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115 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Bacterial studies on the occurrence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in fecal samples of zoo ruminants].

Mycobacterium (M.) paratuberculosis was isolated from fecal samples of 3 (21.4%) from 14 mouflons, of 10 (20.4%) from 49 dwarf goats, of 5 (14.3%) from 35 Cameroon sheep and of 1 (9.1%) from 11 alpine ibex. M. paratuberculosis could not found by cultural method in fecal samples of 22 Pinzgauer goats, of 15 bantengs, of 9 wild goats, of 9 skuddens, of 6 four-horned sheep, of 3 red-head sheep, and of 1 chamois. From all 19 animals with cultural positive fecal samples complement binding antibodies against M. paratuberculosis could not be found in the corresponding serum samples. The results confirm that M. paratuberculosis is more frequently in small zoo ruminants than up to now was suspected. The cultural examination of fecal samples has been proved to be a better method for detecting animal excretors than serological investigations by means of the complement fixation test.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Identification of three types of granules in neutrophils of ruminants. Ultrastructure of circulating and maturing cells.

The production of three populations of granules during maturation and their occurrence in the neutrophils of a number of ruminants is described. Bone marrow samples from cows, sheep, and goats were fixed, reacted for peroxidase, and examined by transmission electron microscopy. Granule formation was found to occur at three subsequent stages. As in other species including man, it begins with the production of peroxidase-positive granules and is concluded with the production of moderately dark-staining, peroxidase-negative granules of similar size. These two organelles have the characteristics of the azurophil or primary and specific or secondary granules of other species. At an intermediate stage, a different type of peroxidase-negative granule, the large granule, is formed. Its profile is round and markedly larger than those of azurophil and specific granules. The large granules initially have a loose, undulated membrane and fill gradually with matrix which in early forms consists of a central core. Fully developed large granules have a sharply defined membrane and a pale, very uniform content. The two types of peroxidase-negative granules can be distinguished by their sizes and times of formation and also by the appearance of their content which is more coarse and darker in the specific granules. Mature neutrophils from cows, goats, sheep, and an ibex were also examined. Two features are common to all cells viewed: the presence of three types of granules and the preponderance of the large granule population. The results of this study, together with evidence from cell fractionation experiments, suggest that the large granules are a characteristic property of the neutrophils of ruminants.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Observations on Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides infection in Saanen goats.

An epizootic in white Saanen goats, caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides is described. Twenty-five flocks totalling approximately 4,500 animals were involved. The disease was characterized by a high, transient temperature, general malaise and mastitis in the lactating does, and a keratoconjunctivitis, arthritis, mycoplasmaemia and death among the kids. In one goat flock there was a precipitous change in the character of the disease, from a predominantly mastitis syndrome to a fulminating pleuropneumonia. In another goat flock, twin kids were born with an advanced purulent, proliferative arthritis, suggesting early congenital infection. In yet another infected flock there were cases of subcutaneous abscesses from which both M. mycoides and Corynebacterium pyogenes were cultured. M. mycoides was also isolated from synovial fluid and the parenchymal organs of an Ibex mountain goat that died of a purulent polyarthritis. Experimental infection in kids caused a diffuse cellulitis at the site of inoculation, a high fever, polyarthritis and death.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The role of wild animals in the ecology of dermatophytes and related fungi.

The problems associated with infections by dermatophytes and related fungi are discussed. Published and unpublished surveys of 1 481 wild animals of the orders Carnivora, Ungulata, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, Insectivora and Chiroptera and of 29 birds proved to be positive for fungi which were classified as potentially pathogenic zoophilic, potentially pathogenic geophilic and normally non-pathogenic geophilic. Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes was isolated from 11% of rodents; the fungus was also isolated from Insectivora, the hare and the ibex. T. mentagrophytes var. erinacei was reported in the hedgehog. Microsporum canis was reported in rodents from anthropogenic areas. M. gypseum was reported in Ungulata, Lagomorpha and Rodentia; other geophilic fungi were found in all the orders investigated, with the exception of Chiroptera which proved to be constantly negative. The relationship between the presence of animals and the "animalization" of the environment, and the consequent presence of geophilic fungi is discussed. It is concluded that wild animals may play a role as carriers of dermatophytes and related fungi, may create environmental conditions favourable to their growth and may help to monitor the presence of a fungus in a given area.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1993

[Biodiversity and similarity between the nematode parasite communities of domestic and wild ruminants].

The analysis of the bibliografical information concerning to the nematode parasite communities of domestic and wild ruminants, permitted to obtein the following values of Maximum Diversity Index, Bovidae: 4.88 bits; Cervidae: 4.33 bits and Cameliae: 3.69 bits. The highest values of this index within each family of host wee 5.75 bits. 5.49 bits and 4.32 bits for Ovis aries (Bovidae), Capreolus capreolus (Cervidae), Lama pacos and Camelus dromedarius (Camelidae), respectively. The families of parasites with direct biological cycles, showed higher values of Maximun Diversity Index than those families with parasites that require vectors or intermediates hosts in their biological cycles. Concerning to the Similarity Index among the hosts in relation to their communities of nematode parasite, the highest values (> 60%) were presented between the following species: Ovis aries-Capra hircus; O. aries-Bos taurus; B. taurus-C. hircus; Capra ibex-Rupicapra rupicapra; Capreolus capreolus-Cervus elaphus; C. elaphus-Dama dama; Lama pacos-Vicugna vicugna; D. dama.-C. capreolus.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Oestrid head maggots in slaughtered sheep in Cairo abattoir.

Oestrosis or infestation of sheep, goats, ibex, argali and sometimes man with Oestrus ovis maggots is a real problem in sheep-farming areas allover the world. Parasitism in sheep may be benign, the majority of cases do not terminate fatally, but death may come within a week after appearance of aggravated symptoms. In man, ophthalmomyiasis (sometimes nasopharyngeal) may be benign to destruction of the eye ball or the entire eye in misdiagnosis. In the present study, examination of 1200 slaughtered sheep heads at Cairo abattoir, showed 104 (8.67%) infested with O. ovis maggots. Sheep were parasitized all the year round with more or less maximum number (12.5%) in September. The sex ratio of parasitized sheep (female to male) was 1:2.71. A total of 556 maggots were recovered allover the year with a peak in March (12.6%). The peak for the first instar larvae recovered was September (17.4%), for the second instar was March (15.7%) and for the third instar was June (11.6%). Older sheep were more infested (12.0%) with oestrosis than smaller ones (6.87%). The whole results were discussed.

Abattoirs↗