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PubMed2001

[Social urban development and poverty control as health promotion].

The Salomon Neumann Medal of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention bears the inscription. "Medicine is a Social Science". This provocative statement is most topical. It compels us to actively promote health by healthier living and environmental conditions apart from medical prevention. A core of this sphere of action is the reduction of social inequalities. Several recent congresses and publications have clearly shown that this subject remains one of the biggest challenges facing health promotion. German law has set the signs for reducing socially rooted inequalities for chances of health. This article postulates the thesis that health promotion can find allies for a healthy public policy in programmes planning for healthy urban development and for combatting poverty. The specific approaches for combatting social inequalities in the health sphere are reported and examples are given how such a health promotion policy may be translated into reality on a communal level. Finally, spotlight is on the dilemma of combatting inequality of chance due to differences in social status.

Germany↗
PubMed1996

A graduate course in work site health promotion for occupational health practitioners.

This paper describes the rationale, teaching strategies, outcomes, and a 6-month follow-up of an academic course in work site health promotion, in which 35 occupational health practitioners participated. The one-semester course was part of the Masters in Science program in occupational health at the Tel-Aviv University Medical School. The primary goals of the study were to teach the theoretical bases of work site health promotion and their application to specific health needs, and to train better role models for employees. The primary teaching strategies were: (1) facilitation of experiential learning, by encouraging students to undergo health screening and then engage in a personal health promotion plan; (2) use of health promotion experts as guest teachers; and (3) an increase in formal knowledge through formal lectures and background reading. At the time of follow-up, most of the students were still adhering to their plans and maintaining much of their health promotion achievements. Additional outcomes included increased awareness of health risks and health promotion issues, and positions as role models in the private and professional domains. The primary barrier to adherence was low frustration tolerance, which can be regarded as the major challenge to health promotion programs and courses. It is suggested that the course format is an effective means of educating health promoters.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Community support. Promoting health and self-care.

Nursing has become more aware of the importance of community-based health care for elders. Community supports assist older adults to maintain or improve their health, care for themselves, and continue living at home as long as possible. A variety of community services are needed by older people to achieve these purposes. Many of the services provide support for health promotion and self-care activities. These are activities in which people engage to enhance their well-being and increase their personal fulfillment and self-actualization. Health promotion program topics include exercise, nutrition, stress reduction, and physical and mental health. Self-care is the method by which people implement the lifestyle changes necessary to promote their health. As the move toward health promotion and self-care activities grows, nurses need to be alert to the issues that impact the development of community-based programs. These issues include the utilization of community health services by older adults, the allocation of health care resources to wellness-oriented as well as illness-oriented services, and reimbursement for both health promotion and nursing services. Future directions in community care for elders will include a continuing concern for cost containment. Research therefore will be needed to demonstrate the potential for cost effectiveness of health promotion and self-care activities. Interdisciplinary health care teams working with elders in the community may be the most effective means to support the quality of life that we all desire for our later years.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Promoting health instead of health education].

The idea of health education--meaning experts telling laymen how to setup a healthy behaviour by applying educational tricks--is an illusion. Humans don't act as they should by following the ideas of public health scientists, not even after an intensive educational training. They aren't trivial machines. Their way of acting ist not predeterminable. A change of strategy from health promotion to changing the attitude to health promotion to random circumstances of living has been of limited success. Changing these circumstances (top down) improves only a part of health influencing factors. It is impossible to exclude that by changing these factors others are made worse. But by ethic standards we are titled to check decisions relating to living conditions in respect of their health relevance. Therefore, health promotion meaning the promotion of more self-determination of one's own health is inevitable if a sustainable success is wanted. The request for a short-time measure of success is understandable from an economic point of view but it is not adequate. In the long run this would lead to trivilaesation++ of matters that are not trivial.

Forecasting↗
PubMed2001

Working with licensed cosmetologists to promote health: results from the North Carolina BEAUTY and Health Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Beauty salons are located in all communities and represent a promising channel for delivering health promotion programs. No previous salon-based health promotion program has assessed the needs, interests, and preferences of licensed cosmetologists about sharing health information with their clients. METHODS: Licensed cosmetologists in one town completed a mailed survey assessing (1) health topics typically discussed with clients, (2) interest in delivering messages about beauty and health, and (3) preferred methods for learning about and sharing health information with their clients. RESULTS: The average cosmetologist sees 47 clients per week and spends 30-60 min per appointment. Eighty-two percent report that they are interested in talking about health with their clients. Most cosmetologists already discuss a wide range of health topics with their clients and are most comfortable discussing healthy eating (65.3%), physical activity (63.3%), and dieting (63.3%). Cosmetologists preferred reading pamphlets (55.1%) and watching educational videos (46.9%) to learn about beauty and health. Distributing pamphlets (69.4%), talking with clients (61.2%), and placing posters/mirror stickers in the salons (59.2%) were the methods cosmetologists most preferred for sharing health information with their clients. CONCLUSIONS: Licensed cosmetologists are in a unique position to serve as "natural helpers" by delivering health messages to their clients and reinforcing those messages over time. Partnerships with licensed cosmetologists should be developed to deliver salon-based health promotion programs.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A prospective study of stage of change for general health promotion action and health-related lifestyle practices among Chinese adults.

In a previous study we proposed the notion of general health promotion action (GHPA) defined as "a general intention and actual practices to take action aimed to promote health." GHPA is a subjective measure of health-promoting lifestyle which may reflect practices aimed to promote health and practices which are taken for non-health reasons but which nonetheless have health benefits. The present prospective study aimed to examine whether baseline stage of change for GHPA predicted health-related lifestyle practices at 24-month follow-up in a representative community-based cohort of 3129 Hong Kong Chinese adults. Overall, 37% of the subjects remained in the same stage, 43% had progressed to later stages, and 20% had regressed to earlier stages of change at follow-up. Baseline maintainers were the most likely to report desirable lifestyle practices at follow-up. They were significantly more likely to have exercised in the past month, consumed at least 2 portions of fruit a day, consumed at least 3 portions of vegetable a day, consumed at least 5 portions of fruit or vegetable a day, have had no episodes of binge drinking in the past month, and have had a dental examination at least once a year. The association remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, education, income and baseline level of respective lifestyle practices, with significantly increasing trends from precontemplation to maintenance stage. We conclude that the predictive validity of stage of change for GHPA was supported from these longitudinal findings, and further research on how GHPA can guide health promotion strategies is warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

An aggressive approach to promoting health responsibility.

1. A self-care framework is appropriate for nursing assessment of health-promoting lifestyle practices among older adults. 2. Older adults do accept responsibility for their own health and practice preventative and health-promoting behaviors. 3. This group of adults does plan changes in health habits. A significant number are able to sustain change in habits over time. 4. Nurses are not perceived as sources of health-promoting information or support for health activities by this age group. Nurses need to be more aggressive promoters of health for all adults to retain this very important component of nursing practice.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Visual art and breast health promotion: artists' perspectives.

Unique methodologies to promote health are important to meet the needs of various populations. This paper presents a collaborative approach among nursing, visual arts, and women's studies to promote breast health using visual art. The purpose of this paper is to describe the project from the perspectives of the artists, gain insight into breast health, and understand the use of visual art as a health promotion tool. A structured interview format was employed and data were thematically analyzed. The three main themes that emerged were a strong personal connection to and fear of breast cancer, the need and desire to promote health within the community, and the uni-dimensional nature of breast cancer and breast health. The interviews demonstrated that visual art is an innovative and adaptive methodology to promote breast health.

Art Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Views of health promotion among primary health care nurses and midwives in Jordan.

The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of Jordanian nurses and midwives working in primary care settings regarding health promotion. Views of health promotion were examined using a descriptive survey design to measure nurses' perceptions of constraints, responsibilities for health promotion, and client's response to health education. All nurses and midwives (n = 104) working in the Irbid Governorate primary health care (PHC) and maternal and child health care (MCH) centers were surveyed and 95% responded. The data revealed that respondents acknowledged their responsibility to provide health activities and that nurses believed that they were better suited than physicians to do so. Fifty percent of respondents did not believe that lack of time was a barrier to carry out health promotion effectively. However, more midwives than nurses were pessimistic about patient teaching, patient acceptance, and the ability of the provider to make a difference in the patient's health behaviors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Promoting health with elderly people.

Outpatient departments provide a valuable opportunity to give elderly people education and information about health promotion. A study of 23 elderly patients showed that they spent long periods waiting in outpatient departments, time which they felt could be used profitably for health promotion. The older patients in the sample had less knowledge about their health than the younger patients, requesting information on functional aspects of health and services available to them in the community. It is recommended that health promotion should be incorporated into planned care in outpatient clinics, and that staff need to undergo further training to fulfil this role.

Age Factors↗