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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Copper intrauterine contraceptive devices in adolescent nulliparae.

Copper intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) were used in 243 young nulligravidae attending a gynaecological clinic for schoolgirls in Uppsala between March 1973 and June 1975; 226 of these girls (93%) were seen again during December 1975 making a total of 3138 months of observation. At the time of follow up, 126 patients (55.8%) still had the IUCD in situ; 20% had expelled the IUCD and in another 24.2% the IUCD had been removed because of bleeding and/or pain or because of suspected pelvic inflammatory disease (7 patients). Twelve of the girls conceived during the period of observation making the Pearl index 4.6; nine of the conceptions occurred within nine months of the insertion of the IUCD. Unlike others we do not advocate the use of the IUCD for young nulligravidae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Post-termination contraception: use of the Multiload Cu250.

During a period of 27 months Multiload intrauterine devices were inserted immediately after suction evacuation of the uterus into 125 patients in two hospitals. Sixty-one patients were lost to follow-up despite careful explanation of the need to attend. The remaining 64 patients provided a total of 630 women months for analysis. Eleven patients requested removal of the Multiloads for various personal reasons. Four devices were spontaneously expelled, three in the first 2 months. Eight devices were removed on account of pain or bleeding and one because of infection. Five other patients were considered to have less severe uterine infection not requiring removal of the devices. These complications have to be viewed against those inherent in the procedure of termination: 4.4% pain or bleeding 3.6% uterine infection. Forty women are known to be continuing to wear the devices. They show no differences in terms of parity, gestation at the time of termination or degree of dilatation of the cervix at the time of termination from the other groups. One pregnancy occurred after 10 months of use. While acknowledging the deficiency of the study due to the high defaulter rate the immediate insertion of a Multiload at the time of termination of pregnancy can be considered as an acceptable method of contraception.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1977

Missing tails.

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Female↗
PubMed1978

Effectiveness of etamsylate in intrauterine-device menorrhagia.

107 parous women wearing Szontágh-type IUDs were treated with either etamsylate or placebo tablets by a double-blind technique with random allocation. The length of the cycles, the duration of menstrual bleeding and the amount of bleeding were analyzed. Etamsylate treatment favourably influenced menstrual bleeding in IUD users. In the etamsylate group, the number of "bleeding days' and the amount of menstrual flow were significantly less than in the placebo group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Intrauterine device insertions: setting our standards.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the documentation for intrauterine device (IUD) insertions was satisfactory and to agree minimum standards for practice. METHOD: A list was drawn up with minimum standards for documentation in the case notes. These were agreed at the clinical audit meeting. A retrospective analysis of case notes was done and a list completed for each IUD insertion. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: IUD fittings at all the Abacus clinics from 1 September 1999 to 31 October 1999. RESULTS: Of the 232 IUD insertions, the gold standard for documentation was met in 20%, however documentation of essential criteria was met 93% and all criteria 83% of the time. Each doctor received individual, confidential, comparative feedback. CONCLUSION: We were able to agree a minimum standard for documentation to enhance adequate counselling, safe insertion, communication with colleagues and risk management.

Communication↗
PubMed2003

Intravesical migration of a GyneFix intrauterine device.

A case of intravesical migration of a GyneFix intrauterine device (IUD) is described, in which the patient presented with supra-pubic pain and urinary symptoms. The diagnosis was made 34 months after the insertion of the IUD, by ultrasound scan. The GyneFix was removed endoscopically. A description of the GyneFix device, the possible adverse effects and incidences of its complications, the importance of post-insertion follow-up, and the need for awareness of the possibility of intravesical migration are discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2004

GyneFix insertion.

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Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1977

Outcome of pregnancy in the presence of intrauterine device.

The outcome of 196 pregnancies with Lippes Loop in situ was studied. In 102 cases with inaccessible thread, the IUD was left in place. Ninety-four women had the IUD removed when the thread was still visible. The incidence of spontaneous abortion and premature delivery was 56.8% in the group of 102, and was significantly higher than in those women whose loop was removed. No serious complications occurred in any of the cases. The results suggested that the IUD should be removed early in pregnancy when the string is still accessible.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Some adverse effects of copper-IUD.

Perforations and extraction problems in some 30 700 women wearing a copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), either a Cu-7 or Cu-T have been studied. Perforations were very rare. Judging from the literature and the present investigation, in cases of perforation the Cu-7-IUD has a tendency to penetrate the uterine wall and the Cu-T-IUD the cervical wall. Retracted and detached strings were observed somewhat more often in women wearing Cu-7-IUD's. The number of such cases was, however, not large enough to warrant a statistical comparison. The cause of retention, investigative procedures and recommendations in the removal of lodged Cu-IUD's are discussed.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1986

A solution to the problem of "missing" IUD threads.

A disposable, plastic, sterile instrument, RetrievetteR, for the retrieval of 'missing' threads of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) at routine gynecological investigations was developed and tested in 80 patients. In 64 instances, the threads were found and easily drawn out through the cervical canal. In the remaining 16 cases, where the threads were not found, this was due to already expelled IUD in 6, too short threads in 5, inverted IUD in one, IUD which had partly perforated the uterine wall in one, unknown factors in 2 cases where the women chose to keep a correctly placed IUD in spite of missing threads and, finally, in only one case due to method failure. In the latter case, a correctly placed IUD with threads of normal length was later extracted under general anaesthesia. It is concluded that this instrument can help the physician avoid more complicated and unpleasant procedures with ultrasonic or X-ray localization and subsequent IUD extraction under local or general anesthesia in women with missing IUD threads.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1993

Hormonal intrauterine devices.

Intrauterine administration of progestogens from an IUD was introduced more than 15 years ago in order to improve the contraceptive efficacy and to reduce side-effects. A device releasing 20 micrograms levonorgestrel daily (Levonova) with a life span of at least 5 years is now available and has been subjected to an extensive study including 1821 women followed during 5 years. The safety and efficacy were evaluated in comparison to Cu-T IUDs. The pregnancy rate (Pearl index) was 0.09. During the first two cycles after insertion intermenstrual bleeding was common, otherwise the frequency of side-effects was low. The results seem to justify the conclusion that intrauterine administration of progestogens represents a further development of IUDs and hormonal contraception. Furthermore, these devices have proven to be effective in treatment of heavy menstrual blood losses. In many menorrhagic women, use of these IUDs can replace more invasive surgical methods such as hysterectomy or endometrial resection. Intrauterine administration of progestogens is also effective in opposing the proliferative effect of oestrogen on the endometrium in women on hormonal replacement therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

NORPLANT and the levonorgestrel IUD in Chinese family planning programmes.

NORPLANT was introduced into the Chinese family planning programmes in 1984 by the Population Council. After a pilot study of 1200 cases in four centres in China, the study was expanded to 12 centres with 10,718 cases of NORPLANT and 1208 cases of NORPLANT-2 followed up for more than 6 years. The 5 years net cumulative pregnancy rates were 0.5-1.2 and the net cumulative continuation rates were around 65-72 per 100 users. There were significant differences in pregnancy rates between different groups of body weight and age, i.e. the pregnancy rates were higher in groups with body weight over 70 kg and those aged below 25 years. The age, body weight and dependence on contraceptive effectiveness of NORPLANT should be taken into account in the selection of users. Nationwide large-scale studies in provincial and country rural areas and postmarketing surveillance are being carried out. Changes in ovarian function and endometrium have been studied. Levonorgestrel IUD (LNg-IUD) was introduced into China in 1985. Comparative clinical studies on NORPLANT and LNg-IUD, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies and endometrial studies of LNg-IUD were performed. The higher percentage (55.1%) of ovarian suppression in Chinese users of LNg-IUD may be attributed to ethnic differences among Caucasian women in their susceptibility to steroid hormones. Results showed favourable acceptance of both devices among Chinese women. The studies promoted the incorporation of new long-acting contraceptive methods into the Chinese family planning programmes.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1976

Four years' experience with the gravigard in nulliparous women.

A study of the Gravigard in nulliparous patients is presented. Experience with the use of the device in 348 other patients is drawn upon for the discussion. The Gravigard is shown to be an acceptable form of contraception for nulliparous females who cannot take oral contraceptives. The failure rate was 2-6 per hundred woman-years (HWY) (corrected 1-3/HWY).

Female↗