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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The conformations of trimethoprim/E. coli dihydrofolate reductase complexes. A 15N and 31P NMR study.

We have employed 15N and 31P NMR techniques to characterize the conformations of trimethoprim (TMP)/E. coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) complexes in the presence and absence of NADPH and NADP+. A single conformation was observed for TMP/DHFR, NADP+/DHFR, NADPH/DHFR, and TMP/NADPH/DHFR complexes. In the ternary complex of TMP/NADP+/DHFR both the 15N and 31P spectra revealed the presence of two conformations. However, the conformations of TMP and NADP+ in the ternary complex may not be correlated, resulting in the possible existence of four conformations for the protein ternary complex.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solid-state NMR for the study of membrane systems: the use of anisotropic interactions.

The use of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a tool to determine the structure of membrane molecules is reviewed with a particular emphasis on techniques that provide information on orientation or order. Experiments reported here have been performed in membranes, rather than in micelles or organic solvents. Several ways to prepare and handle the samples are discussed, like sample orientation and magic-angle spinning (MAS). Results concerning lipids, membrane peptides and proteins are included, as well as a discussion regarding the potential of such methods and their pitfalls.

Anisotropy↗
PubMed2006

Nitrogen-14 NMR spectroscopy using residual dipolar splittings in solids.

It is shown that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of nitrogen-14 (spin I = 1) can be obtained by indirect detection in powders spinning at the magic angle (MAS). The method relies on the transfer of coherence from a neighboring nucleus with S = 1/2, such as carbon-13, to single- or double-quantum transitions of nitrogen-14 nuclei. The transfer of coherence occurs through second-order quadrupole-dipole cross terms, also known as residual dipolar splittings. The two-dimensional NMR spectra reveal powder patterns determined by the second-order quadrupolar interactions of nitrogen-14. Analysis of the spectra yields the quadrupolar coupling constant, CQ, and asymmetry parameter, etaQ, of nitrogen-14. These parameters can be related to the structure of nitrogen-containing solids.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMed2005

Probing potential medium effects on phosphate ester bonds using 18O isotope shifts on 31P NMR.

Dipolar aprotic cosolvents, such as DMSO and acetonitrile, accelerate the rates of hydrolysis of phosphate monoester dianions. It has been speculated that the rate acceleration arises from the disruption of hydrogen bonding to the phosphoryl group. An aqueous solvation shell can stabilize the dianionic phosphoryl group by forming hydrogen bonds to the phosphoryl oxygens, whereas solvents such as DMSO are incapable of forming such bonds. It has been proposed that the loss of stabilization could result in a weakened P-OR ester bond, contributing to the observed faster rate of hydrolysis. Computational results support this notion. We have used the 18O-induced perturbation to the 31P chemical shift to ascertain whether solvent changes result in alterations to the P-O(R) bond. We have studied 16O18O-labeled methyl, ethyl, phenyl, p-nitrophenyl, diethyl p-nitrophenyl, triphenyl, and di-tert-butyl ethyl phosphate in the solvents water, methanol, chloroform, acetonitrile, dioxane, and DMSO. The results suggest no significant solvent-induced weakening of the phosphate ester bonds in any of the solvents tested, and this is unlikely to be a significant source for the acceleration of hydrolysis in mixed solvents.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mapping hypoxia-induced bioenergetic rearrangements and metabolic signaling by 18O-assisted 31P NMR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Brief hypoxia or ischemia perturbs energy metabolism inducing paradoxically a stress-tolerant state, yet metabolic signals that trigger cytoprotection remain poorly understood. To evaluate bioenergetic rearrangements, control and hypoxic hearts were analyzed with 18O-assisted 31P NMR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The 18O-induced isotope shift in the 31P NMR spectrum of CrP, betaADP and betaATP was used to quantify phosphotransfer fluxes through creatine kinase and adenylate kinase. This analysis was supplemented with determination of energetically relevant metabolites in the phosphomonoester (PME) region of 31P NMR spectra, and in both aromatic and aliphatic regions of 1H NMR spectra. In control conditions, creatine kinase was the major phosphotransfer pathway processing high-energy phosphoryls between sites of ATP consumption and ATP production. In hypoxia, creatine kinase flux was dramatically reduced with a compensatory increase in adenylate kinase flux, which supported heart energetics by regenerating and transferring beta- and gamma-phosphoryls of ATP. Activation of adenylate kinase led to a build-up of AMP, IMP and adenosine, molecules involved in cardioprotective signaling. 31P and 1H NMR spectral analysis further revealed NADH and H+ scavenging by alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alphaGPDH) and lactate dehydrogenase contributing to maintained glycolysis under hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced accumulation of alpha-glycerophosphate and nucleoside 5'-monophosphates, through alphaGPDH and adenylate kinase reactions, respectively, was mapped within the increased PME signal in the 31P NMR spectrum. Thus, 18O-assisted 31P NMR combined with 1H NMR provide a powerful approach in capturing rearrangements in cardiac bioenergetics, and associated metabolic signaling that underlie the cardiac adaptive response to stress.

Animals↗