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PubMed1980

[Studies on treatment of invasive mole and subsequent reproductive performance, a report of 39 cases (author's transl)].

Thirty-nine invasive mole patients treated during the last 6 years (1971-1976) in our clinic, were studied. The data were summarized in the following items. 1. Surgical treatment was done in 31 cases (79.5%), and methods of operation were removal of focus in 13 cases and hysterectomy in 18. Chemotherapy was performed in 31 cases (79.5%). 2. In 31 operated patients, all of invasive lesions were in uterine bodies. A degree of chorial invasion into myometrium was shallow in 12 cases, medium in 12 and deep in 7. Molar vesicles were observed in 17 cases and trophoblastic tissues were microscopically confirmed in 14. 3. Anti-cancer agents, such as ACTD and MTX, were required 1-4 courses in 8 patients received chemotherapy alone and 1-6 courses in 23 patients received operation combined with chemotherapy. 4. Up to the present time, 14 pregnancies in 11 cases out of these patients occurred, but 2 of them ended in spontaneous abortion and one was molar pregnancy. 5. Malignant sequela, that is, choriocarcinoma was occurred in 2 cases. But, these 2 cases are in remission. 6. Thirty-seven patients, including 2 choriocarcinoma cases, are healthy at present.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reproductive performance in gilts through their first two parities.

Fertility data were collected for 766 gilts from 12 breeding and commercial herds. The age at first breeding was 244.5 days and at first farrowing 363.2 days. The litter size was 9.91 piglets born (9.16 live). The farrowing rate at the first service was 87.8%. The total farrowing rate was 95.5% of the mated gilts and 88.4% of all the gilts. 9.8% were repeat breeders. 2.6% of the once mated gilts never returned to oestrus and still did not farrow. The culling rate was 11.6%. The major reason for culling was delayed puberty/anoestrus (7.7%). Of the 565 gilts having a first litter 85.3% were mated after weaning. The age at second farrowing was 541.7 days. The litter size was 10.9 piglets born (10.3 live). The farrowing rate after first service was 83.0%. The total farrowing rate of the 482 sows was 92.9% and of the 565 weaned sows 79.3%. 12.2% were repeat breeders. 4.8% of the sows once mated never returned to oestrus and still did not farrow. The culling rate was 20.7%. Culling because of anoestrus was 4.4%. The month of birth significantly influenced the number of gilts culled because of anoestrus, the age at first breeding and at first and second farrowing. The season also influenced the interval from weaning to service, the percentage of sows served within 7 days of weaning and culled because of anoestrus. No correlation between a high ultrasonic index and lowered fertility was found. The age at first breeding was 1.12 days younger per unit higher ultra-sonic index.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Selenium concentrations in feeds and effects of treating pregnant Holstein cows with selenium and vitamin E on blood selenium values and reproductive performance.

Holstein cows (n = 104) and heifers (n = 35) were used to determine the effects of treatment with selenium (Se) and vitamin E on whole blood Se values and fertility. At 21 +/- 3 days before parturition, 55 cows and 19 heifers were injected with 680 IU of vitamin E and 50 mg of Se as sodium selenite. Treatment had no effect on days to first estrus, days to first service, days to conception, services per conception, or number of uterine infusions required. Blood samples were obtained from 33 nontreated cows and heifers and 32 treated animals at 21 and 14 days (+/- 3) before calving and at 7 and 14 days (+/- 3) after calving. Mean whole blood Se level at -21 days (day 0 was day of parturition) and before Se-vitamin E treatment was 0.109 micrograms/ml. At days -14, 7, and 14, blood Se was significantly higher in the treated than the non-treated animals. Blood Se was lower on all sampling days in cows calving in July through November than in cows calving in December through April. Heifers in their 1st lactation had lower blood Se concentrations than did cows in their 2nd or later lactation. In feeds sampled at 2-week intervals, mean concentrations of Se in Bahia grass, mixed ryegrass and oats, corn silage, and sorghum silage were less than 0.1 micrograms/g on a dry matter basis. Bermuda grass, alfalfa hay, and concentrates contained greater than 0.1 micrograms of Se/g. Large variation existed in Se concentrations of individual feedstuffs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1980

Reproductive performance in women with sex chromosome mosaicism.

Among chromosomal analyses performed in 23 couples with a history of 2 or more spontaneous abortions, 5 women had mosaicism of the sex chromosomes, 46,XX/47,XXX, but all the men had normal 46,XY chromosomal complements. A review of the literature revealed that 75% of the fetuses of mothers with sex chromosome mosaicism were abnormal. Fifty percent of theses pregnancies ended in abortion and one third of the infants exhibited a chromosomal or physical abnormality. The possible effect of sex chromosome mosaicism on outcome of pregnancy is emphasized.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1980

Plasma vitamin B12 and reproductive performance of cows on cobalt-deficient pastures in the Rift Valley of Kenya.

Plasma vitamin B12 and glucose in beef and dairy cattle were determined in a well-managed and poorly-managed farm in the cobalt-deficient pastures of the Naivasha area of the Rift Valley of Kenya. These values were compared to those obtained in a well-managed farm from cobalt-replete pastures outside the Rift Valley. Whilst plasma vitamin B12 from the well-managed farm in the Rift Valley (371 +/- 20 pg/ml) were comparable to those from the cobalt-replete pastures (288 +/- 19 pg/ml), those from the poorly-managed farm were significantly lower (156 +/- 13 pg/ml, P less than 0.001). It was noted, however, that even the well-managed farm in the Rift Valley had herd differences indicating how easy it is for the animals to slip into deficiency in the affected pastures. There was no difference in plasma glucose in any of the herds. Fertility, however, was very different. The conception rate at the poorly managed farm was only 30% (with high calf mortality) as compared to 67% in the well-managed farm in the same vicinity. It is suggested that apart from provision of cobalt salt licks, periodic monitoring of plasma vitamin B12 would be a useful safeguard against the onset of unintended, subclinical deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of fosfomycin-calcium on reproductive performance of rats. II. Fertility test (author's transl)].

Fosfomycin calcium (FOM-Ca) was orally administered to Wistar rats for 60 consecutive days in males and 14 consecutive days in females in varying doses of 140 mg/kg, 700 mg/kg and 1,400 mg/kg, and then the animals were subjected to mating. It was further administered to pregnant female rats for another week to investigate its effects upon the embryos and fetus. The following results were obtained. 1) In parent animals, soft stools were noted in both sexes of the groups with higher doses, but otherwise there was no remarkable abnormality noted. 2) No increase was seen in the rates of development of dead embryos or externally abnormal fetus. 3) Skeletal abnormality was seen only slightly in the animals of the group with 700 mg/kg, but otherwise all the other groups were similar to the control group, showing that there would be no adverse effects by the tested drug upon the fetal skeletal structure. 4) On the ground of the above-mentioned test results, it was claimed that FOM-Ca exerts adverse effects upon the fetus of rats even in the dose of 700 mg/kg and that the safe dose to fetus of rats would be 140 mg/kg. It was also judged that it has no teratogenicity through administration before or at the initial stage of gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of fosfomycin-calcium on reproductive performance of rats. III. Peri- and post-natal examination (author's transl)].

The peri- and post-natal examination of fosfomycin-Ca (FOM-Ca) was undertaken in Wistar strain rats. Rats were treated orally at dose levels of 140, 1,400 and 2,800 mg/kg/day from the 14th day of gestation to 21st day after delivery. One-third of pregnant rats in each group were sacrificed on 20th day of gestation and then their fetuses were examined for external, visceral and skeletal observation. The remaining mothers were allowed to deliver naturally, and then their offsprings were examined for postnatal development. No effect of FOM-Ca treatment to rat mothers was found except soft stool was seen in 1,400 and 2,800 mg/kg groups. No effect of FOM-Ca on rat fetuses and newborns was found except fetal body weight and survival rate decreased and skeletal variation increased in maximum dose. Consequently, it can be concluded that FOM-Ca has no effect on rat mothers, fetuses, and newborns treated during peri- and post-natal period.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1993

Growth and reproductive performance, during exposure to ammonia, of gilts afflicted with pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis.

From 2 to 4.5 months of age, 80 crossbred gilts were reared in a conventional grower unit where they were naturally exposed to mycoplasmal and bacterial pathogens that cause pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis. At 4.5 months of age, gilts were moved to environmentally regulated rooms (4.9 x 7.3 m) and assigned at random to 1 of 2 treatment groups: low aerial concentration of ammonia (4 to 12 ppm; mean, 7 ppm) or moderate aerial concentration of ammonia (26 to 45 ppm, mean, 35 ppm). Low concentration of ammonia was obtained by flushing of manure pits weekly, whereas moderate concentration of ammonia was maintained by adding anhydrous ammonia to manure pits that were not flushed. Gilts were weighed biweekly. Mean daily gain (MDG) was less (P < 0.01) for gilts exposed to moderate concentration of ammonia than for gilts exposed to low concentration of ammonia after 2 weeks in their respective environments. By 4 and 6 weeks, however, MDG was similar between the 2 treatment groups. After 6 weeks in these environments, 20 gilts from each treatment group were slaughtered, and prevalence and severity of lung lesions and snout grades were determined. At slaughter, body weight was greater (P < 0.01) in gilts exposed to low, rather than moderate, ammonia concentration (94.5 vs 86.8 kg; SEM, 3.3 kg). Percentage of lung tissue containing lesions (18 vs 12) and snout grade (2.8 vs 3.1) were similar between gilts exposed to low or moderate concentration of ammonia. The remaining 20 gilts in each treatment group were maintained in their respective environments, exposed daily to mature boars and bred at first estrus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ammonia↗
PubMed1994

Pronounced differences in the frequency of TaqI beta A-inhibin alleles between sheep breeds with different reproductive performance.

A total of 419 individuals of four breeds with differing fecundity (Rhoenschaf, Merinolandschaf, East Friesian Milksheep, Romanov) and several wild sheep of the Ovis musimon, O. orientalis, O. vignei and O. ammon groups were screened for genetic variation at the beta A-inhibin (INHBA) locus with up to 11 enzymes. The four breeds differed significantly (P < 0.001) in TaqI allele frequencies. The frequency of the TaqI A allele coincided with the average litter size in each breed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of food medication alone or in combination with PGF2 alpha on the reproductive performance of swine with SUGD (swine urogenital disease)].

In a large pig production unit 60 postparturient sows were divided at random into 3 groups, each with 20 sows. Group 1 (20 sows) received 30 g Farmavet Trisulfa per os daily from the beginning of the postfarrowing period for 1 week. Group 2 (20 sows) received 30 g Farmavet Trisulfa per os daily from the beginning of the postfarrowing period for 1 week, and in addition were given 3 mg Gabbrostim 24-48 hours after farrowing in a single i.m. application. Group 3 (20 sows) untreated control. The following parameters were evaluated: A: number of weaned piglets per sow, B: weaning to service interval in days, C: return to oestrus in percent. Both groups 1 and 2 showed better results when compared to the control group. Group 2 was superior to group 1.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

Cadmium exposures during early development: do they lead to reproductive impairment in fathead minnows?

The primary objective of this study was to determine whether cadmium (Cd) exposures during embryonic and larval development alter the reproductive performance, reproductive physiology, and sex ratio of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Embryonic exposures were conducted by exposing adult female fathead minnows to 0, 25, or 100 microg/L Cd for 8 d prior to breeding. Larval exposures were conducted by exposing the larvae to waterborne Cd at 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 microg/L from 8 to 29 d posthatch (the time period associated with female sexual differentiation). Minnows from each exposure period were raised to maturity, at which time their reproductive success, secondary sexual characteristics, gonadosomatic index (GSI), plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) concentrations, and sex ratios were assessed. Results from the embryonic study reveal that Cd exposures alter the secondary sexual characteristics of male fathead minnows but do not alter reproductive performance, GSI, 11-KT concentrations, or sex ratios. Larval exposures, during the period of female sexual differentiation, significantly reduce the frequency of adult spawning and increase clutch size but do not alter fecundity, secondary sexual characteristics, GSI, or 11-KT. Subtle alterations in sex ratio were observed, indicating that larval Cd exposures may increase the proportion of females in an exposed population.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Genetics of the interval from weaning to estrus in first-litter sows: correlated responses.

The objective of this study was to evaluate relationships between rebreeding performance and growth performance (n = 3,777 gilts) and rebreeding performance and reproductive performance (n = 2,242 sows). Our data were from a selection experiment for shorter intervals from weaning to estrus after the first parity (IWE), involving Dutch Landrace pigs, in which a selection line and a control line without selection were maintained for eight generations. Relationships were evaluated before and after transforming IWE to normal interval (NI; IWE < or = 7 d), prolonged interval (PI; IWE > 7 d), and incidence of a prolonged interval (INC). Heritabilities of NI, PI, and INC were .18, .17, and .27. Within-line phenotypic and genetic trends in growth and reproductive performance were not different from zero and did not diverge as a correlated response to the selection applied. Phenotypic correlations between IWE, NI, or PI and growth or reproductive performance were low and ranged from -.14 to .11. Genetic correlations were higher, and, for the majority of traits, the genetic correlations with NI and PI had a different sign. Phenotypic and genetic contrasts between sows with NI and sows with PI different from zero indicated that INC may increase as a correlated response to selection for reproductive performance. Analyses using untransformed IWE or data from populations selected for rebreeding performance may underestimate the correlated response in IWE due to selection on economically important traits.

Animals↗