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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The influences of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) associated with physiotherapy intervention in phase I cardiac rehabilitation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of positive end expiratory pressure and physiotherapy intervention during Phase I of cardiac rehabilitation on the behavior of pulmonary function and inspiratory muscle strength in postoperative cardiac surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized study, in which 24 patients were divided in 2 groups: a group that performed respiratory exercises with positive airway expiratory pressure associated with physiotherapy intervention (GEP, n = 8) and a group that received only the physiotherapy intervention (GPI, n = 16). Pulmonary function was evaluated by spirometry on the preoperative and on the fifth postoperative days; inspiratory muscle strength was measured by maximal inspiratory pressure on the same days. RESULTS: Spirometric variables were significantly reduced from the preoperative to the fifth postoperative day for the GPI, while the GEP had a significant reduction only for vital capacity (P < .05). When the treatments were compared, smaller values were observed in the GPI for peak flow on the fifth postoperative day. Significant reductions of maximal inspiratory pressure from preoperative to the first postoperative day were found in both groups. However, the reduction in maximal inspiratory pressure from the preoperative to the fifth postoperative day was significant only in the GPI (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that cardiac surgery produces a reduction in inspiratory muscle strength, pulmonary volume, and flow. The association of positive expiratory pressure with physiotherapy intervention was more efficient in minimizing these changes, in comparison to the physiotherapy intervention alone. However, in both groups, the pulmonary volumes were not completely reestablished by the fifth postoperative day, and it was necessary to continue the treatment after hospital convalescence.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

When fine-tuning works.

Rehab, psychiatric, respiratory, OB/GYN, oncology, in fact MOST specialty hospitals, have seen continued growth during recent times of economic strain on health care providers.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increasing nursing students' interest on working with aged patients.

The Tuckman-Lorge Attitude questionnaire, which measures stereotypes and misconceptions about the aged, was administered to 311 baccalaureate nursing students who were also asked to indicate their relative preferences for various fields of specialization within nursing and their preferences for working with child, adult, and elderly patients. The study was designed to examine factors--a two-semester course in human development and aging, visits with a physically "well" older person living in the community, attitudes toward the aged, and several biographic factors--associated with increased interest in working with elderly patients. Findings included: Students showed minimal interest in working in nursing homes; they preferred to work with child and adult patients. The more stereotyped their thinking about the aged, the greater their interest in working with ederly patients. Students who previously worked in a nursing home or convalescent hospital showed greater willingness to work with elderly patients. The authors suggest that schools of nursing include gerontology in their curriculums and that nursing students be provided with clinical experience in institutions for the aged to acquaint them with, and to encourage interest in, this increasingly important field of specialization.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Early complications in patients previously treated with corticosteroids.

A retrospective analysis is presented is presented of 205 major operations performed over a 10-year period on 95 previously steroid-treated patients with Crohn's disease (C.D.) or ulcerative colitis (U.C.). All patients had been treated both in the medical and in the surgical gastroenterological department. The incidence of early postoperative complications was high, but there was nothing to suggest a relationship between the complications and the intensity of the preoperative steroid therapy. However, mortality rate, duration of hospital convalescence as well as incidence of complications were found to be significantly lower in those patients who had undergone elective in preference to emergency surgery. The fear of an increased complication rate following intensive steroid treatment of patients with acute C.D. or U.C. is, in our opinion, unfounded.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the participation of resident physicians in the surgical treatment of gallbladder lithiasis].

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of resident participation in the results of surgical treatment in 1149 consecutive patients operated for biliary disease between January, 1980 and December, 1987 at the Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán". Patients were divided in three groups: GROUP I. 640 cases treated by surgical residents under a senior surgeon supervision. GROUP II. 168 patients operated by the chief surgical resident. GROUP III. 341 patients treated by senior staff surgeons. Age, sex and risk factors were similar between groups. Residents performed more operative cholangiograms (p less than 0.05). In general, senior surgeons performed more transduodenal sphincteroplasties (p less than 0.05) and other additional procedures like appendectomies and gastrostomies during the same surgery. Wound infection was more frequent in group III patients (p less than 0.005) but there was no significant clinical difference in other postoperative complications like intraabdominal abscess, bile fistula, wound dehiscence, intraabdominal bleeding, iatrogenic injury of the biliary tract, and residual common duct stone. The duration of the in-hospital convalescence period was similar in all three groups. The mortality rate for the total series was 2.2%. In group II there were more patients affected for acute cholecystitis, and more patients died postoperatively (p = less than 0.01). We may consider this difference attributable to the more complex patients handled by the chief resident. Mortality rate among patients with chronic biliary tract disease was less than 1%. We were not able to demonstrate any significant difference in mortality and complication rates between those patients operated by residents, chief residents and senior surgeons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cholelithiasis↗