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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Changing population rates, policies and attitudes in Africa, the Middle East and South Asia.

This paper explores the relationship between population growth rates, government policies, and social attitudes in 3 regions: Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. The comparative success of family planning programs in certain countries of South Asia (most notably India and Sri Lanka) can be partly ascribed to their long tradition of government leadership. In addition, families in those countries have strong incentives to educate their children. On the other hand, in North Africa and the Middle East, high levels of urbanization have had antinatalist effects, which are offset by very low levels of girls' schooling and of female employment outside the home. In Sub-Saharan Africa, high fertility is sustained by the structure of the family, with its tendency to separate reproductive decision-making from responsibility for child-rearing. In addition, governments there have had a comparatively weaker tradition in areas such as family behavior.

Africa↗
PubMed1996

Economic deregulation and changes in New Zealand's immigration policy: 1986 to 1991.

"New Zealand's immigration intake is small by the standards of the main immigrant receiving nations and many of her immigrants are subsequently lost through the process of re-emigration. Nevertheless, changes in New Zealand immigration policy over the last 10 years have been profound. This article is the first of a two-part history of these changes."

Demography↗
PubMed1990

Economic behaviour of heroin users and effects of policy measures.

The object of this study is to describe the behaviour of heroin users from an economic point of view in such a way as to enable tracing the influence of policy measures. In order to describe the heroin users' behaviour, data have been collected regarding relevant variables and relations between variables by interviewing 80 heroin users in the Netherlands. Based on these data a computer model has been developed. The objective of the model is two-fold: 1) Describing the behaviour of a group of heroin users in connection with the process of obtaining money and heroin in order to determine the factors which influence the quantity of heroin bought and consumed. 2) Carrying out some scenario analyses in order to examine the effects policy changes might have on variables such as heroin use and quantity of money obtained illegally.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1990

How have PPS changes affected allocation of Medicare spending for hospital care? A case study of New York State.

Complex national factors went into the development of key policies of the federal prospective payment system, and the effects of these policies varied in different parts of the country. One state particularly affected by these changes, and for the most part in a positive way, was New York. This paper focuses on the Medicare PPS policy changes and their impact nationally. An analysis of the experience of New York state, which had been under a stringent hospital cost containment system before PPS, provides a laboratory to understand how key federal policies affected different types of hospitals in that state as well as nationally.

Cost Allocation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The economic impact of AIDS: a challenge for nursing.

Estimates to determine the cost of financing AIDS care have been uncertain. Current policies governing private insurance as well as Medicaid/Medicare eligibility have created a number of barriers for people with AIDS (PWA). As the number of AIDS cases increase, nursing will play a crucial role in developing necessary policy changes to improve access to care, contain costs, and continue to provide much needed care to PWA.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reproductive choice in Islam: gender and state in Iran and Tunisia.

This report examines the extent to which reproductive choice is compatible with Islamic principles. It presents the argument that the impact of Islam on reproductive choice is largely a function of the political context in which gender issues are defined. Indicators of reproductive health in countries of the Middle East are reviewed and the way these relate to constraints on reproductive choice is assessed. The examples of Tunisia and Iran are used to illustrate the way in which Islam is invoked to legitimate conflicting positions concerning women and their reproductive options.

Choice Behavior↗
PubMed1997

Health policy and the nursing profession: a deafening silence.

The Australian healthcare system, and those of many other Western countries are experiencing significant shifts in the development of health policy. Many of these shifts are directly related to economic factors that have contributed to the spiralling costs of health care. The trends in health policy appear to be embracing a 'market driven' approach to the distribution of resources and health services. Technology and medical developments have contributed to these current economic trends. Over the past 20 years nurses have been faced with significant shifts in the direction of health policy to the extent that many policies have significantly impacted upon their practice without their apparent contribution. Several theoretical positions exist about nurses' lack of policy participation. This paper examines some of the current health policy changes in Australia that are perceived to have had the greatest impact on the nursing practice, and identifies some of the barriers to the nursing profession's participation in the formulation of health policy.

Australia↗