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PubMed1965

IMMIGRANT INFECTIONS.

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Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed2006

Foreign-born emigration: a new approach and estimates based on matched CPS files.

The utility of postcensal population estimates depends on the adequate measurement of four major components of demographic change: fertility, mortality, immigration, and emigration. Of the four components, emigration, especially of the foreign-born, has proved the most difficult to gauge. Without "direct" methods (i.e., methods identifying who emigrates and when), demographers have relied on indirect approaches, such as residual methods. Residual estimates, however are sensitive to inaccuracies in their constituent parts and are particularly ill-suited for measuring the emigration of recent arrivals. Here we introduce a new method for estimating foreign-born emigration that takes advantage of the sample design of the Current Population Survey (CPS): repeated interviews of persons in the same housing units over a period of 16 months. Individuals appearing in a first March Supplement to the CPS but not the next include those who died in the intervening year, those who moved within the country, and those who emigrated. We use statistical methods to estimate the proportion of emigrants among those not present in the follow-up interview. Our method produces emigration estimates that are comparable to those from residual methods in the case of longer-term residents (immigrants who arrived more than 10 years ago), but yields higher--and what appear to be more accurate--estimates for recent arrivals. Although somewhat constrained by sample size, we also generate estimates by age, sex, region of birth, and duration of residence in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

South-North migration. The case of Spain.

"International migrations caused by socio-economic and demographic reasons, especially from underdeveloped countries to the rich and prosperous areas of the globe are discussed with the focus on Western Europe and particularly on Maghrebi immigration to Spain. Emigration of the people from a backward region even increases the deterioration of [the] local economy, provoking stagnation and inflation. Therefore emigration only can not be seen as an economic take-off for sustained economic development over the frontier areas between developed and depressed territories. Related social questions as well as economic, religious and political may add factors affecting the structural balance of the societies concerned."

Acculturation↗
PubMed1986

Mortality and cancer incidence in the man-made mineral fiber industry in Sweden.

This report gives an account of the Swedish contribution to the joint European epidemiologic study on production workers in the man-made mineral fiber (MMMF) industry. The information sources utilized and the follow-up procedure, making extensive use of record-linkage operations extracting data from computerized data banks, are described in some detail. The follow-up with regard to vital status, deaths and causes of death, diagnosed cancers, and emigration could essentially be based on such techniques. The problems of tracing immigrant and emigrant subpopulations are given particular attention. The exposed Swedish cohort consisted of 3,600 persons giving 61,690 person-years of observation. A total of 524 deaths was observed in the cohort, 230 cohort members had emigrated during the period of observation (147 of whom could be traced to other Nordic countries), and 62 other persons were lost to follow-up. It was observed that most of the persons contracting lung cancer in the Swedish cohort had been exposed during relatively short periods of time, ie, during one to four years of employment. This finding applied to both the rock-wool and glass-wool industry. The authors point out that the observed excess risk in lung cancer deaths may also have other explanations than occupational exposure to MMMF.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed1998

Reaction of new Soviet immigrants to primary health care services in Israel.

The post-1989 immigration wave from the former U.S.S.R. has increased the Israeli population by over 12 percent, seriously affecting the host health care system. This study draws on semi-structured interviews with the immigrants visiting outpatient clinics in the Tel-Aviv area in order to explore organizational and cultural aspects of their encounter with the Israeli medical services. While instrumental aspects of care were seen as an improvement over the Soviet standards, communication between providers and clients was seriously flawed, reflecting both a language barrier and diverse cultures of illness and cure. Many interviewees complained of the impersonal, "technical" attitude of Israeli physicians toward patients and the lack of holism in care, which they allegedly enjoyed before emigration. Some immigrant patients feel deprived of the paternalism of the Soviet medical system, complaining that Israeli providers "forego responsibility" for patients' health. A consumerist approach to medical services is also a novelty, and immigrants have to learn to be informed and assertive clients. Most problems are experienced by the elderly patients; overall, women seem to adjust to the new system better than men.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of district evolution from the point of view of annual components of relative population growth].

"This article characterizes the population evolution within the 76 districts of the Czech Republic based on annual time series of crude measures of natality, mortality, emigrations and immigrations since 1951. It aims at evaluation of the individual development of relative population growth distributed by both components of natural change and migrations. Extrapolation of annual component measures until 2000 based on principles of exponential smoothing (discounted weighted linear regression) is the [focus] of the article." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1982

International migration in the Dominican Republic: implications for development planning.

"The Dominican Republic represents a microcosm of all the major migration patterns: substantial emigration and immigration, sizeable return migration, and persistent internal rural-urban migration. The impacts of these various types of migration are related and have a significant influence on the development process. This study analyzes the causes of these migrations as well as the costs and benefits in terms of the individual migrants and the country as a whole. Finally, it investigates the implications of migration for development planning in the Dominican Republic." The authors conclude "that the migration issue is not an area distinct from the various development focuses, but rather cuts across and is related to many of the program areas in which the government is involved."

Americas↗