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PubMed1977

[The possibility of oral rehabilitation of the handicapped under anesthesia].

In addition to technical and personnel requirements, clinical experience is necessary for oral rehabilitation of handicapped patients under general anesthesia. As our investigation has shown, the dental measures conceivable under legal aspects and theoretically feasible under general anesthesia, are almost exclusively limited to uncompromising, dental surgical reconstruction, if possible in one session. Conservative measures show a lasting success in few cases only, especially in occlusal acrylic and amalgam fillings of handicapped persons of sufficient intelligence and personal oral hygiene. Treatment under general anesthesia is inevitably indicated in imbeciles, the feeble-minded, spastics, epileptics, and sometimes in mongoloids. The patient's wish or that of his companion are not sufficient, nor the lack of will or obstinacy. Only after all other means failed, should oral rehabilitation be performed under general anesthesia.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed2003

Filicide cases in Turkey, 1995-2000.

AIM: To determine socio-demographic features and criminal liability of individuals who committed filicide in Turkey. METHOD: The study involved 85 cases of filicide evaluated by the 4th Specialized Board of the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Istanbul in the 1995-2000 period. We assessed the characteristics of parents who committed filicide (age, sex, education level, employment status, and criminal liability) and children victims (age, sex, own or stepchild), as well as the causes of death. RESULTS: There were 85 parents who committed filicide (41 fathers and 44 mothers) and 96 children victims. The mean age of mothers who committed filicide (52% of filicides) was 26.5-/+7.7 years, and the mean age of fathers (48% of filicides) was 36.1-/+10.0 years (t=-5.00, p<0.001). Individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disturbances, such as schizophrenia (61%), major depression (22%), imbecility (10%), and mild mental retardation (7%), were not subject to criminal liability. Almost half of parents who committed filicide were unemployed and illiterate. CONCLUSION: Filicide in Turkey was equally committed by mothers and fathers. More than half of the parents were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders and came from disadvantageous socioeconomic environments, where unemployment and illiteracy rates are highly above the average of Turkey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Criteria for the social and vocational prognosis in pronounced mental retardation].

Overall 370 mentally retarded persons (aged 15 to 35 years) staying at the specialized institutions of the RSFSR Ministry of Social Welfare were examined. The degree of the intellectual defect, concomitant psychopathological disorders, correlations between the degree of the intellectual defect and the ability for mastering labour and social skills, the conditions of living and training of the patients were accepted as criteria for social and labour prediction. Statistically significant differences were established in the values of integrative mark estimations of patients with pronounced debility, of those with mild, medium and profound imbecility. Significant correlations were revealed between the degree of mental retardation, on the one hand, and the level of mastering labour skills and social experience, on the other one. In the patients with pronounced debility, the psychopathlike syndrome was among concomitant psychopathological disorders producing a significant effect on social and labour prognosis. The relationship was established between the magnitude of the integrative assessment of the degree of the intellectual defect and realization of potential capacities of mentally retarded persons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The oral health status and the tasks of pediatric dental care for mentally handicapped children and adolescents].

1,018 cerebrally handicapped children were examined and the results were compared with the data of a study of 22,112 children. The caries prevalence (DMF/T and DMF/S), the oral hygiene (OHI-S) and the periodontal treatment needs (CPITN) were recorded. The caries prevalence of the retarded is nearly the same in children without handicap, but the caries prevalence is less in imbeciles and idiots. The degree of treated teeth is lower in the group of handicapped children. The periodontal status is more too bad but there are found no series periodontal diseases. Summarizing it must be demanded an early cooperation between the "dispensary of handicapped children" and the dentist for children and a realization of an intensive preventive care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness of the pediatric psychiatry consultation in stomatologic patients who are difficult to treat].

The obtained results suggest that the pedopsychiatric consultation is advantageous with regard to its psychotherapeutical effect on problem patients with normal intellectual capacity and with mental deficiency at debility level, i.e. individuals attending primary and special school. When some highly debile, or imbecile and idiotic children and adolescents refuse to cooperate during the stomatological attendance, the pedopsychiatric consultation fails. In these cases, stomatological attendance has to be performed under general anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of vitamin administration on mental development in mentally retarded children].

Vitamin administration in severely mentally retarded children in order to improve their IQ and other forms of personality development has not such a favourable effect as in children with minor cerebral dysfunction. The author administered vitamins A, B, C, D and E to 18 imbecile children. As compared with a control group not given vitamins, no marked changes were observed. This leads to the view that the favourable action of vitamins in children with minor cerebral dysfunction is sometimes assumed in severely mentally affected children where the final effect is in the optimal case nil.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The frequency of X-linked mental retardation].

600 mentally retarded children, 339 boys and 261 girls aged 5-9 years were examined. Boys to girls ratio (B:G) was found in the total group to be 1.3. Among 257 children with mental retardation of confirmed genetic origin B:G = 1.4, in 129 children with confirmed exogenous defects B:G = 1.04. The significant prevalence of boys over girls was characteristic of children with monogenic forms. The frequency of X-linked mental retardation in the total group, in all mentally retarded boys and in boys with genetic forms was 12.5 +/- 1.3%, 22.1 +/- 2.2% and 28.5 +/- 2.8%, respectively. The frequency of X-linked mental retardation was higher in boys with genetic forms of imbecility.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Leprechaunism].

A course of leprechaunism is described in a 6-month-old girl who died of cachexia in the presence of generalized cytomegalia and myocardial metabolic derangement caused by cardiac arterial calcinosis. Proband sib aged 7 suffered from deaf-mutism and imbecility. There were multiple deformities of the face and body, skin hyperkeratosis with papillomatosis and melanoderma, hirsutism, pseudohermaphroditism, breast hyperplasia, normal serum glucose. Ovarian polycystosis and nephromegaly were detected at autopsy. Histologically, there appeared nesidioblastosis, Leydig's cells focal hyperplasia in the ovaries, cystic renal dysplasia calcinosis of cardiac arteries, those of mesentery of the small intestine, spleen, pancreas and thyroid gland. The final diagnosis was established on the basis of the whole complex of clinical and morphological signs.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Organization of the medico-social rehabilitation of mentally retarded adolescents in specialized pediatric boarding homes].

The authors present socio-hygienic characteristics of 1137 adolescents from 68 boarding homes for mentally-retarded children and clinical characteristics of 102 of these adolescents. The latter type of characterization includes the description of the degree of imbecility and attendant psychopathological disturbances. On the basis of the developed model of rehabilitation (organization of differential rehabilitation regimens, individual programme of communal and occupational adaptation of mentally retarded children, the organization of their training to acquire professional skills in specially created conditions of an industrial enterprise) the authors show a positive dynamics of attendant psychopathological disorders. It has been established that a certain proportion of adolescents with marked mental retardation may acquire professional skills and actively participate in socially useful production.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term survival following acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in childhood].

48 patients with ALL (3%) treated according to two different protocols survived 5 years or longer. The mean survival time was 13.0 +/- 5.0 years, but 29 patients lived 16.5 +/- 3.0 years. Only 18 patients (38%) were 16.9 +/- 3.0 years in them 1. CCR, the longest remission time amounted to more than 25 years. Of the patients relapsed 9 are 8.4 +/- 2.8 years in 2. CR. Late relapses after 5 years were observed in seven cases the last in the 9th year of disease. After 5 years the survival rate in both protocols was not different. As a late sequelae, there was one patient with intrahepatic block and portal hypertension and one with encephalopathy and imbecility. All patients were able to leave their professional examination, 5 patients married and 6 healthy children were born.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Dementia in atherosclerotic parkinsonism].

The results of the clinical analysis of the disease course in 35 patients with atherosclerotic dementia attended by marked Parkinsonism were collated in the respective parameters of 40 patients of the control group (atherosclerotic dementia without significant extrapyramidal disorders). Comparison of premorbid pathoplastic factors indicates significant predominance of head injuries and neuroinfections in the test group. Two types of dementia with extrapyramidal abnormalities are described: domination of asthenodepressive, hypochondriac symptomatology and predominance of stheno-explosive manifestations not infrequently resulting in delirium. Proceeding from the peculiarities of affectivity, inclinations, self-evaluation and criticism in combination with characteristic intellectual-mnemonic impairments, the authors validate the relative independence of the studied variant of atherosclerotic imbecility.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Features of the organization of occupational therapy in the complex treatment of patients with severe degrees of mental retardation].

A clinical and experimental study of two groups of patients with idiopathic oligophrenia in the stages of idiocy and deep imbecility bordering on idiocy (48 adults aged 23-35 years and 14 boys aged 12-16 years with different terms of total hospitalization) has shown the possibility of changing behavioural reactions of the patients. Stable occupational skills for performing two kinds of elementary work (preparation of half-finished cardboard boxes and assembling of panels) have been cultivated in the patients. The methods for the organization of labor therapy for patients suffering from erectile and torpid forms of this disease have been elaborated. The data suggest that it is possible to develop purposeful forms of behaviour in patients of this group. Comparison of two different age groups shows the necessity of the earliest possible employment of labor therapy in the combined treatment aimed at correcting the psychomotor defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Features of the psychic functions of patients with severe degrees of oligophrenia].

Clinical and experimental study involving occupational therapy was conducted in two age-different groups of patients with idiopathic oligophrenia at the stage of idiocy and profound imbecility bordering on idiocy. It proved to be possible to alter behavioural reactions of the patients and to develop in them some stable occupational skills. The results obtained point to the possibility of the development of the primitive purposeful forms of behaviour and correction of the psychomotor defects by occupational therapy, particularly in early childhood. Methodology has been elaborated for organizing the process of occupational therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Concomitant neuropsychiatric symptoms in a case of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].

The case of a 15-year-old boy with Ehlers-Danlos-Syndrome (EDS) is described. Clinically the symptoms of considerable hyperextension of joints, abnormal extensibility of skin, moderate bleeding tendencies and slight vulnerability of the skin, deformity of the thorax are corresponding with type I of EDS. Ocular symptoms are missing. Histologically the picture is that of mitis type resp. type II of EDS. An autosomal dominant inheritance is to be supposed. Psychically an imbecillity likely as a result of perinatally acquired brain damage, and an autistic syndrome of broken home situation are present. Differential diagnosis and genetic significance of EDS are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Trichorrhexis nodosa in electron microscopy].

Trichorrhexis nodosa, i. e. a hair fracturing into brush-like widened stumps, was analyzed in an imbecile 4 year-old boy without any sign of aminoaciduria or disturbance of copper metabolism. Scanning electron microscopy showed smoothed hair cuticula with irregular ridges and surface splitting. According to the transmission electron microscopy disintegration of superficial and profound cuticular elements as well was due to progressive development of vacuoles and clefts in amorphous keratin.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

[Appraisal of work capacity and rehabilitation in infantile cerebral palsy].

In clinical conditions 189 patients with infantile cerebral paralysis were examined, and ways of their medical, family, social, and working rehabilitation were analyzed. The medical rehabilitation appeared to be the most effective in patients with pareses of the extremities and speech disorders. The prognosis as regards the working capacity was the most favourable in patients with mild and mode;ate pareses (hemi-, para-, and fetrapareses) and unfavourable in patients with severe hyperkinesias, pronounced oligophrenia, and combined pathology (hyperkinesias + tetrapareses; tetrapareses + debility and/or speech disorders). While specifying the disability groups attention was paid to the degree of the function impairment (mild, moderate, grave) and to the working prognosis. Patients with pronounced tetrapareses and contractures in all the joints, grave hyperkinesias in all the four extremities, and imbecility were classed with disability group I: those with pronounced para-, hemi-, and tetrapareses, extensive hyperkinesias, combination of the motor disorders with debility were placed into disability group II. While classing patients with disability group III the character and degree of the function impairments, the patients profession, contraindicated factors of the work, and compensatory potentialities were taken into account. The studies have shown that the existing scepticism with regard to the working capacity prognosis in patients with infantile cerebral paralysis is due to insufficient elucidation of their working potentialities in literature.

Adolescent↗