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Results for “PERICARDITIS, CONSTRICTIVE”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Usefulness of the transgastric view by transesophageal echocardiography in evaluating thickened pericardium in patients with constrictive pericarditis.

Detection of thickened pericardium in patients with constrictive pericarditis is essential for pericardiectomy because restrictive cardiomyopathy and severe tricuspid regurgitation show similar hemodynamic data. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether transesophageal echocardiography can evaluate thickened pericardium. We investigated 7 patients with constrictive pericarditis who underwent pericardiectomy. Thickened pericardium over the right atrium was detected in 6 patients, but the borders were not clear. Thickened pericardium over the left ventricle was not detected in any patients in the standard longitudinal and horizontal views. On the other hand, thickened pericardium over the ventricles was detected in all patients in the transgastric view as an echogenic area between the liver and ventricular wall. Tissue characteristics of the thickened pericardium could be evaluated because of the high-quality images in the transgastric view. The transgastric view by transesophageal echocardiography allows high-quality images of the pericardium, which might be useful in diagnosing constrictive pericarditis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Constrictive pericarditis presenting as pleural effusion of unknown origin.

Despite the known association of pleural effusion with constrictive pericarditis, the presentation of constrictive pericarditis as pleural effusion of unknown origin has, to our knowledge, never been described. After evaluating such a case, we retrospectively analyzed all cases of established constrictive pericarditis seen in this institution in the last six years. The clinical and laboratory features of this cohort of 30 patients are similar to those of other reported series. Pleural effusion was present in 18 (60%) of 30 cases. In six (12%) of the 18 cases, pleural effusion was a major component of the clinical presentation, and in three (10%) of these six cases, the persistence of pleural effusion of unknown origin was the indication for referral to this institution. Analysis of pleural fluid in four cases revealed three exudates and one transudate. We believe this is the first report of unexplained pleural effusion as the presenting manifestation of constrictive pericarditis, and this diagnosis should be added to the list of causes of unexplained pleural effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Diagnostic role of Doppler echocardiography in constrictive pericarditis.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic role of Doppler echocardiography in constrictive pericarditis. BACKGROUND: It has been observed that patients with constrictive pericarditis have a characteristic Doppler pattern of respiratory variation in ventricular filling and central venous flow velocities. However, the observation was based on a small number of patients with known diagnosis. METHODS: We reviewed the echocardiographic features of 28 patients (21 men and 7 women; mean age +/- SD 55 +/- 15 years) with suspected constrictive pericarditis who underwent exploratory thoracotomy or pericardiectomy. RESULTS: At operation, constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed in 25 patients, restriction in 1 and normal pericardium in 2. Of the 25 patients with constriction, correct preoperative Doppler diagnosis was made in 22 (88%) and Doppler echocardiography showed restriction in 3. In two patients with a normal pericardium, Doppler features were consistent with constriction in one patient and were normal in the other. In the one patient with restriction, Doppler echocardiography showed restriction. In 19 patients with surgically proved constriction, repeat Doppler study after pericardiectomy showed normal findings in 14 and restriction in 5. Twelve of the 14 patients with normalized Doppler findings became asymptomatic, whereas all 5 with restrictive Doppler features remained symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Doppler echocardiography performed simultaneously with respiratory recording is highly sensitive for diagnosing constrictive pericarditis, and it appears to predict functional response to pericardiectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of mitral inflow and superior vena cava Doppler velocities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and constrictive pericarditis.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine whether Doppler recording of superior vena cava flow velocities can differentiate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from constrictive pericarditis in patients with a respiratory variation of > or = 25% in mitral inflow E velocity. BACKGROUND: Although respiratory variation (> or = 25%) in mitral E velocity is the main diagnostic criterion for constrictive pericarditis by Doppler echocardiography, it can also be present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Because the respiratory variation is due to increased change in intrathoracic pressure with respiration in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and to dissociation of intrathoracic-intracardiac pressure changes in constriction, it was hypothesized that the Doppler flow velocity pattern in the superior vena cava (affected by intrathoracic pressure) would be different in these two conditions. METHODS: Pulsed-wave Doppler recording of mitral and superior vena cava flow velocities in 20 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who had > or = 25% respiratory variation in mitral E-wave velocity were compared with those of 20 patients who had surgically proved constrictive pericarditis. RESULTS: Constrictive pericarditis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had similar respiratory variation in mitral E velocity (41% versus 46%). In the latter, the E/A ratio was lower (inspiration, 0.8+/-0.3 versus 1.5+/-0.7 [p < 0.0001]; expiration, 1.0+/-0.3 vs. 1.9+/-0.7 [p < 0.0001]) and deceleration time longer (inspiration, 198+/-53 ms versus 137+/-32 ms; expiration, 225+/-43 ms vs. 161+/-33 ms [p < 0.0001]). Inspiratory superior vena cava systolic forward flow velocity was significantly higher in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (72.9+/-22.6 cm/s versus 36.2+/-9.3 cm/s, p < 0.0001), while expiratory systolic forward flow velocity was similar. Hence, there was a significantly greater respiratory variation in superior vena cava systolic forward flow velocity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease without an overlap with constrictive pericarditis (39.5+/-18.8 cm/s vs. 4.2+/-3.4 cm/s, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Despite a similar respiratory variation in mitral E wave velocities, mitral inflow variables in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are less restrictive compared with those in constrictive pericarditis. More importantly, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease show a marked increase in inspiratory superior vena cava systolic forward flow velocity, which is not seen in patients with constrictive pericarditis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Chronic constrictive pericarditis associated with asbestosis.

Observation of chronic constrictive pericarditis associated with pulmonary asbestosis is reported here. Heart catheterization revealed typical patterns of cardiac constriction. The diagnosis of asbestosis was based on pathologic features associated with a long history of asbestos dust exposure without evidence for tuberculosis. The etiology of this constrictive pericarditis was related to an asbestosis pericarditis involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Porphyria cutanea tarda with constrictive pericarditis in a family.

Two cases of familial porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) with constrictive pericarditis are described. A 50-year-old woman and her 48-year-old younger brother were admitted because of right ventricular heart failure. Constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed by RV pressure waveform and echocardiogram. The patients were diagnosed as PCT based on clinical symptoms, histologic findings and elevated urinary excretion levels of uroporphyrin. Even to this day, over 40% of the etiology of constrictive pericarditis remains unknown. There is a possibility of overlooking porphyria cutanea tarda in constrictive pericarditis patients. This report describes the first documented cases of familial PCT with constrictive pericarditis.

Coproporphyrins↗