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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Bio and immuno-activity of FSH in serum after intramuscular injection of highly purified urinary human FSH in normal men.

The pharmacokinetics of a human FSH preparation widely used in clinical practice was evaluated in healthy male volunteers whose endogenous FSH was suppressed by 19-nortestosterone injections. 9.7 h following intramuscular injection of 150 IU FSH the mean immunoreactive peak concentration over baseline was 3.8 IU/1. Injection of 450 IU FSH led to a mean immunoreactive peak level of 10.4 IU/1 at 9.8 h. Mean half-life was 24.6 h (150 IU FSH) and 32.6 h (450 IU FSH). Serum bioFSH concentrations were suppressed below the detection limit after injection of the 19-nortestosterone and rose to preinjection levels after administration of FSH. Mean bioactive peak level for the 450 IU FSH was 7.3 IU/1 FSH at 7.4 h. The half-life of bioFSH was calculated to be 13.4 h and is considerably shorter than the half-life of immunoFSH. Serum inhibin levels were suppressed by 19-nortestosterone and did not change significantly after injection of the FSH preparation, suggesting that the FSH dose was insufficient to elicit this biological response. It is concluded that the currently used dose regimen for the treatment of male hypogonadism is inadequate for maintenance of serum bioFSH levels in the normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Intramuscular injections of slow-release lanreotide (BIM 23014) in acromegalic patients previously treated with continuous subcutaneous infusion of octreotide (SMS 201-995).

Nine acromegalic patients (five females and four males), mean age 50 +/- 4 years, presented macroadenomas (N = 7), microadenoma (N = 1) or normal computed tomography scans (N = 1). Patients were treated with continuous subcutaneous infusion of octreotide (range 200-600 micrograms/day). Following a washout period of 7 days, the patients were injected im with 30 mg slow-release lanreotide every 10 days for the first month and then twice monthly. In case of elevated growth hormone (GH) levels at 3 months, the patients were injected every 10 days for the next three months. Plasma GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGH-I) decreased in all patients during octreotide treatment. After 6 months of octreotide treatment, seven patients were considered as well controlled (mean 8 h GH < 5 micrograms/l, IGF-I normal) whereas in two patients the mean 8-h GH and/or IGF-I levels remained increased. Serum GH and IGH-I increased after octreotide withdrawal. In one patient, serum GH and IGF-I increased during slow-release lanreotide administration and injections were stopped after 45 days. After 3 months of lanreotide, three patients were well controlled while in five patients GH or IGF-I levels were not normalized. At 6 months, five patients were injected twice monthly and three patients had one injection every 10 days. Six patients were well controlled and in two patients the mean 8-h GH level remained increased. The pituitary tumor volume decreased by 20-30% in two patients during octreotide, as well as in one other during slow-release lanreotide therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acromegaly↗
PubMed2004

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after single intravenous and intramuscular injections.

The pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in 2-yr-old loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after single i.v. and i.m. injections were studied for biologic marking and therapeutic applications. Twenty juvenile turtles were divided into two treatment groups. Ten animals received 25 mg/kg of oxytetracycline i.v. and 10 received the same dosage i.m. Plasma oxytetracycline concentrations were analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Data from the i.v. route best fit a three-compartment model, whereas noncompartmental analysis was used to compare data from both the i.v. and i.m routes. For the i.v. route, means for maximum plasma concentration, terminal phase half-life, systemic clearance, and apparent volume of distribution at steady state were 6.6 microg/ml, 66.1 hr, 290.7 ml/hr/kg, and 18.4 L, respectively. For the i.m. route, means for systemic availability, maximum plasma concentration, and elimination half-life were 91.8%, 1.6 microg/ml, and 61.9 hr, respectively. The remarkably high apparent volume of distribution may possibly be associated with a deep compartment of drug disposition such as bone deposition associated with the large skeletal mass of turtles and the fact that these were well-nourished, growing juveniles. Although maximum plasma concentration by i.m. administration was lower than for the i.v. route, the long elimination time indicates that an infrequent dosing interval may be effective for sensitive bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after single intravenous and intramuscular injections.

The pharmocodynamics of single injections of florfenicol in yearling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) were determined. Eight juvenile loggerhead sea turtles weighing 1.25 (+/- 0.18) kg were divided into two groups. Four animals received 30 mg/kg of florfenicol i.v., and four received the same dose i.m. Plasma florfenicol concentrations were analyzed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. After the i.v. dose, there was a biphasic decline in plasma florfenicol concentration. The initial steep phase from 3 min to 1 hr had a half-life of 3 min, and there was a longer slow phase of elimination, with a half-life that ranged from 2 to 7.8 hr among turtles. The volume of distribution varied greatly and ranged from 10.46 to -60 L/kg. Clearance after the i.v. dose was 3.6-6.3 L/kg/hr. After the i.m. injection, there was a peak within 30 min of 1.4-5.6 microg/ml, and florfenicol was thereafter eliminated with a half-life of 3.2-4.3 hr. With either route, florfenicol plasma concentrations were below the minimum inhibitory concentrations for sensitive bacteria within 1 hr. Florfenicol does not appear to be a practical antibiotic in sea turtles when administered at these doses.

Absorption↗
PubMed1999

Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after single intravenous and intramuscular injections.

The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in yearling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) following single i.m and i.v. injections were studied. Eight juvenile 1.25+/-0.18 kg turtles were divided into two groups. Four animals received 20 mg/kg of ceftazidime i.v. and four received the same dose i.m. Plasma ceftazidime concentrations were analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The i.v. and i.m. administration half-lives were 20.59+/-3.24 hr and 19.08+/-0.77 hr, respectively. The volume of distribution was 0.42+/-0.07 L/kg, and the systemic clearance was 0.217+/-0.005 ml/min/kg. Ceftazidime was detected in all blood samples and its concentration exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for Pseudomonas for 60 hr after i.m. and i.v. injections.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular injection in rabbits.

The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of enrofloxacin were determined after IV and IM administration of 5 mg/kg of body weight to 6 healthy adult rabbits. Using nonlinear least-squares regression methods, data obtained were best described by a 2-compartment open model. After IV administration, a rapid distribution phase was followed by a slower elimination phase, with a half-life of 131.5 +/- 17.6 minutes. The mean body clearance rate was 22.8 +/- 6.8 ml/min/kg, and the mean volume of distribution was 3.4 +/- 0.9 L/kg. This large volume of distribution and the K12/K21 ratio close to 1, indicated that enrofloxacin was widely distributed in the body, but not retained in tissues. After a brief lag period (6.2 +/- 2.86 min), IM absorption was rapid (4.1 +/- 1.3 min) and almost complete. The mean extent of IM absorption was 92 +/- 11%, and maximal plasma concentration of 3.04 +/- 0.34 micrograms/ml was detected approximately 10 minutes after administration.

Animals↗