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Results for “GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA”

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PubMed2004

[Nicardipine-induced gingival hyperplasia: case report].

Several types of therapeutic agents may induce gingival hyperplasia. An unusual case induced by nicardipine, a calcium antagonist, is presented. The other drugs concerned are: several anticonvulsants, cyclosporin, and several other calcium antagonists. In the majority of patients for whom drug discontinuation or substitution is not possible, and for whom prophylactic measures have failed, surgical excision of gingival tissue remains the only treatment option.

Antihypertensive Agents↗

PubMed1991

On the mechanism of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.

Proposed mechanisms of the side effect of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are reviewed. Hypotheses with regard to inflammation from bacterial plaque, increased sulfated glycosaminoglycans, immunoglobulins, gingival fibroblast phenotype population differences, epithelial growth factor, pharmacokinetics and tissuebinding, collagenase activation, disruption of fibroblast cellular sodium/calcium flux, folic acid and a combination hypothesis are evaluated.

Dental Plaque↗

PubMed1990

[Case of gingival hyperplasia due to mouth breathing].

In this article, a severe gingival hyperplasia case which was seen in maxilla and mandible of a 13 years old male patient who has mouth breathing was presented and some knowledges about this subject were reviewed. It was observed that the patient has nasal obstruction and he was called for nasal operation after he finishes the age of eighteen. His luxe primary teeth were extracted. For the time being to provide esthetic and function, gingivectomy was performed on upper and lower jaw.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[A case of gingival hyperplasia induced by nifedipine].

Nifedipine is a new agent belonging to the calcium antagonist group of drugs, applied clinically to circulatory disorders, such as essential hypertension, renal hypertension and angina cordis and has been rapid in gaining popularity in Japan. On the other hand, as do all effective drugs, this drug has side effects, one of which is gingival hyperplasia. The clinical findings are extremely similar to the gingival hyperplasia induced by phenytoin used for the treatment of epilepsy. A 46-year-old man was referred to our hospital whose chief complaint was gingival swelling. He had been receiving nifedipine for his hypertension for about one year. He was diagnosed as having the side-effects of nifedipine due to being treated with 20 mg/day for a year. Nifedipine was discontinued and scaling and oral hygiene resulted in healing.

Gingival Hyperplasia↗

PubMed1990

[Treatment-effect on cyclosporin A-induced gingival hyperplasia in patients with organ transplantation: a longitudinal study].

In the present study a newly developed concept for avoiding recurrences after the periodontal surgical treatment of cyclosporin A-induced gingival hyperplasia is described. Conventional gingivectomy results in restitutio per secundam, which promotes recurrences. To avoid this we tried to achieve a restitutio per primam by using a modified surgical technique. Ten patients, four treated under general anesthesia and six on an outpatient basis, were treated with this technique. Patients were monitored for 20 month. Pre- and postoperative care was performed in a standardized manner for all patients. During the surveillance, a long-term suppression of the cyclosporin-induced gingival hyperplasia could be found, but it was not possible to avoid recurrences totally.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Incidence of verapamil-induced gingival hyperplasia in a dental population.

The records of 5,000 dental patients were reviewed for history of verapamil use between 1987 and 1990. Twenty-four dentate patients who received verapamil for more than 1 year were identified. Of these, gingival hyperplasia occurred in 1 patient (4.1%) that was limited to the mandibular attached gingiva. Onset of gingival overgrowth was associated with drug dosage, bacterial accumulation, and gingival inflammation. Histologically, the findings resembled that seen in hyperplasia induced by phenytoin, cyclosporin, and other calcium channel blockers. Our data suggest that gingival hyperplasia caused by verapamil occurs less frequently than nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Gingival hyperplasia induced by cyclosporin A].

Cyclosporine-A (Cy-A) selectively inhibits T cell function with minimal effect on humoral immunity. It is used specially in transplantation patients and in some cases, like other drugs, it causes gingival hyperplasia. In this article, after a review of the most recent pathogenetic hypothesis, the authors present their experience based on 10 cases of gingival hyperplasia in kidney transplantation patients in treatment with Cy-A.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Carcinoma arising in cyclosporin-induced gingival hyperplasia.

A patient with intra-oral squamous cell carcinoma arising in an area of cyclosporin-induced gingival hyperplasia associated with a renal transplant is presented. This appears to be the first reported case of its kind. Subsequently, the patient developed a carcinoma of the lateral margin of the tongue, with metastasis to the deep cervical lymph nodes. The incidence and types of malignancy following conventional immunosuppressive and cyclosporin therapy are briefly reviewed. Long-term frequent follow-up of cyclosporin-treated patients is recommended to facilitate early diagnosis of such lesions.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Dilantin gingival hyperplasia: patient evaluation in relation to anticonvulsant dosage, degree of oral hygiene and extension of lesion].

The authors examined 42 exceptional children interned in an especialized school viewing to determine the degree of gingival hyperplasia and it relation to the degree of oral hygiene, the lesion extension and the drug taken. All children were examined without verifying if they were taking any type of medicine. In the comparison of clinical exames of children taking anticonvulsants, the conclusion was that the gingival hyperplasia was present in 46.8% of the cases, as well as the extension of it being larger when the drug had been administrated for a long period and/or when oral hygiene was inadequate.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Gingival hyperplasia induced by nifedipine. Report of two cases].

Two cases of gingival hyperplasia associated with the administration of nifedipine are presented in this paper. Case 1, a 66 years old woman appeared with severe gingival enlargement, which was located at the right anterior and premolar region. Both attached gingivae and interdental papillae were hyperplastic, and the enlargement was more pronounced at the labial surfaces. The patient discontinued nifedipine, and after scaling and root planning, gingivectomy was performed. One month postoperatively the gingivae were in perfect health. Case 2, a 68 years old man presented with gingival enlargement mainly of the interdental papillae of the anterior and posterior region, which was more pronounced at the labial surfaces. Gingivectomy was performed at the upper anterior region after deep scaling, but the patient did not discontinue nifedipine. Three weeks postoperatively, recurrence of hyperplasia was noticed. In both cases histologically the gingival epithelium was parakeratininized and exhibited elongated rete pegs. The underlying connective tissue comprised of dense collagen fibres and the inflammatory cells which were present in the connective tissue, were mainly plasma cells and lymphocytes.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Effect of 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (p-HPPH) enantiomers, major metabolites of phenytoin, on the occurrence of chronic-gingival hyperplasia: in vivo and in vitro study.

The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of the (R)- and (S)- enantiomers of the phenytoin metabolite p-HPPH in the pathogenesis of gingival hyperplasia (GH). About 98% of circulating p-HPPH is in the (S)-form. There were significant differences between patients with and without GH in (R)-p-HPPH level (0.055 vs 0.042 microgram.ml-1), both enantiomer/racemate level ratios, and R/S enantiomeric ratio (0.0313 vs 0.0232); an increase in serum (R)-p-HPPH level was observed in patients with GH. In separate experiments, the effect of p-HPPH enantiomers on the proliferation of the normal human dermal fibroblast was studied. The in vitro study showed that (R)-p-HPPH selectively stimulated fibroblast growth. The results suggest that the least abundant metabolite, (R)-p-HPPH, is the most toxic with respect to gingival hyperplasia.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gingival hyperplasia: a side effect of nifedipine and diltiazem.

Currently, calcium channel blockers are being used increasingly for the treatment of hypertension in the elderly. Several case reports in the dental literature suggest that patients treated with the calcium channel blockers manifest gingival hyperplasia similar to that seen in patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin, Parke-Davis). A small study of 89 patients undertaken at the Westside Veterans Administration Medical Center, Chicago seems to indicate that nifedipine and diltiazem do indeed cause gingival hyperplasia. A total of 83% of the patients studied receiving nifedipine showed evidence of hyperplastic tissue and 74% of those on diltiazem were found to have hyperplastic tissue.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Clubbed fingers in a patient with inflammatory gingival hyperplasia.

The association of clubbing with miscellaneous diseases and its diagnostic implications are such that its detection should prompt consideration of the underlying etiology. We encountered a 48-year-old woman with clubbed fingers and a cauliflower-like gingival swelling on the hard palate of the upper jaw. There were no conventionally well-known causes for clubbing. Histological examination of gum biopsy specimen revealed a diagnosis of inflammatory gingival hyperplasia. As an etiology of clubbed fingers, gingivitis was suggested, since clubbing was regressed in parallel with remission of the gingivitis after the treatment by extraction of anterior teeth. Possible involvement of an autoimmune process in the pathogenesis was also considered, because of concomitant elevation of serum anti-double strand DNA antibodies. We recommend examination of the oral cavity for search of an inflammatory disease in cases with clubbed fingers, particularly when other common causes are not apparent.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗

PubMed1988

Kaposi's sarcoma in cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia.

In the cases presented in this report, Kaposi's sarcoma developed in the gingiva of two patients with cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia. The tumor was clinically inapparent, and was diagnosed unexpectedly following biopsy of the hypertrophied gingiva. This unusual presentation has not been reported previously.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Familial gingival hyperplasia: a case of pseudo-Laband syndrome.

Three siblings with familial gingival hyperplasia and abnormal feet are reported. Despite the resemblance to the Laband syndrome, where there are anomalies of the terminal phalanges, the abnormalities of the feet in these children were caused by the persistent wearing of "flip-flop" sandals. Care is required in the conduct of history and examination.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Gingival hyperplasia induced by calcium channel blockers. Rare or frequent in Norway?].

Sales statistics indicate that the number of Norwegians treated with calcium channel blockers increased from about 50,000 in 1986 to about 83,000 in 1991 (last year: nifedipine 39%, verapamil 27%, amlodipine 21%, diltiazem 10% and felodipine 3%). In spite of widespread use, only one report on gingival hyperplasia induced by calcium channel blockers has been received by the Norwegian Adverse drug reaction committee. The incidence of this adverse reaction is uncertain, but the few controlled studies that have been performed indicate that it may be as high as 15% in patients on long-term treatment, at least with nifedipine. This corresponds to nearly 5,000 cases among the about 32,000 users of nifedipine. Norwegian physicians and dentists are asked to report cases of gingival hyperplasia induced by calcium channel blockers. Although the voluntary report system is fraught with uncertainty, it is hoped that, in a relatively small and surveyable drug market as the Norwegian, the reporting may provide some relevant information, e.g. to allow comparison of the potential of the various calcium channel blockers to induce this adverse effect. A Norwegian controlled study on gingival conditions among long-term users of calcium channel blockers is in its initial stage. It may be of interest to compare the results of this study with the indications obtained from the spontaneous reporting on the incidence of this adverse effect, which is relatively easy to diagnose.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Gingival hyperplasia by nifedipine. Report of a case.

We describe a case of gingival hyperplasia in a 36-year-old renal transplantation recipient treated with nifedipine for severe arterial hypertension. The appearance of the gingival disorder was probably related to nifedipine intake. Histologically, in addition to the findings of acanthosis, papillomatosis and connective tissue hyperplasia, there was also an important plasma cell inflammatory infiltrate.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Essential and iatrogenic gingival hyperplasia. Its morphology and significance].

11 specimens were carried out in patients with idiopathic gingival hyperplasia (3 cases), gravidic hyperplasia (1 case), iatrogenic hyperplasia (5 cases after cyclosporin A administrated in patients with cardiac grafts, 2 cases after treatment by Adalat). By optic microscopy, the deep collagen base is thickened, associated sometimes to an inflammatory process. By histoenzymology, the fibroblasts have high activities of their oxidative enzymes and also of the enzymes of protein synthesis. The electron microscopy corroborates the numerous globular fibroblasts with well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. These results prove the main role of fibroblasts in these lesions and the etiopathogenesis of this hyperplasia is discussed.

Adolescent↗