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PubMedDate not supplied

Sex roles in instructional materials: testing the stereotypes.

This special report discusses the significance and potential benefit of portraying men in nontraditional sex roles within pictorial instructional print materials on health and child care. It is based on the cognitive and behavioral findings of a comparative research study conducted in selected rural and periurban areas of Mexico on the use of two versions of an ORS pictorial pamphlet. Major findings of the study were: (1) portraying nontraditional sex roles for men in the ORS pamphlet did not reduce the credibility of technical information contained in the pamphlet; (2) a significantly greater number of subjects preferred the version that portrayed the father figure as co-caretaker of a sick child. These unexpected results have important implications for instructional and motivational communication and health education projects throughout the developing world.

Father-Child Relations↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of coexisting metals on determination of lead and cadmium in the plastic materials test of the Japanese Food Sanitation Law].

The effect of coexisting metals in a sample on the determination of lead and cadmium in plastics used for food contact materials was investigated. In the official method specified in the Japanese Food Sanitation Law, contents of lead and cadmium are determined by a dry incineration method using sulfuric acid. It was assumed that sometimes, coexisting metals in a sample may form insoluble sulfate and that lead sulfate might be adsorbed into the insoluble sulfate. Therefore, hydrochloric acid was added to the ash, to turn formed insoluble sulfate into soluble compounds (HCl addition method). We found that recoveries of cadmium were not affected in the presence of other metals except when calcium exceeded 20 mg/g in both methods. Recoveries of lead decreased in the presence of barium exceeding 0.1 mg/g or calcium exceeding 10 mg/g in the official method. However, improvement of recoveries was achieved with the HCl addition method and by reducing the sample amount to one-tenth (0.1 g) of that specified in the official method.

Barium↗
PubMed1987

Selection of patch test materials for gold allergy.

Allergic contact dermatitis to gold is very rarely reported. The occurrence of 2 recent cases in our department prompted a review of the literature, especially regarding the optimal reagents for patch testing. Gold chloride is most commonly used but may cause persistent dermatitis at the test site. Gold sodium thiosulfate is commercially available in petrolatum and is a reliable, non-irritant preparation for patch testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Tissue implantation test in rabbits with gelatine sponges.

The purpose of this implantation study was to evaluate possible toxic effects and quality and quantity of resorption of two different resorbable gelatine sponges when implanted into the paravertebral muscle of the rabbit for a period of 7, 14 or 21 days and to evaluate bioequivalence of two types of test material. Test materials (Gelaspon) and a commercially available reference material were compared in three groups with 6 rabbits each. Tissue reaction to the implants and sponge degradation were scored on a graded scale and the sponges were compared for evaluation. No treatment-related mortality or body weight changes were observed. Clinical signs, indicative of local effects, were mainly seen for reference material. Tissue reaction after 7 days was comparable, after 14 and 21 days a significant increase in granulomatous reaction was seen for reference material. Sponge degradation was complete for test materials after 14 and 21 days without inflammatory tissue reaction, but small sponge rests of reference material were still present, accompanied by an increased inflammatory response. Results show test materials to fulfil the clinical requirements for implant material concerning fast resorption without inflammatory reactions and its superiority to reference material. Bioequivalence of used types of test material could be confirmed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

A pseudo-outbreak of purified protein derivative skin-test conversions caused by inappropriate testing materials.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a cluster of newly identified tuberculosis infections. DESIGN: A field study was conducted including interviews; medical record reviews; checking of bills and invoices, pharmacy records, and drug manufacturer information; and clinical retesting. SETTING: Community residential facilities providing comprehensive services to retarded adults. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty residential facility staff (not previously known to be purified protein derivative [PPD] positive). RESULTS: Staff had been tested with 250 TU of PPD, and 9 of 20 were tuberculin positive. Retesting with 5 TU yielded no reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Reactions were attributable to testing with a product not recommended for routine PPD screening. Healthcare workers planting PPD Mantoux tests always should check the vials to ensure that the appropriate strength solution is being used.

Adult↗