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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Connective tissue activation XXXVIII: heparin/heparanase activity of human platelets resides in a high molecular weight protein, not in connective tissue activating peptide III.

OBJECTIVE: Connective tissue activating protein-III (CTAP-III), with molecular weight 9278 Da and isoforms including CTAP-III des 1-15 (neutrophil activating peptide-2, NAP-2) and other amino terminal deletion isoforms, has been isolated from human platelets and characterized. Platelets have also been shown to possess significant heparin/heparanase activity. We investigated whether human platelet heparin/heparanase activity derives from CTAP-III. METHODS: Radial immunodiffusion measurement showed substantial amounts of CTAP-III in plasma from outdated platelet packs. A convenient method for measurement of heparin/heparanase activity is described, and with this method platelet associated plasma was investigated for heparin/heparanase activity assayed against 3H-heparin and 35S-heparan sulfate. RESULTS: Removal of CTAP-III from platelet associated plasma with an immunospecific immunoaffinity column did not remove the heparin/heparanase activity from the plasma. Highly purified CTAP-III eluted from an immunospecific affinity column lacked heparin/heparanase activity. CONCLUSION: Human platelet heparin/heparanase activity resides not in CTAP-III but in a protein or proteins with molecular weight >/= 55 kDa.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed2007

Beyond the epithelium: cadherin function in fibrous connective tissues.

In fibrous connective tissues, fibroblasts are organized into syncytia, cellular networks that enable matrix remodeling and that are interconnected by intercellular adherens junctions (AJs). The AJs of fibroblasts are mediated by N-cadherin, a broadly expressed classical cadherin that is critically involved in developmental processes, wound healing and several diseases of mesenchymal tissues. In contrast to E-cadherin-dependent junctions of epithelia, the formation of AJs in fibrous connective tissues is relatively uncharacterized. Work over the last several years has documented an expanding list of molecules which function to regulate N-cadherin mediated junctions such as: Fer, PTP1B, cortactin, calcium, gelsolin, PIP5KIgamma, PIP2, and the Rho family of GTPases. We present an overview on the regulation of N-cadherin-mediated junction formation that highlights recent molecular advances in the field and rationalizes the roles of N-cadherin in connective tissue function.

Adherens Junctions↗
PubMed2002

Treatment of gingival recessions by combined periodontal regenerative technique, guided tissue regeneration, and subpedicle connective tissue graft. A comparative clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Many surgical techniques have been shown to be effective in correcting gingival recessions by covering the exposed root with soft tissue; however, the thickness of the gingival tissue over the root surface probably plays an important role in preventing the recurrence of tissue recession. The aim of the present study was to compare the results of a mucogingival bilaminar technique (BT), guided tissue regeneration (GTR), and a combined periodontal regenerative technique (CPRT) in achieving root coverage and increasing the gingival thickness 1 year after surgical treatment. METHODS: In 45 systemically healthy, non-smoking patients aged 33.6 +/- 4.3 years with no periodontal pockets >4 mm, a Miller's Class I or II gingival recession was treated for root coverage: 15 patients underwent BT (connective tissue with partial-thickness double pedicle graft), 15 GTR by a bioabsorbable membrane, and 15 CPRT by a collagen membrane and collagen-incorporated hydroxyapatite. Before and 1 year after surgical treatments, the following clinical parameters were recorded: gingival recession (GR), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KT), and gingival thickness (GT); the percentage of root coverage was also calculated and the data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All 3 techniques yielded significant improvements in terms of GR decrease, CAL and KT gain, and GT increase compared to baseline values. Mean root coverage was 90.0%, 81.01%, and 87.12% in BT, GTR, and CPRT groups, respectively. Complete root coverage was observed in 60%, 40%, and 53.3% of subjects from the BT, GTR, and CPRT groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed among the 3 techniques in GR or CAL improvements; however, BT produced a significantly (P<0.01) greater increase of KT, and BT and CPRT groups showed a significantly (P<0.01) greater increase of GT compared to the GTR group. CONCLUSIONS: BT, GTR, and CPRT successfully treated gingival recession defects, obtaining comparable percentages of root coverage, but BT and CPRT created a thick gingival tissue significantly greater than that achieved with GTR.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed1992

[Mixed connective tissue disease].

Mixed connective tissue disease can be regarded as a distinct rheumatic disease syndrome. It can be differentiated from the other systemic rheumatic diseases and overlap syndromes, and has its own diagnostic criteria. The article presents symptoms, treatment, outcome, classification and diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease. The most usual symptoms are Raynaud's phenomenon, swelling of the hands, polyarthritis, muscle weakness, oesophageal hypomotility and pulmonary disease. The recommended therapy should be based on patterns of involvement of organ systems and the severity of the disease. In severe cases the treatment is often a combination of corticosteroids and cytostatics. Due to severe impacts on lungs and kidneys it seems necessary to modify earlier predictions of a generally favourable outcome in patients with mixed connective tissue disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2003

Nucleoporin p62 antibodies in a case of mixed connective tissue disease.

Mixed connective tissue disease is an overlap syndrome characterized by features of different systemic autoimmune diseases and a high titer of U1-snRNP antibodies. We examine here the autoantibodies to nucleoporin p62 in a severe case of mixed connective tissue disease in a young male patient. Thus far, p62 antibodies have mainly been described in cases of primary biliary cirrhosis. We speculate that the presence of p62 antibodies is an indication of a poor prognosis in connective tissue disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The respiratory system in connective tissue disorders.

The connective tissue disorders (also called collagen vascular diseases) represent an heterogeneous group of immunologically mediated inflammatory disorders with a large variety of affected organs besides the lungs. The respiratory system may be involved in all its components: airways, vessels, parenchyma, pleura, respiratory muscles, etc. The frequency, clinical presentation, prognosis and response to therapy vary, depending on the pattern of involvement as well as on the underlying connective tissue disorders. The subject of this review is to describe the most frequent type of lung disorders observed in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). We will focus on the most frequent CTD: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, Sjogren's syndrome, dermatopolymyositis and mixed CTD.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2006

Rheumatoid factor isotypes in mixed connective tissue disease.

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a connective tissue disorder that is often accompanied by various immunological abnormalities. In this study, we analyzed serum levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) isotypes in patients with MCTD and in normal controls to determine if any of these isotypes reflects the severity of the disease. IgM-RF, IgG-RF, and IgA-RF were positive in 48, 38, and 33% of the patients, respectively. The frequency of positive anti-SS-A antibody and decrease in white blood cell counts were significantly greater in patients with elevated IgA-RF levels than that in those with normal levels. These results suggest that the presence of RF isotypes can be regarded as one of the various immunological abnormalities of MCTD.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pneumococcal soft-tissue infections: possible association with connective tissue diseases.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is not a well-recognized cause of soft-tissue infections. In less than 4 years, 12 cases of pneumococcal soft-tissue infection were identified through discussions with infections disease subspecialists in the Philadelphia area. Principal sites of involvement included skin and fascia, tongue, epiglottis, thyroid, brain, and breast. Pneumococcal bacteremia was documented in six cases (50%); in three of these, pneumococci were also cultured from the involved soft tissues. In the cases in which bacteremia was not demonstrated, pneumococci were isolated from the infected sites. Six patients had connective tissue diseases, of which five were diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus. Four of these patients were receiving corticosteroids when their infections developed. Two additional patients were HIV-seropositive intravenous drug users. S. pneumoniae may be a more important cause of soft-tissue infections than previously appreciated, especially in patients with connective tissue diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Connective tissue activation. XXXI. Identification of two molecular forms of a human mesenchymal cell-derived growth factor, connective tissue activating peptide-V.

We previously identified, in normal urine, a growth factor that stimulated monolayer cultures of human synovial, cartilage, and dermal fibroblasts to synthesize incremental amounts of hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans, and DNA. An isolation procedure guided by bioassays and immunologic methods disclosed 2 anionic bioactive polypeptides with Mr of 28,000 and 16,000, respectively, as judged by single bands with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in reduced and nonreduced samples. Rabbit antibodies raised against each purified protein were shown to react, on immunodiffusion and Western blot, with both antigens. Immunohistochemical and immunobinding studies detected the protein in normal human synovial, dermal, and cartilage fibroblasts and in human saphenous vein endothelial cells. The mesenchymal cell-derived growth factor is now designated connective tissue activating peptide-V (CTAP-V). Monospecific polyclonal anti-CTAP-V antibodies were used in a radial immunodiffusion assay for quantitative determination of the antigen in biologic fluids. In normal human plasma the concentration of CTAP-V was below the limit of detection. The CTAP-V concentration in normal urine was 4.5 +/- 2.0 micrograms/ml, calculated from measurements of 5-18-fold concentrated samples. Joint fluid from patients with rheumatic diseases and normal renal function had CTAP-V levels similar to those found in plasma; 2-15-fold increases were detected in plasma and joint fluid of patients with chronic renal failure. Immunodiffusion or dot-blot analysis revealed a CTAP-V-like material in the plasma or serum of 10 mammalian species. It was not detectable in 2 avian species.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1977

Immunofluorescence studies with a specific antiserum to the microfibrillar protein of elastic fibres. Location in elastic and non-elastic connective tissues.

The microfibrillar protein (MFP) of foetal bovine ligamentum nuchae elastic fibres was prepared and used to produce a monospecific antiserum. Indirect immunofluorescence studies employing the specific antiserum demonstrated its selectivity for MFP associated with elastic fibres. The antiserum was demonstrated to react with vascular elastic tissue, perivascular connective tissue and reticular basement membranes in a variety of tissues. This evidence suggests that the MFP (or an immunologically related protein) is not confined to elastic fibres but is widely distributed in connective tissue being associated with both elastin and collagen fibres.

Animals↗