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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effects of a new platinum complex on male fertility in rats--collaborative work to determine the optimal period and optimal parameters to detect effects on male fertility in rats.

To assess the testicular toxicity induced by compound C, a new platinum complex being developed as an anti-cancer drug, the substance was intravenously administered to male rats at doses of 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks and at doses of 0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg/day for 9 weeks. Males were cohabited with non-treated females after these treatment periods and at sacrifice the genital organ weights and number of sperm in the testis were recorded and a histopathological examination performed. The females were sacrificed on day 13 of gestation and the numbers of corpora lutea, implantations and resorptions were counted. In the 4 weeks treatment 10 mg/kg/day group, the testis weight increased while the weights of the epididymides, seminal vesicles and prostate decreased significantly, and the number of sperm was significantly decreased. Extension of seminiferous tubules, vacuolization of spermatocytes, spermatids and Sertoli cells, and degeneration of spermatocytes and spermatids were observed by histopathological examination. Copulation and impregnation were not affected by treatment but the implantation rate was significantly decreased in the 10 mg/kg/day group. These results show that compound C has testicular toxicity like other platinum complexes and that organ weight, number of sperm, number of implantation and histopathological examination are useful for detection purposes. Treatment with compound C for 9 weeks did not affect male reproductive function in spite of severe general toxicity. This suggests that testicular toxicity should be detected after 4 weeks rather than 9 weeks treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Whole-herd optimization with the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. III. Application of an optimization model to evaluate alternatives to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus mass balance.

The objectives of this paper were to use a linear programming model previously described to evaluate different alternatives for reducing excess nutrients that may influence water quality on a case study farm (300 lactating cows on 430 ha of cropland growing alfalfa, grass, and corn). Several alternatives perceived to influence farm nutrient balance were evaluated for their potential to reduce N and P mass balance. Dividing lactating cow diets into three groups according to their level of milk production versus a one-group total mixed ration decreased mass balance (tonne/yr) from 51.7 to 44.7 for N, from 6.7 to 6.1 for P and from 16.2 to 14.8 for K with little influence on return over feed costs. Increasing forage quality (lower neutral detergent fiber and higher crude protein) did not improve N balance because of the increased N fixation from the air to the soil, but it increased returns over feed costs by $31,385. Improving yields to the maximum potential for the farm reduced mass balance by 29, 51, and 100% for N, P, and K, respectively, and increased returns over feed costs by $70,579. Changing the crop hectare proportions to more corn and less alfalfa reduced N and K balances by 19 and 29%, respectively, and increased returns over feed costs $39,383. Increasing annual milk production 10% by increasing milk production per head 10% compared with increasing animal numbers at the current average milk production per cow until total milk increased 10% gave $34,132 more return over feed costs with less N, P, and K retained on the farm.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2000

[Ambulatory anesthesia: which optimal organization for optimal safety?].

The ambulatory anesthesia is now well developed because of the improvement of the intraoperative and the postoperative anesthetic management. The environmental conditions are as well important as surgery and anesthesia management. The ambulatory surgery may be practiced in different type of structures. The conception of an ambulatory center must reflect the medical need and must take care of the economical and social conditions. The aim of this review article is to determine the benefit and the disadvantage of the types of ambulatory surgery organization.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed2001

[HOTEL P--Hypertension Optimal Treatment with Enalapril Lachema-Pliva. Optimal treatment of hypertension with Enalapril Lachema--Pliva].

The authors investigated in a one-year multicentric open study the effect of enalapril (Enalapril Lachema-Pliva) in 653 patients with mild to moderate hypertension treated in ambulance of 128 general practitioners and specialists in internal medicine. The blood pressure was checked after 6 weeks during the first six months and every 3 months during the second six months. Normal levels of diastolic pressure were achieved in 576 (82%) patients, whereby a combination of antihypertensive drugs had to be used in 383 (59%) patients. Complete renal functions were assessed in 51 patients, microalbuminuria declined from 91.8+/- 37.8 to 72.1 +/- 13.1 mg/l (p < 0.001), glomerular filtration was not affected. Parameters of insulin sensitivity were assessed in 117 patients, the complete lipid spectrum in 253 patients. IRI declined from 12.29 +/- 5.40 to 11.57 +/- 5.42 (p = 0.06) and glycosylated haemoglobin from 6.98 +/- 2.39 to 6.69 +/- 1.97 (p = 0.03), which slows improved insulin sensitivity. Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly and HDL increased (p < 0.001). The left ventricle mass declined significantly after treatment, using Dewereux's calculation, by 17.2 %. The left ventricular diastolic function was not affected by the treatment, however, the lef aulium and left ventricle diminished in volume.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1987

Oxytocin precipitation of prostaglandin-induced farrowing in swine: determination of the optimal dose of oxytocin and optimal interval between prostaglandin F2 alpha and oxytocin.

The influence of dose of oxytocin and the interval between prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha and oxytocin administration on the synchrony of farrowing, the prevalence of intrapartum complications, and the number of pigs dying perinatally was investigated. In study 1, sows were given 10 mg of PGF2 alpha IM on day 112, 113, or 114 of gestation or were not treated. Twenty hours after PGF2 alpha administration, sows were given 0, 5, 10, 20, or 30 USP U of oxytocin IM. Sows treated with PGF2 alpha or PGF2 alpha plus oxytocin had a shorter interval to farrowing than sows not treated or treated with oxytocin alone. Treatment with PGF2 alpha plus 30 U of oxytocin induced the most rapid onset and the greatest synchrony of farrowing, with the mean onset occurring 2.1 +/- 0.4 hours after oxytocin vs greater than 8 hours for all other treatments. Sows treated with 5 or 10 U of oxytocin had a delayed onset and a less synchronous farrowing, compared with sows treated with 0 or 20 U. Day of PGF2 alpha treatment influenced (P less than 0.05) the interval from oxytocin to onset of farrowing. As day during gestation decreased, there was a corresponding decrease in the interval between oxytocin administration and farrowing. Number of interventions to remove retained pigs was not influenced (P greater than 0.05) by day of PGF2 alpha administration. All sows treated with PGF2 alpha followed by oxytocin had a higher rate of manual interventions, compared with that in sows given PGF2 alpha but not oxytocin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗