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PubMed1986

Involving relatives in aphasia therapy: an application of language enrichment therapy.

A programme of therapy for aphasia devised in Finland, Language Enrichment Therapy, was tested in an English version, particularly in respect of its co-operative use by speech therapists and the patients' relatives at home. Although a number of changes were recommended, the method was approved of by therapists and relatives. The majority of patients showed improvement, as assessed by the Western Aphasia Battery, over a period of less than three months with a regimen of one hour a week with the therapist supplemented by an average of five hours of help by a relative at home. These results should encourage the development of programmes such as Language Enrichment Therapy as an economic way of enabling speech therapists to use volunteer helpers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Treatment of 140 cerebral palsied children with a combined method based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate a method that is effective and practical for treatment of cerebral palsied (CP) children in China. METHOD: The patient's age and disease type and individual specific conditions were considered in choosing therapy methods accordingly: Chinese herbs, acupuncture, auricular seed pressure, point finger pressing, massage, orthopedic hand manipulation, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, language therapy, etc. Meanwhile we created a new CP treatment model that combines hospitalized treatment with family therapy. RESULTS: The majority of CP patients improved greatly in motor and social adaptation capacities after treatment. Wilcoxon paired rank sum test analysis showed that there were significant differences between the data before and after treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: This combined therapy method, based on traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine plus family supplemental therapy, is an effective and practical treatment strategy for CP children in China.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Medicare and Medicaid programs; salary equivalency guidelines for physical therapy, respiratory therapy, speech language pathology, and occupational therapy services--HCFA. Final rule.

This final rule sets forth revisions to the salary equivalency guidelines for Medicare payment for the reasonable costs of physical therapy and respiratory therapy services furnished under arrangements by an outside contractor. This final rule also sets forth new salary equivalency guidelines for Medicare payment for the reasonable costs of speech language pathology and occupational therapy services furnished under arrangements by an outside contractor. The guidelines do not apply to inpatient hospital services and hospice services. The guidelines will be used by Medicare fiscal intermediaries to determine the maximum allowable cost of those services.

Medicaid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of cultural variables in assessment and therapy.

Language is a function of culture. Within the African culture traditional and faith healers play an essential role in counseling the community on various personal and communal health- and life-related conditions. This kind of practice is particularly observed among the native populations, among those less affected by Western influences, and among those who have less opposition from Western and Asian religions. It is in this context that diagnosis and treatment of the bilingual child with potential language disorders were examined from the point of view of the African culture. The present study examines the degree to which the traditional or/and faith healers diagnose and explain the nature of the child's problem to the parent(s). The impact of the African traditional healer is compared to the diagnosis made by the modern medical practitioner who adheres to the Cartesian dualism model which seeks to treat the patient by applying medical and surgical procedures. Speech-language pathologists need to recognize and consider the healer's impact on any child with a potential language disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Medicare and Medicaid programs; salary equivalency guidelines for physical therapy, respiratory therapy, speech language pathology, and occupational therapy services; revised effective date and technical correction--HCFA. Final rule; delay of effective date and correction.

This document delays the effective date of the final rule on salary equivalency guidelines, published in the Federal Register (63 FR 5106) on January 30, 1998, from April 1, 1998 to April 10, 1998. In addition, we are making a technical correction in the preamble to the January 30, 1998 final rule.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1993

Communicating with brain-impaired palliative care patients through music therapy.

Language is mainly a function of the left hemisphere of the brain; music is mainly a function of the right hemisphere. Using language and music together therapeutically with brain-impaired patients offers a greater chance of activating intact neurological pathways than using language alone. Music therapy also offers an alternate and creative way of communicating with these patients.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1981

Disfluencies in the speech of language-delayed children.

This study attempted to determine whether language-delayed children receiving language therapy and language-delayed children not receiving language therapy differed from each other and from normal controls in the amount and type of disfluencies in their speech. Comparison of disfluencies in tape-recorded speech samples of three groups indicated that the one group of language-delayed children who received language therapy had significantly more word and part-word repetitions than the other two groups.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Rehabilitation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review of available evidence.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the available evidence on the effectiveness of nonpharmacological rehabilitation interventions for people with Parkinson's disease, and identify future research needs. DESIGN: Electronic searches of four databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsychLIT) 1980-2002; examination of reference lists of relevant papers. Controlled trials and observational studies were included. Data extraction and quality assessment of papers by two independent reviewers. A narrative review. SETTING: Rehabilitation interventions delivered either in subjects' own homes, or in clinical settings as outpatients. SUBJECTS: Community-living adults with Parkinson's disease. INTERVENTIONS: Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, psychological counselling and support, and education. MAIN MEASURES: A range of outcomes: mobility, functional status, speech, swallowing, psychological well-being, as determined by the studies included in the review. RESULTS: Forty-four different studies (reported in 51 papers) were included (25 physiotherapy, 4 occupational therapy, 10 speech and language therapy, 3 psychological counselling, 1 educational, 1 multidisciplinary). All studies, except one, reported improvements on at least one outcome measure. CONCLUSIONS: Findings may reflect publication bias, but suggest interventions can affect patients' lives for the better in a variety of ways. It is difficult to interpret the clinical importance of statistically significant improvements reported in most studies. There is a need for methodologically more robust research with meaningful follow-up periods, designed in a manner that separates specific and nonspecific effects. Cost-effectiveness evidence is required to provide clear guidance on service extensions.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

Has aphasia therapy been swallowed up?

OBJECTIVE: To review the change in number of referrals to speech and language therapy for dysphasia and dysphagia over one decade. DESIGN: This retrospective study analyses data collected on an information system developed specifically for the use of speech and language therapists in the management of their services. SETTING: Eleven health care providers used the system between 1985 and 1995 and recorded details of 73758 patients referred to speech and language therapy during that period. RESULTS: Whilst there were 12 times as many dysphasic patients as dysphagic patients referred to speech and language therapy in 1987, the position was reversed by 1995 with twice as many dysphagic as dysphasic patients being referred to these services. Dysphagia in 1987 accounted for less than 1% of the referrals to speech and language therapy. This percentage increased, until in 1995 20% of referrals were for dysphagia. CONCLUSION: No causal relationship between the changes in referral to speech and language therapy for these two groups has been established in this study. However, there has been a significant increase in referral to speech and language therapy of people with dysphagia. Whilst referrals for dysphasia have increased, they represent a lower percentage increase and now receive less treatment per case than in 1987.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Systematic review of paramedical therapies for Parkinson's disease.

We evaluated the efficacy of physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech and language therapy in Parkinson's disease by synthesizing six Cochrane systematic reviews. All randomised, controlled trials examining the efficacy of a paramedical therapy versus control intervention and all those comparing the efficacy of two forms of active therapy in Parkinson's disease were included. Trials were identified by searching biomedical databases, reference lists, hand searching, and contacting investigators. The main outcome measures were quality of life, speech intelligibility, activities of daily living, and individual measures of motor and speech impairment. We identified 16 physiotherapy randomised controlled trials (399 patients), two occupational therapy trials (84 patients), and five speech and language therapy for dysarthria trials (154 patients). None of these studies examined nonpharmacological swallowing therapy for dysphagia. We were unable to perform meta-analysis of the results because the trials used heterogeneous therapy methods and outcome measures. The trials also had marked methodological flaws that could have introduced bias. In summary, we failed to find conclusive evidence of benefit for any form of paramedical therapy sufficient to recommend them in routine clinical practice. However, this lack of evidence is not proof of a lack of effect. Further large pragmatic randomised controlled trials are required to determine the effectiveness of paramedical therapies in Parkinson's disease.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2002

Lexical therapy and episodic word learning in dementia of the Alzheimer type.

The effect of a language therapy in a group of eight anomic mild patients (the Lexical Therapy group) was assessed by using a 5-month long Lexical Therapy in comparison with an occupational program used in a matched control group (AD; n = 8). The Lexical Therapy group benefited significantly from a language therapy as shown by the naming improvement postintervention. The improvement reached significance only for items that were included in the language therapy protocol and no significant generalization to untreated items was observed. In mild AD patients with anomia and no severe semantic impairment, a reinforcement of the relationship between the form of the object and the corresponding lexical label in episodic long term memory during language therapy may account for the observed lexical improvement.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emotional satisfaction of parents and speech-language therapists with outcome of training intervention in children with speech and language disorders.

The compliance of children and their parents is very important for the outcome of speech-language therapy in children. We analyzed 169 questionnaires of parents whose children had received speech-language therapy and 140 questionnaires of speech-language therapists (logopedists) concerning their satisfaction with the outcome of the intervention. Treatment was usually once weekly. We found that the majority of the parents was very satisfied with the outcome of the speech-language therapy, the professional knowledge of the speech-language therapists and the type of therapy. The speech-language therapists were in most cases pleased with the compliance of the parents. Speech-language therapists who have been working for many years tend to spend less time with parents, to consider insufficient progress as a challenge and to treat less frequently.

Female↗
PubMed1976

The recovery process of a bilingual aphasic.

The recovery process during the first year poststroke in an English-Japanese bilingual aphasic is analyzed with special emphasis on the effect of language therapy. The patient initially manifested equally severe impairment in both English and Japanese involving all language modalities with moderate impairment of reading and auditory comprehension and severe impairment of oral production and writing. Language therapy was conducted in English in a community where Japanese was the only language in the environment. In the course of language therapy, auditory and reading comprehension improved almost simultaneously in both English and Japanese. In contrast, oral language production and writing abilities improved markedly only for the treated language (English). The results are discussed in terms of their implication for the effect of language therapy on aphasia.

Aged↗