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Results for “Cerebral Revascularization”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Microsurgical cerebral revascularization for the treatment of stroke.

A study of 1,000 STA-MCA by-pass procedures in stroke patients is described as "extremely encouraging", with greater than 90% patency rate and marked improvement in patients who had not responded to medical management or had been turned away from routine vascular surgery.

Cerebral Arteries↗
PubMed2005

Indications for cerebral revascularization for patients with atherosclerotic carotid occlusion.

Patients with complete carotid occlusion and recent ischemic symptoms are at high risk for subsequent stroke, particularly those with evidence of severe hemodynamic impairment due to poor collateral flow. Treatment options for these patients include direct extracranial to intracranial arterial bypass, or interventions aimed at improving collateral sources of flow such as endarterectomy or angioplasty and stenting of the ipsilateral external carotid artery, the contralateral carotid artery, or the vertebral arteries. The evidence supporting the use of these procedures for patients with complete occlusion of the carotid artery will be the focus of this article. The use of physiologic imaging to select subgroups of patients at high risk due to hemodynamic factors will also be discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

[Indications for cerebral revascularization in patients with combined occlusive diseases of the renal and extracranial arteries].

The authors have performed a complex ultrasonic angiographic and nephrological examination of 32 patients with associated occluding injuries of branches of the arch and renal arteries. The indications and tactics of reconstructive interventions on renal arteries in patients with pathology in question have been established which were not followed by neurological complications. All the patients who survived have shown substantial improvement of neurological symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Revascularization of cerebral ischemia after previous bilateral extracranial-intracranial bypass procedures.

Extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass grafting procedures were specially designed for treatment of bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion. When performed in an expeditious manner, EC-IC bypass procedures have produced effective and durable results, despite the recent disfavor given to this procedure. This communication reports a 68-year-old white man who developed generalized cerebral ischemia manifested as confusion, incoherence, disorientation, ataxia, and numerous episodes of syncope daily. A cerebral angiogram revealed bilateral external carotid arteries and left solitary vertebral artery critical stenosis. Transcranial Doppler study demonstrated reduction of cerebral and vertebral-basilar perfusion. However, the patient's EC-IC bypass graft had remained patent since 1985. The patient's recurrent symptoms of global ischemia and syncope resolved after carotid endarterectomy, vein patch external carotid artery, and vertebral-to-common carotid artery transposition. This report reiterates the value of the EC-IC bypass procedure and presents the surgical management of symptomatic external carotid and vertebral artery stenosis in patients after EC-IC bypass procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Dynamic pathophysiology of cerebral infarction and revascularization. I. Ischemic cerebral edema].

A natural history of ischemic cerebral edema was analyzed in 100 patients with occlusive cerebrovascular diseases admitted within one week of onset, with serial computed tomography (CT) and angiograms. Cerebral edema was defined as a low-density area with mass sign on CT. A total of 446 studies of CT were performed. In 40 patients with major completed stroke admitted 24 hours of onset, a total of 73 studies of CT were taken within 48 hours of onset, and a timing of appearance of cerebral edema was analyzed. Patients were allocated to two groups according to the findings on angiograms; 68 patients who showed occlusive lesions on sequential angiograms (the group of no-recanalization), and 32 patients who showed reopening of occluded vessels on the first or sequential angiograms (the group of no-recanalization). In the group of no-recanalization a low-density area gradually appeared between 6 and 24 hours of onset A. mass sign reached its peak on the 3rd day with a peak incidence of 56%, and midline shift was present in 30% of the cases. It was resolved within 2 weeks in most cases. In the group of recanalization, a low density area appeared after 4 hours and rapidly increase after 6 hours. All patients had a low-density area at 12 hours of onset. A mass sign progressed until the 6th day with a peak incidence of 82%, and midline shift was present in 50% of the cases. The duration of mass sign was longer than that in the group of no-recanalization. These results suggest that the permissible duration of ischemia is considered to be within 6 hours of onset in profound ischemia. After 6 hours, ischemic tissue damage may not be reversible by the revascularization, even if CT shows no change during ischemia. An abrupt revascularization may not contribute to the recovery of brain damage, but accelerate the ischemic cerebral edema.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Distal posterior cerebral artery revascularization in multimodality management of complex peripheral posterior cerebral artery aneurysms: technical case report.

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVES AND IMPORTANCE: Although controversial, revascularization of the distal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) may become necessary in treating complex PCA aneurysms before proximal parent vessel sacrifice. The revascularization of the distal PCA territories of two patients with peripheral PCA aneurysms is presented. CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS: One patient had an aneurysm of the P2-P3 segment and failed a selective P2 balloon occlusion test by developing homonymous hemianopia before planned parent vessel sacrifice. The other patient with a giant P2 segment aneurysm presented with visual field deficits. TECHNIQUE: The distal segment of PCA was revascularized before the aneurysms were trapped by surgical clipping or coil occlusion of the distal P2 segment, proximal to the aneurysms. In both cases, the occipital artery was used as the "donor" vessel. Temporary occlusion times were 22 and 20 minutes, respectively. Both grafts were patent on postoperative angiography, and both patients had full visual fields at the time of their follow-up examinations. CONCLUSION: De novo distal P2 sacrifice, advocated for treating peripheral PCA aneurysms, leads to visual field deficits in some patients. Revascularization of the distal segment of the PCA, less technically demanding than bypass to other PCA segments, preserves blood flow, thus sparing vision in this subset of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A new technology for revascularization of cerebral embolism using liquid jet impact.

Revascularization time is the dominant factor in the treatment of acute cerebral embolism. In this paper we describe a rapid revascularization therapy using liquid jets generated by the interaction of gas bubbles with shock waves, which impact on the thrombi. The interaction of a shock wave with a gas bubble attached to an artificial thrombus which was inserted into a tube model of a cerebral artery was investigated. The shock wave was generated by detonating a microexplosive pellet. The overpressure of the shock wave was 3.0 +/- 0.6 MPa (n = 7) and 12.7 +/- 0.4 MPa (n = 3). The initial air bubble radii were varied from 0.87 mm to 2.18 mm. The subsequent collapse of the bubble was photographed using a high-speed framing camera, and the liquid jet penetrating into the artificial thrombus was visualized using x-ray photography. The penetration depth of the liquid jet increased with increasing bubble size. There was an optimal separation distance between the bubble and the shock wave source to obtain the maximum penetration depth. Liquid jets have the potential to penetrate through thrombi in as little as a few microseconds, and with very efficient ablation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Alternative superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery revascularization procedure.

The intact superficial temporal artery was sutured to the cortical arachnoid in a patient in whom no adequate cortical recipient vessel could be found. Subsequent arteriography demonstrated good revascularization of the middle cerebral distribution fed through the superficial temporal artery. The patient was relieved of this symptoms and remained neurologically intact postoperatively. In the rare instance where an adequate recipient middle cerebral artery is not available, this method may be an alternative means of providing cortical revascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Transmyocardial laser revascularization induces cerebral microembolization.

BACKGROUND: Transmyocardial laser revascularization may vaporize fluid in the left heart, allowing bubbles to form. This study aimed to determine whether the laser pulse resulted in cerebral emboli and to examine changes in middle cerebral artery flow velocity and jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjO2) during transmyocardial laser revascularization. METHODS: Twelve patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status III) were studied after the authors received institutional review board approval and the patients' informed consent. Monitored variables included mean arterial blood pressure (measured in millimeters of mercury), heart rate (measured as beats/min), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (measured in millimeters of mercury). A 5-MHz transesophageal-sonography system was used to record intraventricular events after laser injection. Mean blood flow velocity (Vmean; measured in centimeters per second) was monitored in the middle cerebral artery using transcranial Doppler sonography, and SjO2 (expressed as a percentage) was measured using a fiberoptic thermodilution catheter placed in the right jugular bulb. Data were recorded before, during, and for 4 min after laser injection. RESULTS: After laser injection, intraventricular echogenic contrast was seen in transesophageal-sonography, and 2-4 s later high-intensity signals (microemboli) appeared in the transcranial Doppler sonography spectra. As long as mean arterial pressure remained stable during the observation period, Vmean and SjO2 did not change. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that microemboli can be detected after laser injection in the middle cerebral artery, although they do not effect Vmean and SjO2. The results suggest that these microemboli do not induce a global oxygen imbalance.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Experience of treatment of moyamoya disease at the Clinic of Neurosurgery of Kaunas University of Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Moyamoya disease was first described in Japan and represents characteristic appearance on cerebral angiography an abnormal network ("puff of smoke") of collaterals around stenotic arteries. This disease is characterized by progressive intracranial vascular obliterations of the circle of Willis, resulting in successive ischemic or hemorrhagic events. Moyamoya disease primarily occurs among orient people (Japanese, Koreans, Caucasians) and is very rare in Lithuania. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate long-term effectiveness of cerebral revascularization in order to prevent cerebral ischemic and hemorrhagic events in patients with moyamoya disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 1995, 14 patients with moyamoya disease have been treated at the Clinic of Neurosurgery of Kaunas University of Medicine. All patients underwent neurological examination, computed tomography or/and magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial Doppler sonography, single photon emission computed tomography and four vessels cerebral angiography investigations. The diagnosis of moyamoya disease was confirmed by cerebral angiography. Cerebral ischemia was observed in 7 cases and cerebral hemorrhage was detected in the other 7 moyamoya disease patients. Neurological disability was evaluated using the Scandinavian Stroke Scale, and performance in the active daily life using the Barthel Index. The degree of handicap was assessed with the Rankin Scale. Different surgical procedures (superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis, encephalosynangiosis, bifrontal free omental flap) were applied for cerebral revascularization of moyamoya disease patients. RESULTS: The diagnosis of moyamoya disease was confirmed by cerebral angiography in all our patients. Ten patients were selected for surgical brain revascularization. The main criterion for selection of patients for surgery was hypoperfusion of the brain on single photon emission computed tomography. During follow-up period (mean follow-up period was 36 months) there were no rebleeding or ischemic events in both surgical groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral angiography is the main diagnostic procedure which confirms the diagnosis of moyamoya disease. Cerebral hypoperfusion on single photon emission computed tomography is the main criterion for selection of patients for cerebral revascularization. Extra-intracranial anastomosis is an effective procedure for preventing both ischemic and hemorrhagic events in moyamoya patients.

Adolescent↗