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Results for “Paranoid Personality Disorder”

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PubMed2006

Dependent personality traits and information processing: assessing the interpretation of ambiguous information using the Thematic Apperception Test.

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate interpretation bias in people with dependent personality traits. METHOD: Eight Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) cards were administered to participants (N=56) who scored high or low on DSM-III-R dependent personality pathology. Two independent judges rated the TAT stories using a rating list based on the cognitive model of the dependent and paranoid personality disorder. RESULTS: Controlling for self-esteem, the dependent interpretation bias appeared to be specific for dependent personality pathology. SEM analysis supported a mediation model in which beliefs mediate the relationship between DSM-III-R traits and interpretation bias. CONCLUSIONS: The findings in this study support the hypothesis that people with dependent traits are characterized by a schema-related interpretation bias and that this bias is mediated by dependent beliefs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Querulous paranoia in Chinese patients: a cultural paradox.

OBJECTIVE: There has been no reported case of querulous paranoia from the Asian population. A prospective study was undertaken to identify patients with querulous paranoia in an outpatient clinic. METHOD: One thousand, five hundred and fifty-one new referrals to a university-affiliated psychiatric outpatient clinic in Hong Kong were screened for querulous paranoia during routine clinical work. RESULTS: Three patients with querulous paranoia (0.19%) were identified during 1 year. The case histories of these three patients are reported. CONCLUSION: Possible reasons for the low reporting rate are discussed and the importance of sociocultural traditions in the development and recognition of querulous paranoia is emphasised.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Three types of paranoid processes.

In classical descriptive psychiatry the term 'paranoid' is often used ambiguously -- referring to a variety of clinical processes which should be more clearly differentiated. Specifically, in this paper, we have differentiated three distinct sets of clinical phenomena all usually lumped together as 'paranoid': 1. Paranoid from a Sense of Guilt, 2. Paranoid from a sense of Low Self-Esteem, and 3. Paranoid from a Sense of Persecution. These three processes are distinct descriptively, dynamically and genetically. Further, this differentiation is most significant pragmatically as the treatment is different for each type.

Central Nervous System Stimulants↗
PubMed1988

Abortion in adolescence.

Sexual attitudes and behavior of adolescent females have been the topic of much interest over the past decade. Feelings about contraception, conception, and abortion have been described in relation to the adolescents' beliefs about the possibility of becoming pregnant, who will or will not "protect" them, and the influence of significant others on their decision making. This study explores differences in 35 women who had abortions during their teenage years with 36 women whose abortions occurred after the age of twenty. A demographic questionnaire, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were completed by women who were members of a patient-led support group. Premorbid psychiatric histories, the decision-making process itself, and distressing symptoms postabortion are reported. Specific differences in perceptions of coercion, preabortion suicidal ideation, and nightmares post-abortion were found in the adolescent group. Antisocial and paranoid personality disorders as well as drug abuse and psychotic delusions were found to be significantly higher in the group who aborted as teenagers. Hypotheses regarding the influences of adolescent development on mother/child relationships, power struggles, and the use of fantasy as a coping device are explored.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

[Social psychiatry of migrant workers (author's transl)].

A review of literature about psychic illness in migrant workers (with special reference to the situation in Europe) is presented, including the problems of incidence and prevalence, course of the illness, typical syndromes and treatment. Results concerning incidence and prevalence of psychic disease in migrant workers are contradictory and partly--for methodological reasons--of questionable quality. It cannot be take for granted, that migrant workers suffer more often from psychiatric disturbances than either of the two possible control groups: the populations of the emigration or immigration countries respectively. There are two high risk periods for migrants: shortly after the migration and after a longer period in the guest country. Differences between the migrant's culture and that of the immigration context (language, mythical beliefs, illness behavior) influence the manifestations of psychiatric syndromes. The following syndromes are typical for migrant workers: paranoid reactions, hypochondric-depressive syndromes, psychosomatic conditions and sexual neurosis. Special attention requests the treatment of migrant workers with psychiatric problems; the aspects of psychotherapy, accompanying social measures and the return as therapeutic measure are discussed. In the second part, a general frame of reference for the sociological analysis of the problem of migrant workers is presented. Reasons for the mass immigration of foreign workers to the industrialized countries of central Europe were the demand of labor force and the large gap in socio-economic development between the countries. In the immigration context, the foreign workers find themselves in the lowest social strata and numerous problems accumulate there. Empirical evidence for different sociological explanations of mental illnes of migrant workers ist presented: hypotheses of social selection vs. social causation (low socio-economic status, goal-striving-stress, culture-shock theory, theory of culture change and isolation hypothesis).

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1984

[Psychopathy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Delusional thematic alternation and cyclothymia].

The authors discuss the case of a 36 year old woman who, for several years, has been delirious and who has shown signs of an affective disorder, alternatively suffering from hypomanic and depressive episodes. What is most interesting is that she expresses erotomaniac delusions while she is elated and persecutory delusions while she is depressed. The authors propose an psychopathological explanation for her disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Primitive personality organization as an interpersonally adaptive modification of cognition and affect.

I have attempted a new description of the salient clinical phenomenology of the primitive personality disorders (borderline, narcissistic, paranoid and schizoid), focusing in particular on absence of personality integration, sensori-motor-affective thinking, and an inability to recognize and to own significant emotional predispositions and institute appropriate behavioral adaptations. I conclude that these phenomena cannot adequately be comprehended either from the classical intrapsychic perspective and the cognitive and affective capabilities assumed to exist in normal and neurotic individuals, or from the perspective of self psychology. I propose an alternative model in which pathology of cognition and affect is postulated to be both the contemporary cause and the historical result of pathological adaptation. For these individuals, analysis of cognition and affect must occupy the central position that analysis of conflict and defence occupies in the treatment of the neurotic.

Affect↗
PubMed1994

Beginning schizophrenia observed by significant others.

As a part of the ABC Schizophrenia Study, a large-scale investigation of the influences of age and gender on the onset and course of schizophrenia, this study compared retrospective reports about emerging symptomatology during the early course of schizophrenia given by patients and their significant others in a representative first admission sample. The Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset of Schizophrenia (IRAOS), a comprehensive interview assessing early signs and symptoms, revealed that, in most cases, patients as well as informants perceived negative, depressive, and unspecific symptoms as early signs of the disorder. Pairwise agreement about the presence of certain symptoms was good for a limited number of signs, e.g., substance abuse, suicidal behavior, parental and marital role deficits, and paranoid delusions. These items mainly concern abnormal behaviors that can be observed easily. In contrast, there was little agreement between reports about perceptual and formal thought disorder, i.e., subjective internal phenomena. The results supported a continuity model for the observability of symptoms in schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗