first phase of the study identified characteristics of the individual educators and their workplace. Based on data collected from a national survey of individuals identified as EMS educators. Phase II of the project utilized a panel of experts to identify common practices in EMS education derived from the data analysis in Phase I. Based on the consensus and description of the common practices, a set of recommendations were developed which would facilitate the transition to future curricula designs and educational delivery methods. METHODS: The methods used in this study replicated those used by Witkin and Trochim (1997 as a formalized group-oriented concept mapping process. The concept statements were derived from data generated by Ruple et al., which attempted to identify and describe the various aspects of the EMS educational process. After a comprehensive listing of the aspects, a reduction and grouping exercise resulted in the identification of 43 concepts. The unstructured sorting task replicated procedures described by Rosenburg and Kim, Trochim, and Weller and Romney. The 13 participants of the technical team (a subset of the task force) were then tasked with individually rating each of the 43 concepts. Cronbach's alpha, as well as, principal component analysis was used to analyze the data and then concept mapping theory was employed to convert the data into concept statements. After the ratings were generated, the concepts were consolidated and reduced to 21 concept statements. A Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was computed comparing the rank of the top 10 most important concepts with the frequency of citation by the subgroup members and was found to be +0.92 [t(18) = 10.08, p < 0.0005]. The technical team's concept ratings were then validated by the full SEERP Task Force consisting of a national panel of experts in EMS education, administration, state regulation and certification. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to increase the theory and knowledge base of EMS educators, to prepare the infrastructure for change, and to improve evaluation procedures for student performance and outcomes and the integration of educational technologies. Integration of resources, development of support systems, coordination of initial and continuing education requirements, alliances with professional accreditation services, and partnership building with other allied health and medical academic education systems are priorities for improving the working conditions for EMS educators nationally. Recommendations by the panel are the appropriate response to the current condition of the EMS education setting and a basis on which to begin a seamless transition to the vision of the EMS Education Agenda for the Future: A Systems Approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Macro-organizational factors, the incidence of work disability, and work ability among the total workforce of home care workers in Sweden.

AIMS: To investigate the importance of macro-organizational factors, i.e. organizational sociodemographic and socioeconomic preconditions, of the municipal incidence of long-term sick leave, disability pension, and prevalence of workers with long-term work ability among home care workers. METHODS: In an ecological study design, data from national databases were combined by record linkage. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to estimate and interpret macro-organizational factors (economic resources, region, unemployment, employment, occupational rehabilitation, return to work, age structures of inhabitants and home care workers). RESULTS: The incidence of long-term sick leave among female home care workers was twice as high as that of male home care workers, and incidence of disability pension was about four times as high for the women. A great variation in municipal incidence of long-term sick leave, disability pension, and long-term work ability (101-264, 0.6-19.6, and 913-1,279 per 1,000 full-time equivalent workers and year) was also found. The strongest single factor for long-term work ability was a high proportion of part-time or hourly paid employees, which explained 35% of the municipal variation. Macro-organizational factors explained long-term work ability (47-62% explained variance) better than long-term sick leave (33% explained variance). There was a low rehabilitation activity; only 2% received occupational rehabilitation and 5% of those on sick leave longer than 2 weeks returned to work within 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in the municipal proportion of work ability incidence indicate a preventive potential, especially related to employment and return to work after sick leave.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Workforce capacity to respond to children whose parents have a mental illness.

OBJECTIVE: The first of the three objectives of this study was to identify the core barriers that impede adult mental health and other clinicians from working with patients about parenting and child-related issues. The second and third objectives were to rate the importance of these barriers and to compare barriers for adult mental health workers with other workers. METHOD: There were two data collection phases; the first, qualitative phase involved collecting verbatim responses from 60 mental health and welfare workers, regarding barriers about working with mentally ill patients about their parenting role as well as with their children. The second involved 32 participants, including 20 adult mental health workers and 12 other workers, responding to the scaled questionnaire items based on the qualitative barriers identified at phase one. RESULTS: The most important barriers highlighted by workers were patients not identifying their illness as a problem for their children and patients denying that they had a mental health problem. All workers reported that it was part of their role to get involved with issues regarding their patient's children. In comparison to other workers, adult mental health workers reported time and resource limitations, as well as skill and knowledge deficits regarding parenting and working with children. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are discussed in relation to adult mental health policy and ongoing professional development, particularly for adult mental health workers.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

General and job-related alcohol use and correlates in a municipal workforce.

We examined the prevalence and correlates of both general and workplace-related drinking measures using data from a telephone survey of 673 workers in a large municipal bureaucracy and tested the hypothesis that observed differences across job categories can be explained by compositional difference in terms of demographic variables known to be related to drinking behavior. Results suggest such factors account for much of the variation in general drinking measures (prior-28-day quantity, CAGE score, indicating risk for dependence), but that significant variation in a workplace-related drinking measure (times ever drank before, during, or just after work) remains even after such factors are controlled. Implications of these findings for existing theories of workplace effects on drinking are discussed, along with a consideration of appropriate levels of analysis for future studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A comparison of the risk of stillbirth associated with paternal pre-conception irradiation in the Sellafield workforce with that of stillbirth and untoward pregnancy outcome among Japanese atomic bomb survivors.

A comparison is made of the relative risks associated with paternal preconception irradiation of stillbirth and untoward pregnancy outcome (stillbirths, congenital malformations, neonatal deaths) in the offspring of the Japanese atomic bomb survivors and of stillbirth in the offspring of Sellafield workers. It is concluded that the pre-conception exposure risks of stillbirth in the offspring of Sellafield workers are statistically incompatible with the Japanese data at the 5% level. Other human and experimental data relating to the induction of congenital abnormalities are briefly reviewed.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed2000

The assessment of organ doses from plutonium for an epidemiological study of the Sellafield workforce.

An epidemiological study of mortality and cancer rates in plutonium workers at the Sellafield nuclear installation has been carried out by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The study required the assessment of organ-specific doses from plutonium for more than 5000 workers over a period of 40 years. This was a major undertaking as it involved the reconstruction of annual received doses from the results of some 223,000 urine samples that had been provided by the workers in the study. This paper outlines the techniques and strategies adopted in order to generate best estimates of dose from the available data, and presents summaries of these doses.

Body Burden↗
PubMed2006

Use of research by the Australian health promotion workforce.

This paper examines the attitudes and practices of Australian health promotion practitioners toward evidence-based practice (EBP). The study used a survey methodology and questionnaires were sent to 1114 members of the Australian Health Promotion Association. A response rate of 27% (n = 277) was achieved. The data showed that the vast majority of participant's attitudes toward EBP was very welcoming. However, in practice the impact of EBP was limited. Participants identified a range of significant barriers to implementing EBP including organizational culture, policy directives and lack of resources. A range of concerns was also identified regarding the applicability of the medically based EBP model within health promotion, which is based upon a social model of health. The findings highlight the importance of acknowledging the complexity of health promotion interventions and working toward developing an appropriate evidence base.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Health inequalities in the workforce: the labour market core-periphery structure.

OBJECTIVES: To explore health inequalities between six labour market groups ranging from permanent employees to the long-term unemployed receiving minimum daily allowance. METHODS: A sample of 15 468 employees or job seekers from a population survey. Their perceived health, diseases, and depression were measured. RESULTS: Compared with permanent employees, the odds for poor health were highest among the unemployed with low incomes irrespective of adjustments, across all health indicators and in both men and women. High odds were also found among the less disadvantaged unemployed and the employed with atypical contracts, but not among fixed-term employees. CONCLUSIONS: Rather than between the employed and the unemployed, it seems that health inequalities prevail across different labour market groups within the employed and the unemployed. Future studies should employ a more detailed classification of employment situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cervical cytology screening convenient for the workforce.

The study describes the demographic details and smear results of women attending a Well Woman Clinic in an Occupational Health setting over a two year period. The clinic is located close to the place of work, run during working hours, and operated by a doctor and nurse. Charging fees acceptable to women attending or their employers, the service has made a modest profit and offers scope for increasing the income against fixed costs. The age range attending is older than commonly found at screening clinics. The abnormal smear detection rate, 115 per 1000 is high while the proportion of inadequate results at 50 per 1000 compares favourably with other clinics. In an area with 13 per cent Asian population, only 5 per cent of attenders were Asian but of these one fifth had abnormal smears. A cervical cytology screening facility timed and located for the convenience of the working woman is found to attract a group of women in the older age range who have a high abnormal smear rate, and those who fail to attend elsewhere.

Adult↗