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Results for “PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Puncture wound related pseudomonas infections of the foot in children.

Eleven children with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection complicating foot puncture wounds were reviewed. Delay in presentation (mean 2 days) and diagnosis (mean 9 days) due to a paucity of clinical signs of deep infection was characteristic of this condition. Septic arthritis (5 patients) and osteomyelitis (3 patients) were frequent complications. Treatment involved multiple surgical debridements and prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy. The clinical outcome was good although long-term radiographic changes were common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Positive immediate skin tests in cystic fibrosis: a possible role for Pseudomonas infection.

A review was made of the medical records of 49 patients from whose sputum mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa had been isolated over a 20-month period. This showed that 31 of 42 had positive immediate skin prick tests to common antigens. 21 had positive reactions to Aspergillus fumigatus antigens and 23 had precipitins to A. fumigatus antigen. 36 patients had had frequent courses of antibiotics and airway obstruction was present in 47. These results have prompted the hypothesis that the positive skin test reactions in patients with cystic fibrosis may in part be explained by the abundance of fungal and bacterial antigens that occur in the respiratory tract of these patients. The former antigens sensitize the immunoglobulin E producing cells whilst the latter exert an adjuvant action and facilitate this.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1964

DESCRIPTION AND TREATMENT OF A PSEUDOMONAS INFECTION IN WHITE CATFISH.

A virulent organism of the genus Pseudomonas was isolated from the white catfish, Ictalurus catus. The bacterium was pathogenic to all species of fish tested. Symptoms of the disease, physiological characteristics of the pathogen, and treatment methods are presented. Kanamycin injected intraperitoneally or oxytetracycline used as a feed additive was effective in controlling the disease. The growth and biochemical characteristics do not fit any description in Bergey's Manual, but the organism appears to be closely related to P. fluorescens.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki dIsease) in Israel. A review of 13 cases: is pseudomonas infection responsible?

In this report the clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings of 13 children with Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (Kawasaki disease; MCLS) are reviewed. This is the first report of a series with a description of the clinical findings as well as pathological findings in patients from Israel. Pseudomonas infection appeared to be the underlying cause of both the clinical symptoms and the pathological changes of some (or all) cases of Kawasaki disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Ophthalmic Pseudomonas infection in infancy.

Four infants developed invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa ophthalmic infections between 5 and 90 days of age. Three died from septicaemia, and the fourth required enucleation of one eye. Absent red reflexes or other eye signs in a septicaemic infant merit urgent ophthalmological assessment for endophthalmitis, in particular, Pseudomonas.

Endophthalmitis↗
PubMed1995

Therapeutic implications in the treatment of aural Pseudomonas infections based on in vitro susceptibility patterns.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the in vitro susceptibility patterns of aural isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to identify changes over a 4-year period. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: The outpatient department at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (Pa), a tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Ambulatory children younger than 18 years from whose ears P aeruginosa was isolated. OUTCOME MEASURES: The in vitro susceptibility of aural isolates of P aeruginosa to ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, sulfisoxazole, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, gentamicin, tobramycin, cefazolin, tetracycline, piperacillin, nitrofurantoin, cephalexin hydrochloride, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime axetil, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No changes were found in the trends of the susceptibility patterns over the 4-year study period, with the exception of the semisynthetic penicillins, ticarcillin and mezlocillin. These two agents were found to be relatively ineffective against the strains of P aeruginosa isolated in 1989 (59% and 18% susceptibility, respectively). This finding is in contrast to their effectiveness over the remainder of the study period (96% and 90% susceptibility, respectively), which was excellent. These observations likely reflect a change in the breakpoints for the minimal inhibitory concentrations between these periods. The intravenous agent with the best susceptibility profile was piperacillin (96%). Of the aminoglycosides tested, 94% of the isolates were sensitive to tobramycin, as opposed to only 79% for gentamicin. This finding may have significance when one is empirically selecting ototopical therapy, since both tobramycin and gentamicin are available as topical preparations. Of the oral agents, the combination of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was most effective (46%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Ceftazidime in the treatment of Pseudomonas infections in intensive-care patients.

The present study was designed to define the clinical activity and pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in Pseudomonas sp. infections. The intensive care patients included in this study were hospitalized for at least 2 weeks and have frequently received antibiotic treatment which contributed with poor host resistance to the infections with highly resistant Pseudomonas strains. Sixteen adult patients entered the study. Their age ranged from 18 to 70 years. Ceftazidime was administered in a dose of 2 g three times daily by a constant infusion over 20-30 min. Frequent clinical assessment multiple cultures and determination of renal, hepatic and bacteriological functions were performed. Bacterial cultures were obtained prior to the beginning of therapy and every 2-3 days thereafter with a follow-up period of about 1-2 weeks. Pharmacokinetics in the blood were performed. Measurements of ceftazidime were made by using HPLC. Mean peak serum concentration of ceftazidime was 58.5 micrograms/ml after administration of 2.0 g of ceftazidime and eight hours after dosing the mean plasma concentration was about 5 micrograms/ml. No accumulation of ceftazidime could be observed during the treatment period. Mean plasma half-life was 2.1 hours at the beginning and 2.2 hours at the end of therapy. The mean apparent volume distribution was 0.35 l/kg. No severe adverse effects were reported throughout the study. Ceftazidime may be effectively used as single antiinfective agent in various conditions and higher plasma concentrations are an important predictor of bacteriological and clinical response in pulmonary infections caused by Pseudomonas species.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pseudomonas infection, allergy, and cystic fibrosis.

The clinical significance of the high prevalence of positive immediate skin tests in cystic fibrosis is unclear. Using analysis of variance, we have tested the hypothesis that patients with allergic cystic fibrosis have worse lung disease than non-allergic patients. Clinical data, skin prick tests, total or specific IgE antibody levels, chest radiographs, and pulmonary function tests were obtained in 104 cystic fibrosis patients. Patients with positive immediate skin reactions to at least one allergen were more likely to be persistently colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosa than skin test negative patients. The skin test positive patients were also significantly older (mean difference 2.15 years). Analysis of variance showed that pseudomonas infection was the most significant factor contributing to lung damage and the effect of allergy was not significant. Similar longitudinal analysis of pulmonary function over 5 years and study of the hospital admission rate showed that the only statistically significant factor associated with deterioration was colonisation with P. aeruginosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cell-to-cell signaling and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium responsible for severe nosocomial infections, life-threatening infections in immunocompromised persons, and chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The bacterium's virulence depends on a large number of cell-associated and extracellular factors. Cell-to-cell signaling systems control the expression and allow a coordinated, cell-density-dependent production of many extracellular virulence factors. We discuss the possible role of cell-to-cell signaling in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections and present a rationale for targeting cell-to-cell signaling systems in the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Animals↗