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PubMed1992

Technical curriculum models: are they appropriate for the nursing profession?

The technical view of curriculum epitomized by the Tylerian objectives-based model focuses on measurable, quantifiable outcomes. Partly because of the drive to legitimize nursing as a profession, nursing education has accepted the Tylerian approach to demonstrate acceptable levels of competence for nursing practice. This paper examines the appropriateness of the behavioural measurement of outcomes for nursing in the present decade, using the framework of Habermas' knowledge-constitutive interests. It is contended that nursing educational practices have not kept pace with changes in the ethos of nursing practice in the 1990s. Nursing education must shift its focus from the technical curriculum to encompass humanistic principles and critical reflection, compatible with currently accepted nursing values.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2004

Nursing ethics and conceptualizations of nursing: profession, practice and work.

BACKGROUND: Nursing has been understood as a calling, vocation, profession, and most recently, a practice. Each of these conceptualizations has associated with it an ethics that has emphasized particular aspects of nursing reflecting the social position of nursing in a given historical period. The ethics associated with current understandings of nursing as a profession and a practice are, we believe, no longer adequate to address the social realities and moral challenges of health care work. AIM: The aim of this paper is to discuss the limitations of the ethics associated with profession and practice and to show why the concept of work can contribute to a nursing ethics. DISCUSSION: The characteristics that have socially defined professionals, among them the possession of a unique body of knowledge, provision of an altruistic service to society, and autonomy in the sense of control over their work and work conditions, only partially reflect the realities of contemporary health care work. This is true even for physicians, an exemplar of a professional group. The ethics associated with the professions has tended to limit what counts as a moral concern and who is authorized to label them as such. More recently, the idea of a practice has been used to argue for an ethics in which professional activities of a certain kind and understood in a specific way are inherently moral. However, this approach is limited for similar reasons. Because morality cannot be separated from the social organization of health care, we argue that considering nursing primarily as work, in contrast to a profession or a practice, offers the possibility of an ethics that more completely reflects the complexity of contemporary health care. CONCLUSION: Beyond the obvious conclusion that nursing is work, conceptualizing nursing as work points to changing social realities that are raising significant ethical issues. As a concept, work inherently conveys value, connects intellectual and manual labour, and recognizes social divisions of labour. At the moment an ethics of work is merely an idea, but we believe that such an ethics would lead nurses to ask different questions and propose different answers to the moral challenges of the present and near future.

Codes of Ethics↗
PubMed1998

[Nursing profession in epidemiologic surveillance at Ribeirao Preto (1988-1996)].

The insertion of the nursing profession in Epidemiologic Surveillance (ES) at Ribeirão Preto from 1988 to 1996 has been identified in the process of health care decentralization. The qualitative methodology is used based in bibliographic and documentation sources and by 8 semi-structured interviews. Nurses are in greater number than all other health professionals and their practice are based on the Epidemiology and management of control side, represented by notifications and visits, and the prevention side, represented by immunization.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[History of the legislation for the nursing profession in Brazil].

This article outlines the contribution of the Brazilian Association of Nursing (ABEn) in the study, discussion and approval of laws and regulations that have significant impact on the nursing profession. It points out that ABEn has always had an active, pacific and accurate way of working. It emphasizes that the association has dealt with de law making-body and executive members of the government, based on technical arguments and secondary data in order to comply with the nursing professional's needs.

Brazil↗
PubMed2001

The image of the nursing profession as perceived by the community members of three adjacent residential areas of Empangeni in KwaZulu-Natal.

The study was undertaken out of concern that nurses and the nursing profession project a negative image to the public they serve. Diverse aspects of nursing examined in this study included standards or quality of nursing care and its influence on encouraging clients to utilise health care services, communication, attitudes, expertise, availability at all times and patients'/clients' participation in decision-making. Nurses are part of the communities they serve. The rationale for the study was that nurses should be alert to perceptions of the communities about the service they provide, whether expressed formally or informally. Survival of nursing as a profession is dependent upon the positive impact it has on consumers in the past, present and the future. The aim of the study was to discover, through a systematic, scientific inquiry, the positive and negative perceptions that communities have about nursing. An exploratory, descriptive study was done in KwaZulu-Natal on a sample of 50 participants from three adjacent historically Black residential areas (townships) using questionnaires. Findings of the study were contrary to the assumption that nursing has a negative image. All aspects except one were rated very good or good by the majority of the participants. Those who had negative perceptions, though in the minority, highlighted important reasons directed at both the authorities and the nurses. These were used as a basis for recommendations for further improvement of the image of nursing. The area of gross dissatisfaction among the majority was feeling unsafe with nurses getting increasingly involved in unionism, which would lead to abandonment of patients in times of industrial action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Epidemiological aspects of back pain within the nursing profession.

This paper describes a number of epidemiological findings relating to the size of the back pain problem within nursing, its distribution across nursing specialties and the comparison of these data with other occupational groups. The extent of the problem within the nursing profession has been estimated through a number of research studies. Unfortunately these studies cannot be easily compared because of differing methodologies and criteria for identifying those with back pain and inconsistent use of prevalence and incidence data. Results from a study of 3912 NHS nurses are considered in detail as is the extent to which back pain is a contributory factor in the decision of nurses to leave the profession. The use of epidemiological methods to identify factors associated with the occurrence of the disorder has also been discussed, although the difficulty of quantifying exposure for factors such as postural requirements necessitates caution in their interpretation.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2005

Aspects of the working life of women in the nursing profession in South Africa: survey results.

This article reports on a survey done among nurses registered with the South African Nursing Council. The survey was carried out in the last quarter of 2003. The purpose of the survey was to investigate aspects of the working life of women in the nursing profession in South Africa and to make recommendations on how their working environment could be improved. The important findings were that pay-related issues dominate as the main problem at work. Improving pay scales and being paid according to extra experience, responsibilities and qualifications could improve the nurses' working environment. Furthermore, training opportunities, medical insurance and equal opportunities should be addressed as a matter of urgency. In general, respondents had a positive attitude towards their job, which leaves the impression that nurses still regard their jobs as something they do for the sake of a service to the community and not only for the money they earn.

Adaptation, Psychological↗