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Sketching the future: trends influencing nursing informatics.

Technologies emerging in the fields of telecommunications, video and digital imaging, and microprocessing are shaping the future of nursing practice. To measure up to the future needs of nursing, nurses of today must have the vision and desire to become computer aware and technologically literate. Hypothetical future situations pose challenges related to current nursing informatics and artificial intelligence issues. Discussion includes technology issues related to the lifetime clinical health record. Areas that the Center for Nursing Research considers priorities for informatics suggest directions for nursing technology efforts. This article calls on all nurses to become active in designing and molding future clinical practice systems.

Computer Literacy↗

Nursing informatics. Applications for long-term care.

Long-term care (LTC) settings, specifically nursing homes, have found it difficult to manage the regulatory process and provide quality resident care without computerization. Clinical information systems in the current health care environment, including LTC, need to provide five functions. These five functions are providing the legal record of care; supporting clinical decision-making; capturing costs for financial purposes; accumulating a database for administrative queries, quality assurance, and research; and supporting data exchange between systems. While computerization may have occurred in LTC, the application of the informatics concepts with nursing standardized languages and financial and database usage may not have occurred. To succeed in the current health care environment, nursing informatics concepts need to be implemented in LTC. As a result, the quality of care for older adults in nursing homes will be improved. The purpose of this article is to identify application for nursing informatics use in the LTC setting.

Databases, Factual↗

Nursing informatics: career opportunities inside and out.

As more and more health care organizations adopt computerized information systems, and as the first faint beginnings of a trend toward implementation of computerized nursing information systems make themselves felt, nurses from all areas are being drafted into computer-related occupations. That there is a need for more and better computer education in baccalaureate, graduate, and clinical areas is becoming self-evident as well. Meanwhile, job opportunities in the field now known as nursing informatics are becoming available, and computer-savvy nurses must be ready, able, and willing to take the best advantage of these opportunities.

Career Mobility↗

Nursing informatics. Making financial management come alive.

The authors describe integration of nursing informatics concepts and computer-based instructional strategies in a financial management course for graduate level nursing administration students. Major components include: 1) computer-based instruction for financial management theory; 2) spreadsheet used for decision support; 3) utilization of forecasting software; and 4) evaluation of learning involving computer use.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

The informatics nurse specialist as change agent. Application of innovation-diffusion theory.

The informatics nurse specialist (INS) is often the primary change agent in facilitating the implementation of clinical information systems (CIS) in healthcare settings. The INS has a unique understanding of the nursing issues that can affect the change process, and thus is in a key position to facilitate positive implementation outcomes. Innovation-diffusion theory is particularly useful in its application to the change agent role of the INS. With this theoretical knowledge, the INS can design CIS training interventions according to the psychological phenomena of Rogers' Innovation-Decision Process. An understanding of the decision-making process and the distribution of different rates of innovation adoption within a given population enable the INS to anticipate and address influential factors that affect the implementation process. Thus, Innovation-Diffusion Theory may be used as a powerful cognitive tool for the INS in facilitating the diffusion process and nurses' adoption of the technology in practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

Nursing informatics issues and progress in New Zealand.

This paper presents an updated view of progress made in health informatics in New Zealand since 2003 and also highlights current issues facing nursing informatics. The progress made in health informatics in New Zealand since the national health information development "Working to Add Value through E-information" Project was introduced is outlined. A new Health Information Strategy for New Zealand 2005 has been released to guide the use of innovative information to improve the health outcomes of New Zealanders. This strategy reflects the global trends in healthcare related to epidemiological, demographic, system structure, workforce, service delivery changes and the increase in consumer expectations.

New Zealand↗

Doctoral specialization in nursing informatics.

A prototype program of doctoral study has been developed at the University of Maryland School of Nursing to prepare students with nursing expertise in the conceptualization and research of computer based information systems in hospitals, industry and other health care organizations. The graduate will be prepared to design effective nursing information systems; create innovative information technology; conduct research regarding integration of technology with nursing practice, administration, and education; and develop theoretical, practice, and evaluation models for nursing informatics.

Education, Nursing, Graduate↗

Qualitative analysis of end user computing strategy and experiences in promoting nursing informatics in Taiwan.

The purpose of this study was to analyse end user computing strategy and experiences in promoting nursing informatics in Taiwan. In February 2004, an 8-day NI technology training campaign was held in Taipei for 60 clinical nurses. Excel VBA was used as the tool to teach the clinical nurses, who had never written any programs, but were very interested in informatics. Three projects were determined after detailed discussion and evaluation of clinical needs and technical feasibility between the nurses and the technical support team, which was composed of one experienced informatics professor and one clinical NI assistant. A qualitative analysis was used to interview the three pairs of programming clinical nurses and their direct supervisors with a structured but open questionnaire. Representative concepts were categorized from the data until all were categorized. The concepts were organized under three categories: the purposes, the benefits and the challenges of system development. According to this study, end user computing strategy with Excel VBA was successful so far.

Adult↗

Nursing informatics: a model curriculum for an emerging role.

The authors delineate the emerging role of the nurse as Information Systems Specialist and describe a prototype educational program in Nursing Informatics which is designed to prepare nurses for this role. Major duties, knowledge required, and resulting interactions related to the role are discussed in relation to the curriculum design and course content. The projected impact of this model program is also addressed.

Curriculum↗

Nursing informatics in Korea.

The use of computers in the Korean healthcare system began in the late 1970s to expedite insurance reimbursements when the national health insurance system was introduced. Their application in nursing came much later because the insurance fee schedule does not include nursing services. This article explores the history and activities of nursing informatics in Korea in professional organization, education, research, clinical practice, and professional outreach. Suggestions are given on meeting the challenges of information technology for nursing in Korea.

Education, Nursing↗

Recognizing nursing informatics.

In our climate of economic uncertainty, readily accessible and reliable information is essential for cost effective decision making and forward planning in an efficient and effective manner. Information systems are widely used in the business industries to achieve the above. The state hospitals in South Africa have also realized the need for functional information systems. Where does this leave the division of nursing? This division usually comprises at least one third of the hospital establishment with very specific and often complex needs. The nurse managers at all levels have to plan, predict, forecast, monitor, and control in a similar manner to the business industries. What makes their decisions more critical is that they are dealing with human lives. A nursing informatics section with specially trained nurses will have to become an integral part of nursing, to enable nursing to keep abreast of the increasing demand for accurate and timely information for effective decision making. This paper will evaluate the importance of recognizing the need for an informatics section to evolve within the division of nursing, rather than within the general department of medical informatics.

Attitude to Computers↗

Cuban experiences in cooperative links for supporting the development of nursing informatics.

The objective of this poster is to describe the different contributions that have been offered to support the introduction of nursing informatics (NI) as a specific field of health informatics in Cuba. It presents summary information about how Cuba, like other developing countries in the Caribbean area, is aligned with the IMIA-NI-SIG objectives, and how initiatives, together with the help of some leaders of this association, have helped towards achieving the goal of developing NI in Cuba. The strategies are discussed here, along with the objective of developing a single model for how to support the development of NI in the developing countries.

Cuba↗

A collaborative international nursing informatics research project: predicting ARDS risk in critically ill patients.

An international nursing informatics research collaboration between Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina, USA and Allgemeine Krankenhaus Hospital in Vienna, Austria used data mining techniques called Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) to explore the relationship between clinical data variables and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in critically ill patients. Results of the study and logistics of international research collaboration will be presented at NI '97. The conceptual model, data mining methodology, and objectives for the collaboration are described here.

Austria↗

The Finnish informatics nurse, her job and education against a background of international development.

This paper presents a small survey made to Finnish "adp-nurses" working at adp-departments or as contact persons and informants at the wards. Their positions, job descriptions and informal education is discussed in relation to recent international development in the field. Finally the necessity of starting formal education for the European informatics nurse is stressed.

Computer Literacy↗

Nursing informatics: learning from the past to build a new future.

Health care and health information have been around since the time of Hippocrates or even before. Through the historical evolution, it is observed that the knowledge and information that were simple and easy to learn and retain by that time, became much more complex. This paper presents a brief reviewing on the evolution of nursing informatics and how it grew up and made itself visible during all these years of International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) conferences.

Forecasting↗

Nursing informatics: an evolving specialty.

Health care organizations will continue to invest heavily in clinical information systems to help improve patient safety, reduce variability of care, and increase the efficiency of their staff. These clinical information systems can assist in reducing medication errors through sophisticated medication management solutions and provide clinical decision support to aid in the decision making of all clinicians. They can also help offset the effects of a growing worker shortage, especially hard-felt in nursing, by reducing redundant tasks, improving communication, and streamlining clinical data collection. As these clinical systems are implemented, there is an increased need for information management of all of this complex data. By bringing both clinical and information systems expertise to bear, the informatics nurse plays a crucial role in ensuring that these goals are met to help the organization maximize its use of clinical information technology.$

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗