PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Adolescent, Institutionalized”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Rehabilitation of the disabled adolescent: experience with a local authority assessment centre.

School leavers and young adults who are severely physically disabled pose particular problems for habilitation and rehabilitation. A local authority unit, the Fourways Assessment Centre, has been providing a comprehensive service to this group of people for the past 10 years. Rather than operating as an independent self contained unit it has been closely integrated with the local authority social services and educational services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Violent incidents in an adolescent forensic unit.

Violent incidents in psychiatric institutions have been the focus of much study over the past few decades. But there has been little work looking at similar incidents in child and adolescent units. The authors set out to examine whether some of the patterns observed in adult populations are true of adolescent groups. The Gardener Unit was considered appropriate in light of reports of a higher frequency of assaultative behaviour among younger clients and because of the nature of problems presented by clients needing a secure environment. All violent incidents are automatically recorded. The violent incident register was examined between 1 June 1991 and 1 June 1992 and the information cross-checked with case notes and nursing reports. Demographic details, etc. were obtained from case notes. The results indicated a slightly higher daily incident rate than adult studies. At least half of the population were involved in some form of violent episode over the 12-month period. The majority of incidents were minor in nature. Nursing staff were the most frequent targets, although females showed an excess of inwardly directed aggression (self harm). A prior history of violent behaviour did not serve as a realistic predictor of frequency of violent incidents in this study. With increasing concern regarding the care of this disturbed group of young people, it was felt important to look closely at the nature of and handling of violent incidents on this unit. A second paper will consider in detail how these incidents were dealt with.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Characteristics of young offenders detained under section 53(2) at a young offenders' institution.

The objective of the study was to investigate the medical and psychiatric characteristics and needs of detainees held under s.53(2) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933. A case-note study of all subjects detained under s.53(2) at a young offenders' institution was carried out and their psychologists and medical officer interviewed. The subjects had a high risk of having experienced family disruption, of psychoactive substance abuse, and poor educational progress, and they were more likely than the general population to be Afro-Caribbean or of mixed race. They were psychologically vulnerable and could become suicidal when exposed to risk factors such as bullying and not being visited often by friends and relatives. However, there was a lack of information available about the subjects in many important areas including assessment of needs for special education, of truancy, expulsions, child guidance clinic attendance, and placement on child protection registers. It was not clear whether these young people had been significantly in contact with services as children or whether they had slipped through the net. In conclusion, the most important finding was a worrying lack of information about this group. From the information available they were clearly atypical. More research is needed; more adequate information, for example with respect to physical and sexual abuse, child rearing, education, peer relationships, and contact with specialist health and social services, would assist in the development of services for the treatment of these serious young offenders and for prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gender-based differences in the treatment of young offenders by the police and the children's court in New South Wales, Australia.

It has been consistently reported that young males commit crimes with an average frequency five times greater than their female peers. Most data supporting this view are derived from juvenile court and police statistics. Studies using data derived from self-reported behaviour suggest that the true relative frequency may be closer to 2:1. Police and juvenile justice data for the year 1994-5 in New South Wales, Australia, were analysed in an attempt to determine whether court and police statistics might reflect a form of selection bias, where the likelihood of arrest, trial and/or sentence is a function of gender, rather than frequency and nature of offence. The results suggest that the 5:1 gender ratio reflects a strong component of gender bias in the workings of the juvenile justice system in New South Wales. If suspected of a given crime, young males are more likely to be denied bail and (if found guilty) to be given a harsher sentence than young females suspected (or found guilty) of the same crime. Overall, if found guilty of an offence, boys were four times more likely than girls to receive a custodial sentence. Therefore, boys are selectively denied access to alternate rehabilitation resources which are made available to girls who are in trouble with the law. The juvenile justice system in New South Wales requires careful examination and reform if such apparently deeply entrenched biases are to be eliminated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The development of community-based programs for autistic adolescents.

Now that its legislative mandate has been expanded to include services to autistic adolescents and adults, North Carolina's statewide program (TEACCH) has been developing the materials and programs necessary to serve these older clients in community-based settings. The development of diagnostic, assessment, and curriculum materials along with a full range of day and residential programs is described along with efforts at intensive intervention and sex education. Although TEACCH's adolescent program is only in a preliminary stage, its efforts may be of use to others pursuing similar goals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory: is it valid and reliable for Mexican American youth?

In this study, we examined the internal consistency reliability, construct-related validity, and mean base rate scores of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI; Millon, Millon, & Davis, 1993) Personality and Clinical scales in a sample (N = 131) of juvenile offending, educationally at-risk, and substance-dependent Mexican American youth. Overall, the MACI scales demonstrated good reliability estimates. Using methods derived from contrast analysis (Westen & Rosenthal, 2003), the scales performed as would be expected based on predictions derived from Millon's (1969, 1981) theory. In addition, the scales differentiated in an expected fashion among the 3 groups. The results of this study provide preliminary support for the use of the MACI among Mexican Americans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The integration of the Foster Grandparent Program with an acute Care Psychiatric Service.

In an effort to provide special relationships and attention for the children and adolescents hospitalized on the acute care psychiatry wards, one hospital established a unit of foster grandparents. The article describes the problems encountered in the development of similar programs, particularly in multidiscipline settings. The article also describes how the foster grandparents became active members on the service's multidiscipline teams, participating in the assessment of patients and contributing to their treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Developing policies for runaways: insights from the literature.

This article examines the literature on runaways from an historical perspective. It argues that societal responses to runaways have been structured by the prevailing assumptions about the nature and meaning of runaway behaviour. The recurring theme of detachment and connection is highlighted and its implication for policy development is examined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Structural problems in institutional care for youth.

In examining the relationship of emotional responsiveness and authoritarianism to the success of child welfare institutions as measured by running away behavior structural factors relating to both are discussed. The emotional deficit of the care giving situation seems to be a factor related to running away. Authoritarianism was not a related factor. Though both runaways and nonrunaways rated the institutional experience to be less emotionally responsive than their families, workers and runaways rated runaways experience as the least emotionally responsive. This is thought to relate to both runaways history and the consistency and continuity of caregivers. This further points to a pressing need for child welfare programs to greatly increase continuity of care and positive emotional contact between youth and caregivers. Individuation of youth in group living situations and foster care is crucial to their benefitting from such programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

African American teens and the neo-juvenile justice system.

African American youth continue to be overrepresented in the juvenile justice system. As a result of the current political environment and the perceived increase in crime among young people, the nation has moved away from rehabilitation and toward harsher treatment of delinquents. The African American community must encourage policy makers and community leaders to continue to address the disproportionate representation of African American youth in the system. Current policing and prosecutorial policies must also be examined and challenged to end the perception of an unjust system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The effect of services coordination teams on outcomes for children in state custody.

The author describes the results of a quasi-experimental study of the effects of interorganizational services coordination teams on the quality and outcomes of services to children in state custody. The findings suggest that services coordination teams improve access to services and enhance service outcomes. Children served by services coordination teams were more likely to be placed in less restrictive residential settings, more like to be placed in settings appropriate to their levels of psycho-social functioning, and more likely to receive needed services from the state's mental health system. Moreover, those children with the most serious externalizing problem (i.e., aggressive, antisocial) behavior made more progress when served by services coordination teams.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of care for children and adolescents victims of domestic violence].

This is a phenomenological and hermeneutic study. Its objective is to reveal the meaning of "care" for children and adolescents who have suffered domestic violence. The investigation was carried out in two casas-lares (orphanage houses) in Florianópolis. These houses functioned as temporary shelters for either girls or boys who had suffered some kind of violence in their homes. The descriptions obtained through the answers and drawings of eighteen children and adolescents enabled us to characterize "care" as a way of promoting life, expressing oneself, relating to the environment, denying past experiences and resisting in order to survive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Preliminary data on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Brazilian male and female juvenile delinquents.

The aim of the present investigation was to study the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a sample of delinquent adolescents of both genders and to compare the prevalence between genders. A total of 116 adolescents (99 males and 17 females) aged 12 to 19 on parole in the State of Rio de Janeiro were interviewed using the screening interview based on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children -- Present and Lifetime (KSADS-PL). Data were collected between May 2002 and January 2003. Of 373 male and 58 female adolescents present in May 2002 in the largest institution that gives assistance to adolescents on parole in the city of Rio de Janeiro, 119 subjects were assessed (three of them refused to participate). Their average age was 16.5 years with no difference between genders. The screening interview was positive for psychopathology for most of the sample, with the frequencies of the suggested more prevalent psychiatric disorders being 54% for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 77% for conduct disorder, 41% for oppositional defiant disorder, 57% for anxiety disorder 57, 60% for depressive disorder 60, 63% for illicit drug abuse, and 58% for regular alcohol use. Internalizing disorders (depressive disorders, anxiety disorders and phobias) were more prevalent in the female subsample. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of illicit drug abuse between genders. There were more male than female adolescents on parole and failure to comply with the sentence was significantly more frequent in females. The high prevalence of psychopathology suggested by this study indicates the need for psychiatric treatment as part of the prevention of juvenile delinquency or as part of the sentence. However, treatment had never been available for 93% of the sample in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Teenage law offenders in Rio de Janeiro and institutions that "rehabilitate" them. The perpetuation of negligence].

This article presents data from juvenile delinquents in the Rio de Janeiro Minors Court. It is an exploratory study with qualitative and quantitative approaches, conducted in 1994 in three schools (Padre Severino Institute, João Luiz Alves School, and Santos Dumont School) in Greater Metropolitan Rio de Janeiro and responsible for the legal custody of juvenile delinquents. Social and demographic aspects of the adolescents and families are shown, and the daily routines of employees, adolescents, and researchers are reported. This paper stresses the damaging effects on the lives of these youngsters by their families, society, and judiciary and legal custody institutions. It also suggests approaches and positive ways of reorienting the issue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Logs as adjuncts to therapy for adolescents in a residential psychiatric program.

As part of a 3-year ethnography of an adolescent residential psychiatric program, staff, patients, and occasionally family members were observed communicating using written logs. Using participant observation and opportunistic interviewing, and reading the logs, the researcher was able to determine the advantages, disadvantages, and direct value of the logs to patients and staff. Logs, when used judiciously after patient assessment, demonstrated patient responsiveness to treatment and promoted patient-centered care. Writing in logs increased patients' identification of thoughts and feelings, mirrored their developmental state, and demonstrated staff members' skills in communication. They are an invaluable adjunct to therapy for certain adolescent patients.

Adolescent↗