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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Wheat prolamine crosslinking through dityrosine formation catalyzed by peroxidases: improvement in the modification of a poorly accessible substrate by "indirect" catalysis

"Enzyme-assisted" oxidative polymerization of wheat gliadins was performed in an attempt to obtain new protein-based networks. Two plant peroxidases (soybean and horseradish) were used to induce the dimerization of tyrosine residues. The results show that tyrosines are poorly modified by these enzymes in an aqueous medium (dityrosine corresponded to 2% of the total amount of tyrosine). Two approaches were tested to overcome problems relating to accessibility to the target tyrosines: First, the efficiency of protein crosslinking via tyrosine-tyrosine aromatic ring condensation was enhanced in water when the proteins were oxidized by a fungus peroxidase (manganese-dependent peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium), which acts according to an indirect catalysis mechanism (up to 12% of the total amount of tyrosine is recovered under a dimeric form). Second, when the gliadins were dispersed in a water/dioxane (3/1) mixed solvent system, the tyrosines were more accessible on the protein surface, and similar yields were obtained with both types of peroxidase. The two types of catalysis (contact and indirect) are considered from the standpoint of the accessibility of the target residues. Enzymatic oxidations were also performed on synthetic peptides mimicking the repeatitive domains of gliadins. The results show that exposure of tyrosine to the solvent may not be sufficient to induce dityrosine formation. The mechanical properties of some films obtained from peroxidase-treated gliadins were investigated to correlate protein crosslinking with a potential application. One effect of the enzymatic treatment was to increase the tensile strength of the films. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Safe management of the pancreatic remnant with prolamine duct occlusion after extended pancreaticoduodenectomy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Occlusion of the pancreatic duct system has been used to prevent pancreatic leakage by abolishing pancreatic exocrine secretion in pancreatic surgery. However, ductal occlusion has not proved satisfactory for preventing pancreatic fistulas in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). METHODOLOGY: Pancreatic duct occlusion with a watertight drainage system around the pancreatic stump was performed following extended PD in 17 patients with (n=12) or without (n=5) a dilated pancreatic duct. RESULTS: Transient pancreatitis during the early postoperative period occurred in all patients with a nondilated pancreatic duct. No patient developed pancreatic fistula or any other serious complication in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic duct occlusion may minimize the risk of pancreatic leakage in patients with a nondilated pancreatic duct and a normal pancreas as well as in those with a dilated, obstructed pancreatic duct without compromising the postoperative quality of life. This is a safe and reliable technique for managing the pancreatic remnant in patients undergoing extended PD for advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1967

[The prolamines].

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Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Clinical studies on duct occlusion with prolamine.

To prevent recurrence the pancreatic duct occlusion firstly was employed in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis. In combination with a Whipple's procedure a duct occlusion of the situ remaining pancreatic tail was performed in 141 cases since 1978. In the late follow-up only one patient developed a recurrent pancreatitis. In patients with pre-operatively normal glucose tolerance no post-operative diabetes was induced by this method. On the basis of these findings ductal occlusion also was carried out in a case of simultaneous pancreas-kidney-transplantation. Whereas the kidney did not function satisfactorily, the grafted pancreas with obstructed duct showed good endocrine function for over 9 weeks. The patient, who previously required injections of 60 IU insulin daily, needed no insulin during this period. The serum insulin level in several determinations was markedly above that of healthy normal people (65,3 microU/ml). Because of an infection which was uncontrollable under immunosuppression, the pancreas had to be removed again.

Acute Disease↗