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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Thermoacoustics with idealized heat exchangers and no stack.

A model is developed for thermoacoustic devices that have neither stack nor regenerator. These "no-stack" devices have heat exchangers placed close together in an acoustic standing wave of sufficient amplitude to allow individual parcels of gas to enter both exchangers. The assumption of perfect heat transfer in the exchangers facilitates the construction of a simple model similar to the "moving parcel picture" that is used as a first approach to stack-based engines and refrigerators. The model no-stack cycle is shown to have potentially greater inviscid efficiency than a comparable stack model. However, losses from flow through the heat exchangers and on the walls of the enclosure are greater than those in a stack-based device due to the increased acoustic pressure amplitude. Estimates of these losses in refrigerators are used to compare the possible efficiencies of real refrigerators made with or without a stack. The model predicts that no-stack refrigerators can exceed stack-based refrigerators in efficiency, but only for particular enclosure geometries.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer-aided learning in prosthodontics.

Interactive video is computer-aided learning illustrated by still or moving video pictures. First introduced for the study of pathology, its application and potential in prosthodontics is reported in this article. Partial denture design was chosen as the first subject, since the systematic approach concept could easily be established by dividing the subject into five units that could individually be expanded and tested. Students are generally enthusiastic about computer-aided learning and there is considerable potential to further develop this type of learning process.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed2004

Learning to work together: using the presage, process, product (3P) model to highlight decisions and possibilities.

Collaborative practice is seen as a core aspect of professional practice and, therefore, a focus of professional education. Current interprofessional and quality assurance literature provides enumeration and discussion of a range of competencies required for effective collaborative practice. Case studies of education and training related to collaborative competences rarely discuss the nature of influences on development, delivery and learning. Barriers to development and delivery have been identified for interprofessional education, but we want to move beyond the mental picture of climbing over or moving around fixed hurdles. Learning opportunities are complex dynamic systems, seeking equilibrium. The creative tension of influences provides opportunities for insightful management. This paper uses the systems-form 3P (presage-process-product) model of learning and teaching (Biggs, 1993) to help examine the nature of educational opportunities designed to promote collaborative working. Presage, process and product factors are identified and discussed. We argue that untangling (or at least seeing) the web of influences on learning to work together promotes critical awareness and encourages more informed and timely decisions.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1975

Developmental changes in the understanding of implied motion in two-dimensional pictures.

The power of various pictorial movement cues in eliciting a reading of movement was studied to determine the relationship between the ease with which a picture is interpreted and the degree to which the picture retains the structure of reality. Movement was indicated in 2 ways: pictorial conventions indicated movement by lines, blurs, and vibration marks; and pictorial postures indicated movement by figures which were isomorphic with the postures involved in real movement. Preschoolers, first graders, sixth graders, and college students were asked to label and sort pictures of human figures as "moving" or "still". Members of the 2 young groups did not classify pictures with conventional cues as "moving" as often as they did pictures with postural cues. Members of the 2 older groups classified both types of pictures as "moving". Since postural cues for movement are recognized at an earlier age than conventional cues, those that are more similar to reality may be easier to understand.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Visual memory for moving scenes.

In the present study, memory for picture boundaries was measured with scenes that simulated self-motion along the depth axis. The results indicated that boundary extension (a distortion in memory for picture boundaries) occurred with moving scenes in the same manner as that reported previously for static scenes. Furthermore, motion affected memory for the boundaries but this effect of motion was not consistent with representational momentum of the self (memory being further forward in a motion trajectory than actually shown). We also found that memory for the final position of the depicted self in a moving scene was influenced by properties of the optical expansion pattern. The results are consistent with a conceptual framework in which the mechanisms that underlie boundary extension and representational momentum (a) process different information and (b) both contribute to the integration of successive views of a scene while the scene is changing.

Color Perception↗
PubMed2001

[The vectorial algorithm for articulate motion of human entities].

The human moving system is defined as a rigid frame, which contains 19 articulate entities. Entity rotates around the father node and its son node is the father of another entity at the next level. The human frame is divided into 5 entity links. Through the vector summation algorithm and along the link, each entity's father nodes are calculated successively, and the vectorial frame of human posture is constructed. With all the entity patterns pasted on the vectorial frame, the picture of human moving posture is drawn.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

The process of converting to a near filmless operation at the University of Utah, Department of Radiology.

The Department of Radiology at the University of Utah Health Sciences Center has made the transition from a traditional film-based department to a near filmless operation. The University of Utah is a large teaching hospital and the transition from film in an educational facility will be discussed. This transition has had its difficulties and its success is dependent on the support of departmental leadership and hospital administration. We have had more than 100 years of experience with film, and current procedures were efficient given the limitations of the medium. While motivated by the traditional reasons for moving to a picture archival and communications system (PACS), such as film savings, unavailable films, and faster reports, we found the intangibles to be the larger issue, as well as a source for the largest benefits. This report will discuss the implementation process and the affect it had on all areas of the hospital, including its impact on hospital physicians, radiologists, file room personnel, and technologists. Procedure changes to the flow of patients, film, and electronic images will also be described. This process cannot be viewed as a one-time change, but must be viewed as a continuous process as areas of improvement are identified and new and improved technologies are developed.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1996

Development of a low-cost video vector for the display of ground reaction forces during gait.

Video vector systems offer a simple and valuable tool suitable for evaluating and analysing the biomechanics of human motion. These systems are capable of widespread applications in education, clinical evaluation and research. However, the literature indicated that current video vector systems are expensive and not widely available. The work presented in this study indicates an alternative method of constructing a video vector system which is inexpensive and relatively simple to build. The system uses a VGA to video adaptor to convert computer-generated graphics of the ground reaction force into a video formet. This picture can then be overlaid on to a video picture of the moving subject using a video mixer. By careful positioning of the camera and suitable perspective drawing of the computer image a true representation of the relationship between the force vector and the subject can be produced. The system has been found to be reliable, versatile and robust and has been used for a variety of motion analysis tasks. It is hoped that the work contained in this paper will encourage others to construct their own video vector systems using similar commercially available components and hence benefit from the considerable advantages that such a system can offer. This paper describes the design and construction of a simple, inexpensive video vector system which has been shown to be a useful biomechanical technique with widespread applications in the educational, clinical and research environments.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2006

Subjective visual sensation during vitrectomy under retrobulbar anesthesia.

PURPOSE: To report a precise illustrated image of patient's view during vitrectomy. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 56-year-old male with cystoid macular edema (CME) associated with epiretinal membrane underwent vitrectomy. The patient seemed to find gratification in being operated on because he was able to see what was going on. He was a professional artist in computer graphics, and he drew three different pictures depending on the surgical procedures. RESULTS: These pictures depicted the moving of pasty, whirling fluid during core vitrectomy, numerous black or gray spots like snowflakes by intravitrealy injected crystals of triamcinolone acetonide, and a sharp tapered instrument coming into the center and membrane-like material being peeled off. CONCLUSIONS: Patients may see a precise shape in a constant size, scale, and detailed movement as well, focused on the retina without described optics. Further investigation will be required to determine this mechanism.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed2002

Microscopic model for thin film spreading.

A microscopic, driven lattice gas model is proposed for the dynamics and spatiotemporal fluctuations of the precursor film observed in spreading experiments. Matter is transported both by holes and particles, and the distribution of each can be described by driven diffusion with a moving boundary. This picture leads to a stochastic partial differential equation for the shape of the boundary. Explicit analytic results are obtained which agree with the simulations of the lattice gas.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

3-dimensional graphic display of electrocardiograms.

We developed a new method to display a potential distribution of the heart activity on the body surface. Electrocardiograms were recorded from many points distributed regularly on the precordial region. From these electrocardiograms three-dimensional graph of potential distribution was produced by a small digital computer and displayed on the CRT. This graph continuously changes with time according to change of potential distribution like an animation. An interpolation method that we had derived took a short execution time and give a smooth approximated curve. Three-dimentional graphs of electrocardiograms were produced for healthy male subjects. From these graphs a transmission of a wave front of the ventricular activation can be seen as if the wave moves over the picture.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Optic mixing of colours in Seurat's painting].

Georges Seurat is the initiator and master of the divisionism. He founds the neoimpressionism current that tries to reproduce the nature exclusively through coloured vibration. Seurat applies the colours in small touches uniformly distributed on the canvas; the colours merge if they are looked by a certain distance, through optical interference. When the spectator approaches from the picture, the special frequency decreases, the optical merging does not appear and the onlooker looks a lot of coloured spots. When the spectator moves away from the picture, the optical interference appears and the clarity of the image becomes perfectly. This current opened the way of the future's modern painting performed by Cézanne, Renoir, Van Gogh.

Color Perception↗
PubMed2004

Does motor imagery training improve hand function in chronic stroke patients? A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of motor imagery training for arm function in chronic stroke patients. The relation between mental processes such as attentional and perceived personal control over recovery, and motor imagery was additionally investigated. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Twenty patients with long-term motor impairments (mean two years post stroke), were assessed before and after four weeks of training. Ten patients mentally rehearsed movements with their affected arm. Their recovery was compared with patients who performed nonmotor imagery (n =5), or who were not engaged in mental rehearsal (n=5). SETTING: Patients were recruited from the stroke database of Ninewells Hospital, Dundee. Assessment and training were performed at the patients' home. INTERVENTIONS: The motor imagery group was asked to practise daily imagining moving tokens with their affected arm. The nonmotor imagery group rehearsed visual imagery of previously seen pictures. All patients practised physically moving the tokens. MAIN MEASURES: The following variables were assessed before and after training: motor function (training task, pegboard and dynamometer), perceived locus of control, attention control and ADL independence. RESULTS: All patient groups improved on all motor tasks except the dynamometer. Improvement was greater for the motor imagery group on the training task only (average of 14% versus 6%). No effect of motor imagery training was found on perceived or attentional control. CONCLUSIONS: Motor imagery training without supervision at home may improve performance on the trained task only. The relation between movement imagery, attention and perceived personal control over recovery remained unclear.

Female↗
PubMed2002

Luteal blood flow during the estrous cycle in mares.

Transrectal color Doppler ultrasound was used for the noninvasive investigation of luteal blood flow during the estrous cycle in six mares. Color was displayed in Power-Mode, in which the number of color pixels on the ultrasound image is related to the number of moving blood cells. Three pictures with a maximum number of color pixels of the corpus luteum (CL) during an examination period of about 20 min were selected and digitized on a laptop equipped with an external frame grabber card. The intra-class correlation coefficient for the number of color pixels was 0.90. In all estrous cycles similar patterns of changes in (C), in the cross-sectional area of sectional planes of the CL (A), and in plasma progesterone levels (P) occurred. Variance component estimates for the effect of the mare on (C), (A) and (P) were 14, 23 and 4%, for the influence of day of estrous cycle they were 41, 5 and 58% and for the effect of estrous cycle they were 7, 5 and 5%, respectively. There were high positive correlations between cyclic changes in (C) and (P) (r = 0.58; P < 0.0001). The increase in (C) between Days 0 and 5 (Day 0: ovulation) remained at high levels until Day 7 and then decreased until Day 15. There were relationships between (C) and (A) (r = 0.37; P < 0.0001) and between (A) and (P) (r = 0.24; P < 0.05), but correlation coefficients were not as high as between (C) and (P). Differences in (C), (A) and (P) between estrous cycles within mares and between mares were not related to each other (P > 0.05). The results show that transrectal color Doppler sonography is a useful, noninvasive method for examining luteal blood flow in mares, and that there are cyclic changes and individual differences in the vascularization of the CL. The possible influence of luteal perfusion on fertility in mares needs to be investigated in further studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Telemedical support using real-time ultrasonography and endoscopy images.

We developed a telecommunications apparatus (TMS-6101, NIHON KOHDEN WELLNESS CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan) and evaluated its clinical utility as a telemedical support system. It is capable of transmitting on a real-time basis such vital signs as blood pressure, arterial O2 saturation and ECG recordings, which are measured at bedside using the Life-Mate monitor (NIHON KOHDEN WELLNESS Co.). It is also capable of transmitting moving video-camera pictures in real time. In this study we assessed its application for telemedical supports with particular emphasis on ultrasonography and endoscopy images since reports of such applications are lacking. Employing this system, several kinds of technically demanding endoscopic procedures were supported successfully under the supervision of at least one off-site specialist physician. The system proved to be a very useful medical resource, since it facilitated high quality medical care and specialist consultation at any location without those specialists traveling to the scene.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed2001

Quantum trajectory analysis of multimode subsystem-bath dynamics.

The dynamics of a swarm of quantum trajectories is investigated for systems involving the interaction of an active mode (the subsystem) with an M-mode harmonic reservoir (the bath). Equations of motion for the position, velocity, and action function for elements of the probability fluid are integrated in the Lagrangian (moving with the fluid) picture of quantum hydrodynamics. These fluid elements are coupled through the Bohm quantum potential and as a result evolve as a correlated ensemble. Wave function synthesis along the trajectories permits an exact description of the quantum dynamics for the evolving probability fluid. The approach is fully quantum mechanical and does not involve classical or semiclassical approximations. Computational results are presented for three systems involving the interaction on an active mode with M=1, 10, and 15 bath modes. These results include configuration space trajectory evolution, flux analysis of the evolving ensemble, wave function synthesis along trajectories, and energy partitioning along specific trajectories. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using a small number of quantum trajectories to obtain accurate quantum results on some types of open quantum systems that are not amenable to standard quantum approaches involving basis set expansions or Eulerian space-fixed grids.

Journal Article↗