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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Surgical treatment of skin lesions induced by sulfur mustard ("mustard gas")--an experimental study in the guinea pig.

Sulfur mustard has been known as a chemical warfare agent since 1915 and its biological effects, e.g. acting as an alkylating agent reacting with nucleophiles in proteins and nucleic acids, are well known. Still, there is today no specific antidote against or treatment of sulfur mustard induced cutaneous lesions. Recently, a technique of treating thermal burns with early surgical excision followed by skin grafting has been established. The present study was undertaken to evaluate, if a similar technique could be of value in the treatment of sulfur mustard lesions. Under anaesthesia, guinea pigs were exposed to sulfur mustard vapour, followed six hours later by excision of the exposed skin segment. In animals where the skin defect was primary sutured, healing time was significantly shorter and increase in body mass greater compared to conservatively treated controls. No such differences were found if excision was followed by full thickness skin grafting. Further studies in other species are suggested to clarify the possible role of surgical excision of sulfur mustard skin lesions, followed by skin transplantation, in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Reactor comparisons for the biodegradation of thiodiglycol, a product of mustard gas hydrolysis.

An environmentally benign method for the mineralization of sulfur mustard has been proposed involving chemical hydrolysis of sulfur mustard to thiodiglycol, and then the biological degradation of thiodiglycol to generate biomass and gaseous carbon dioxide. Alcaligenes xylosoxidans (SH91) was isolated based on its ability to utilize thiodiglycol as a sole carbon source. This article compares different biological reactor designs and experimentally assesses their relative effectiveness in degrading thiodiglycol using pure cultures of SH91. The reactor configurations studied are batch, continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), and CSTR with cell recycle. From the results, it is clear that the CSTR with cell recycle offers superior performance for a given residence time or volume. These pure culture data are necessary for accurate design of a pilot-scale system where mixed cultures will be employed because of a possible incomplete chemical hydrolysis step.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗