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Results for “Forced Expiratory Volume”

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PubMed1982

Rapidly decreasing forced expiratory volume in one second or vital capacity and development of chronic airflow obstruction.

In a prospective study of 2,406 members of the Belgian Air Force, followed for 3 to 15 yr, 325 demonstrated a yearly decline in FEV1 and/or in vital capacity (VC) that was significantly faster than that expected in healthy nonsmokers. Such rapid declines were met more frequently in heavy smokers and in subjects with a reduced FEV1 or VC. There was no clear-cut association between rapid declines and a history of respiratory diseases. It may be predicted, if the rates of declines do not vary with aging, that about 0.5% of nonsmokers and 4% of heavy smokers in the investigated population will reach disabling airway obstruction (FEV1 of 1.2 L or less) at 65 yr of age. At least 6 to 8 yr of follow-up are required to appreciate with precision the rates of declines in FEV1 or in VC.

Forced Expiratory Volume↗
PubMed1991

[Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)--a respiratory physiological measurement of considerable prognostic value].

The epidemiologic literature concerning a relationship between a decreased FEV1 and mortality, morbidity and lung cancer was reviewed FEV1 is a very potent predictor of COPD mortality and morbidity, and of lung cancer. Furthermore, FEV1 is a hitherto largely unrecognized potent predictor of general mortality and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The consequence of this knowledge should be a more widespread usage of spirometry, both in epidemiologic studies and in daily clinical practice.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1987

"Sensitive tests" are poor predictors of the decline in forced expiratory volume in one second in middle-aged smokers.

In 1978, we studied 3 groups of steelworkers 45 to 55 yr of age who were all smokers: "obstructive" smokers (OS) with a FEV1/VC less than 66.6% (59.8% in average) (n = 37), smokers with "small airways disease" (SAD) and an abnormal closing capacity and/or slope of phase III (delta N2) but normal FEV1/VC (n = 32), and "resistant" smokers (RS) with normal functional indices (n = 36). Smokers with SAD had a lower (p less than 0.05) FEV1/VC (71.7%) than did RS (74.9%). We studied again 6 yr later about 85% of survivors in each group. Analysis of variance showed that FEV1 decreased significantly (p less than 0.001) only in OS (from 2.67 to 2.46 L). In RS and smokers with SAD, FEV1 declined from 3.34 to 3.26 L and from 2.95 to 2.85 L, respectively (p greater than 0.05). In all 3 groups, delta N2 increased (p less than 0.001) from 0.77 to 1.30% N2/L in RS, 1.41 to 2.43% N2/L in smokers with SAD, and 2.22 to 4.20% N2/L in OS. A multivariate analysis showed that the initial N2 explained about 30% (p less than 0.001) of the decline in FEV1 in OS, but only 10% (p less than 0.001) in the 3 groups together. In fact, the link between delta N2 and fall in FEV1 was restricted to OS. Closing volume and maximal expiratory flow rates were not related to decline in FEV1. The link between uneveness of ventilation and subsequent loss of FEV1 is of physiopathologic interest.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Forced Expiratory Volume↗
PubMed1977

[Are repeated controls of the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) necessary in examinations of bronchial reactivity? (author's transl)].

In 432 patients examinations of bronchial reactivity with the acetylcholin test (3 min. inhalation of a 0.1% acetylcholine solution) were carried out with testing FEV1 immediately, 5 min. and 10 min. after stopping inhalation. It could be shown that the extent of bronchial hyperreactivity can be found by a single determination after acetylcholine provocation. It is proposed to use this one-step method for routine examinations and to measure FEV1 five min. after stopping inhalation. For clinical evaluation the intensity of bronchial reaction has also to be considered and estimated.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of obesity on the ventilatory capacity of the respiratory system. I. Relation between basic spirometric indicators: vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and obesity].

The following procedures have been applied for evaluation of obesity of 1087 men, steel mill workers: all examined men have been divided into intervals of relative body weight (after Lorentz), indices including measurements of the current body weight and height, indices including measurements of the current body weight, height and skinfolds thickness. All examined persons have undergone measurements of spirometric parameters. The strongest correlation with spirometric values was that of the index of obesity including, apart from the body weight and height, also skinfolds thickness. This index of obesity provides good estimation of respiratory efficiency, which diminishes as obesity intensifies.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of peak expiratory flow rate and forced expiratory volume in one second in histamine challenge studies in children.

The difficulty in performing FEV1 in young children prompted us to assess whether PEFR could be used to measure the response to inhaled histamine. In 123 children with recurrent respiratory symptoms we found a highly significant correlation (r = 0.83, P less than 0.001) between the percentage fall from base-line of FEV1 and PEFR. We also performed histamine challenge tests using PEFR alone on 56 children too young to manage spirometry and found our procedure reliable. PEFR is an adequate measurement in histamine provocation studies and can be used interchangeably with FEV1. The criterion for a positive test is a 20% fall in either PEFR or FEV1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Relationship of response to a bronchodilator and decline in forced expiratory volume in one second in population studies.

To study the question of bronchial responsiveness as a risk factor for chronic air-flow limitation, we measured the response to inhaled isoproterenol in 795 subjects drawn from 2 cohorts that have been followed over a 9 to 11-yr period. A matched analysis was also performed comparing 44 responsive subjects from these cohorts with 132 nonresponsive control subjects. In both cohorts, level of response to isoproterenol was associated with rate of decline of FEV1 only among "responsive" subjects. These results were confirmed by the matched analysis in which rate of decline of FEV1 among responsive subjects was significantly greater than that observed in their matched controls. These differences were present among smokers as well as nonsmokers and among subjects with and without doctor-diagnosed chronic bronchitis and asthma. We conclude that bronchial hyperresponsiveness is associated with an accelerated decline of FEV1 in nonsmokers and ex-smokers as well as in smokers, and that the relationship exists before clinical disease is manifest. Further work needs to be done to determine whether the association is causal or merely indirect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Longitudinal changes in forced expiratory volume in one second in adults. Effects of smoking and smoking cessation.

Longitudinal changes in FEV1 (delta FEV1) in relationship to smoking habits were examined in 1,705 adults enrolled in a prospective study of a general population sample. In both men and women, there were excessive rates of decline in FEV1 in smokers, at least in those smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day. The excess decline of smokers was age dependent, particularly in men, with much of the excess loss of function occurring between 50 and 70 yr of age. Effects of smoking on delta FEV1, observed minus expected delta FEV1 and observed minus expected percent delta FEV1, were greater in men than in women even when controlled for current cigarette dose. Ex-smokers show delta FEV1 values similar to those of nonsmokers. In subjects younger than 35 yr of age, quitting smoking during follow-up was associated with an actual increase in FEV1. In men 50 to 70 yr of age, smoking cessation early in the study appeared to lead to a relatively prompt return to normal rates of functional decline. Thus, the findings suggest relatively prompt beneficial effect of smoking cessation even in late middle age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

Familial correlation in the decline of forced expiratory volume in one second.

Studies have shown evidence of significant parent-offspring and sibling correlation in FEV1, but familial aggregation of decline of FEV1 over time has not been reported. Our study population comprised 392 families enrolled in the Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airway Obstructive Diseases. Subjects were older than 18 yr of age and performed at least 3 pulmonary function tests over 5 to 20 yr. The slope of FEV1 was calculated for each subject using simple linear regression. Multiple regression models were used to compute standardized residual slope values adjusted for possible confounders. Familial correlation analysis on residual slope values demonstrated no evidence of spousal or parent-offspring correlation. However, sibling pairs were highly correlated (r = 0.256, p < 0.001, n = 166), especially smoking-concordant pairs (r = 0.483, p < 0.01 for ever-smokers, and r = 0.280, p < 0.05 for never-smokers). The residual slopes of smoking-discordant siblings were not significantly correlated (r = 0.031, p < 0.77). Genetic susceptibility to an accelerated rate of decline associated with smoking may be evidenced in the increased correlation among smoking sibling pairs, and in the lack of correlation among smoking-discordant sibling pairs. High sibling correlation in the absence of parent-offspring correlation is compatible with a recessive model of inheritance.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The "horse-racing effect" and predicting decline in forced expiratory volume in one second from screening spirometry.

Longitudinal spirometric data on adults in a general population sample confirmed an overall relationship between rate of change in FEV1 (delta FEV1) and mean FEV1/Ht3. This relationship between FEV1 "slope" and "level" has been called a "horse-racing effect" and is the basis for the widely accepted concept that detecting a low FEV1 will predict a rapid decline in FEV1 and the development of clinically significant COPD. However, when both age and smoking habits were taken into account, the effect persisted only in male smokers. Even in them, it was dependent on the inclusion of part of the delta FEV1 in calculation of the mean FEV1 value. While neither a low initial FEV1/Ht3 nor percent predicted FEV1 significantly predicted a subsequent rapid fall in FEV1, presumably because of regression toward the mean, other initial spirometric variables proved better predictors, at least among male smokers. In them, a low FEV1/FVC ratio on entry was almost uniformly associated with a high rate of decline in FEV1. This was not seen in ex-smokers with similar initial spirometric findings. Also, delta FEV1 could not be predicted with any precision in women regardless of their smoking status. The findings strongly support the concept that detection of early airway disease by spirometric screening will identify those male smokers who are likely to develop clinically significant illness if they continue to smoke and that smoking cessation, even at this point, can markedly improve the prognosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The repeatability of forced expiratory volume measurements in adults with cystic fibrosis.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the repeatability of measurements of FEV(1) in adults with lung disease due to cystic fibrosis (CF). DESIGN: Single cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Adult CF of a university teaching hospital. Subjects were participants in a randomized trial of an experimental mucolytic drug. PATIENTS: Twenty-one adults (mean age, 27.5 +/- 9.2 years [+/- SD]) with CF and mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction (FEV(1) 70 +/- 15% predicted). Patients were in clinically stable condition prior to and during the study. INTERVENTIONS: Repeated FEV(1) measurements were obtained at specific times of the day for 9 consecutive days, for a total of 31 measurements from each subject. Statistical measures of repeatability were calculated. Variation over the course of 1 day and variation from 1 day to the next were examined separately. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: For day-to-day FEV(1) measurements, the within-subject SD was 0.145 L (4.5% of predicted), indicating greater variation compared to values previously established in normal subjects. The coefficient of repeatability indicated that day-to-day measurements could differ by as much as 13% of predicted in the absence of clinical change. For measurements within a single day, variation was not observed to be greater than normal. CONCLUSIONS: In adults with CF, day-to-day variation in FEV(1) measurements is greater than normal and similar to that seen in other obstructive lung diseases. Changes in FEV(1) over time in adults with CF can likely be interpreted using the same criteria that apply to asthma or COPD.

Adolescent↗