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Results for “Histrionic Personality Disorder”

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PubMed1983

Clinical types in a normal population: concurrent and construct validity.

Examined the relationship between personality and psychopathology through the use of the Multivariate Personality Inventory (MPI) (N = 100). The concurrent validity study compared the factors of the MPI with those of the Lazare-Klerman Personality Inventory, which was developed for a pathological population. Factor analysis of these two inventories yielded three factors that correspond to the three predicted personality styles: Hysteric, Compulsive, and Character Disorder. In the second part of this study the construct validity of these scales was examined. Results showed significant differences among groups in the predicted directions, which indicates that the personality groups as defined by the MPI in a normal population perform as would be predicted from work with pathological groups that bear the same label. Construct validity measures did not support the predictions with regard to the performance of the personality types.

Compulsive Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1983

The adjective generation technique: consistency of self-description in psychiatric patients.

There has been considerable controversy about whether human behavior is consistent across situations and time. Using the adjective generation technique (AGT), Allen and Potkay (1973, 1977a) found that subjects' self-favorability was quite variable and concluded that this did not support Bem and Allen's (1974) position that the consistency would be greater if idiographic assessment techniques were utilized. Bem (1977) criticized this conclusion, making the points that the AGT is not idiographic and that the favorability value of each day should be considered as a single item in a larger test rather than be considered independently. The present study was designed to address both the consistency of behavior across time and also the controversy regarding the AGT. Eleven psychiatric inpatients completed the AGT for 30 consecutive days. The results indicated that while AGT values are highly variable on a day-to-day basis, these values are quite consistent when averaged across even short periods of time. These results are very similar to those reported by Epstein (1979).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Taxonomic aspects of clinical character typology.

Whereas clinical character typology is based upon one typological idealized personality description of the same illness model, empirical character typology is concerned with the identification of the different personality structures for the same illness model. We have been able to prove that in a taxonomical analysis (Q-factor analysis) of patients and healthy persons subgroups can be identified whose mean-value profiles justify designation as depressive, compulsive, and hysterical personality. This classification was replicated from a second sample. Through this personality classification it becomes possible to determine the distribution of the three personality structures from a clinical group. The distribution of the personality structure in neurotic depression was 59% for the depressive, 19% for the compulsive, and 22% for the hysterical personality. We were able to prove that they can be characterized by various coping strategies which presumably require different psychotherapeutic interventions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Personality, sexual adjustment, and brain lesions in patients with conversion symptoms.

To clarify the interrelationships of conversion symptoms, hysterical personality, sexual adjustment, and cerebral organic disorders the authors studied 89 patients with classic motor conversion symptoms (group L) and compared a subgroup of 24 of these patients (group H) with 24 matched control patients (group C). They found hysterical personality in 19% of group L, 21% of group H, and none of group C and passive-immature-dependent personality in 19% of group L, 21% of group H, and none of group C. Forty-eight percent of group L, 50% of group H, and 58% of group C had some cerebral disorder. Patients with conversion symptoms who also had hysterical and passive-immature-dependent personalities were especially likely to have sexual abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Patients' reactions to humorous interventions in psychotherapy.

This study explores the preference of patients for humorous or nonhumorous therapist interventions. Hysterical, obsessive, and depressive patients were presented with three functional kinds of humorous interventions: emotional confrontation, anxiety reduction and perspective development. The data indicate that the patients consistently favored the nonhumorous interventions, but the degree of this preference varied according to personality style. Obsessive patients stood out in their ardent repudiation of humorous interventions. The results suggest that the desirability of utilizing humor in therapy depends on a multiplicity of parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

On the politics of madness: a preliminary analysis of the relationship between social roles and psychotherapy.

This study presents a brief account of a theory that argues that diagnostic categories of madness and their prototypes are equivalent to the fulfillment of the roles and role stereotypes of the status groups that tend to receive the diagnoses most often. Two studies provided tentative support for the theory. The results of the first study revealed that clinicians attributed to the stereotypes of various status groups precisely those diagnoses that the groups tend to receive. The second study revealed that undergraduates who were given diagnostic prototypes from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition (1980) (DSM-III) and were asked to predict the status characteristics of the persons described therein correctly reproduced well known epidemiological data. These results imply an intimate relationship between social and psychiatric taxonomies, and thus raise questions about the meaning of madness in our society.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Impulsivity.

Disorders characterized by impulsivity include disorders of impulse control (intermittent explosive disorder, pyromania, kleptomania, pathological gambling and trichotillomania), paraphilias, sexual impulsions and sexual addictions and impulsive aggression personality disorders (borderline, antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorders). Impulsivity has a substantial impact on both individuals and society. Impulse control disorders may be conceptualized as a subset of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. In this article, we examine the genetic and neurobiological aetiology of these disorders and possible treatment options. The link between serotonergic dysfunction and the pathophysiology of impulsivity is discussed, and studies that examine the efficacy of various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other alternatives in the treatment of impulsive disorders such as pathological gambling, sexual addictions and borderline personality disorder are presented.

Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Suicide of young adults: psychiatric and psychosocial comorbidity].

This paper is concerned with a specific population of young adults who were admitted to the Patrick Dewaere Center, a crisis unit dedicated to suicidal young adults aged 15 to 35. We analysed data from a group of 885 patients hospitalized from July 1996 to November 2003. The psychiatric and psychosocial comorbidity of these young suicidal adults was outlined from data contained in the "Minimum Psychiatric Summary" (MPS). Several observations were made: There was a high prevalence of adaptation disorders (67.3%) contrasting with a rather low proportion of major depressive disorders. There was also a very high prevalence of personality disorders 80%), particularly, histrionical or borderline personality disorders. Diffuse, atypical somatic complaints, mainly related to sleep and appetite, that often failed to yield a precise medical diagnosis, were most frequent. A close relationship between suicide and psychosocial problems was apparent and attested the importance of the quality of social links. The value of short hospitalization among this generally active population was evidenced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Personality connotations of psychiatric diagnoses. Implications for a similarity model.

The major concern of this study was to identify the personality traits connotated by a number of diagnostic labels such as paranoid, schizoid, hysterical, and cyclothymic. Twenty psychiatrists were given a list of nonpsychotic personality disorders and were asked to indicate what personality traits were typically associated with them. Results showed good agreement among psychiatrists on the personality traits they believed to be implied by the diagnostic terms. A factor analysis of the ratings showed a circular configuration of relative similarity among the different diagnoses. The results are interpreted as indicating that diagnostic labels are types of codes for various sectors of an implicit space of traits, signs, and symptoms.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed2006

Was the myth of Narcissus misinterpreted by Freud? Narcissus, a model for schizoid-histrionic, not narcissistic, personality disorder.

Gods and heroes of Greek myths have been of interest to psychoanalysts, who find them as symbols of human intrapsychic life, evolution, and conflicts. Many of these gods and heroes, like Oedipus, Electra, Eros, and Narcissus, have had their names given to psychological situations, conflicts, and diseases. Freud picked the myth of Narcissus as a symbol of a self-absorbed person whose libido is invested in the ego itself, rather than in other people. The term narcissistic personality disorder, also taken from the myth, describes a self-loving character with grandiose feelings of uniqueness. In this article, I reevaluate the myth of Narcissus and present a different psychoanalytic concept for this story. I view Narcissus as a symbol of a youth who seeks the image of anima or a feminine mental image in interpersonal love relationships, an image that can never be found in the real external world. This misguided quest for an imaginary love object only results in solitude.

Ego↗
PubMed1977

Depressive disorders and religious conversions.

The sparse psychiatric literature concerning religious conversions is reviewed. Four case histories of diagnosed depressive illness followed by religious conversion are presented. In two obsessive-compulsive patients, the religious experience failed to resolve the depression, and both ended in suicide. Two hysterical personalities had a resolution of depressive symptoms following the religious experience. The authors suggest that religious conversion dynamically strengthens repression in hysterical persons, but in some cases fails to resolve obsessive isolation of affect and ambivalence.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Familiality of DSM-III dramatic and anxious personality clusters.

This double-blind family study was an investigation of the familiality of DSM-III avoidant, dependent, borderline, anxious cluster, and flamboyant cluster personality disorders (PDs) using a standardized DSM-III axis II measure. With the exception of borderline personality, there are no previous reports in this area. Avoidant, dependent, and anxious cluster PDs showed significant familiality. Borderline showed a trend in the direction of familiality but did not reach significance (p = .07). Relatives of flamboyant cluster PDs demonstrated significant but heterogeneous personality disorder pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Psychological and psychiatric aspects of pain.

The relationship of pain to personality and the significance have been discussed. Pain may first be evidence of tissue damage, secondly it may be used as a means of communicating emotional distress to others and thirdly, it may be a means of manipulating others, expressing hostility or relieving guilt. The evidence is clear that an understanding of mental life and its relation to pain is important if this symptoms is to be dealt with effectively, irrespective of whether it is physical or psychogenic in origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The MCMI as a measure of DSM-III.

The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) has been interpreted as a measure of DSM-III disorders. However, the MCMI was constructed and validated primarily as a measure of Millon's (1969, 1981) taxonomy, not DSM-III. Comparison of the two taxonomies and examination of the MCMI's content validity for two of the MCMI scales indicate only a partial congruence between the Millon and DSM-III taxonomies. There has been no published empirical research concerning the relationship between the MCMI and DSM-III, and the derivation and cross-validation research for the MCMI scales employed Millon's taxonomy and not DSM-III. It is suggested that until such data have been presented one should be cautious in one's interpretation of the MCMI as a measure of DSM-III disorders.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1975

Hysteria.

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Abreaction↗