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Results for “Root Resorption”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption: systematic review and report of four cases.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to report four cases of multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption and to systematically review the literature on this condition. METHODS: The clinical and radiographic findings and the medical/dental histories of four patients who presented with multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption were recorded. Additionally, 10 references from the literature that reported on 14 patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption was an incidental finding on routine clinical and radiographic examination. There appeared to be no correlation between this type of resorption and any medical/dental finding. Radiographically, multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption was found to begin at the cemento-enamel junction and then either progress to involve the entire cervical region or, at some point, spontaneously arrest. Those cases that progressed to involve the entire cervical region required extraction. The number of teeth that demonstrated this condition ranged from 5 to 24 per patient. More teeth became involved as the condition was followed in time. There was no detectable frequency of occurrence for any particular dental region or tooth among the involved teeth. Of a total of 18 patients, 13 were females whose ages ranged from 7 years to 68 years. Ten of the 18 patients were Caucasian. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption was found most frequently associated with younger females. This condition appeared to be of unknown aetiology and uncertain natural history.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

A flow cytometric analysis of the biodefensive response of deciduous tooth pulp to carious stimuli during physiological root resorption.

The present study observed biodefensive responses of deciduous tooth pulp to advancing caries lesions and analysed the role of physiological root resorption on pulpal defense potential. For this purpose, immunocompetent cell content of deciduous tooth pulp was examined using flow cytometry. A total of 49 deciduous incisor and molar teeth at various stages of physiological root resorption (carious or non-carious) to be extracted for clinical reasons were used in this study. Teeth were classified according to carious lesion depth and root resorption stage. CD3+ lymphocytes were observed to be most prevalent in the pulp and to show remarkable increase along with increase in carious lesion depth. Numbers of CD8+ lymphocytes also increased significantly as carious lesions approached the pulp. However, increase in the number of CD3+ and CD8+ cells did not significantly alter CD4+/CD8+ ratios. The study also found that while B-lymphocytes increased significantly in association with root resorption, there were no significant differences in B/CD3+ lymphocyte ratios. Thus, there was no evidence of irreversible pulpal pathosis in any groups. It can be concluded that pulp maintains its healing and defense capacity against advancing carious lesion and progressive root resorption in deciduous teeth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Evaluation of apical root resorption following extraction therapy in subjects with Class I and Class II malocclusions.

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of root resorption during orthodontic treatment, and to examine the relationship between tooth movement and apical root resorption. Twenty-seven Class I and 27 Class II patients treated with edgewise mechanics following first premolar extractions were selected. The following measurements were made on the pre- and post-treatment cephalograms: upper central incisor to palatal plane distance, the inclination of upper central incisor to the FH and AP planes, the perpendicular distances from the incisor tip to the AP and PTV planes, and incisor apex to PTV. The amount of apical root resorption of the maxillary central incisors was determined for each patient by subtracting the post-treatment tooth length from the pre-treatment tooth length measured directly on cephalograms. Intra-group differences were evaluated by the Student's t-test and inter-group differences by the Mann-Whitney U-test. For correlations the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results show that there was a mean of approximately 1 mm (P < 0.01) of apical root shortening in Class I patients, but in Class II division I subjects the mean root resorption was more than 2 mm (P < 0.001). The inter-group differences were statistically significant. No significant correlations were found between the amount of apical root resorption and tooth inclination, or the duration of active treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[A radiographic survey of root resorption in pulpless primary teeth].

The goal of this article is to survey the relation between root resorption types and sex, age, pulpless source, tooth position of pulpless primary central incisors. Healthy children with pulpless primary maxillary central incisors were systematically selected from the Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital Pedodontic Department. After a complete recording of age (3-6y/o), Sex (male, female), pulpless source (caries, trauma), and tooth position (#51, #61), the bisecting angle technique was used to take periapical X-ray film of pulpless primary maxillary central incisors. A total of 112 pulpless primary central incisors was collected and classified into 5 types: Type I--mild resorption Type II--end-cutting resorption Type III--semi-circumferential resorption Type IV--circumferential resorption Type V--irregular resorption 15 teeth (13.4%) were classified as type I, 27 teeth (24.1%) classified as type II, 35 teeth (31.2%) as type III, 30 teeth (26.8%) as type IV, and 5 teeth (4.5%) classified as type V. Chi-square analysis between root resorption types and sex, age, pulpless source, tooth position were performed, and two results were noted: (1) There are no relation between root resorption types and sex, age, tooth position. (2) There is a close relation between root resorption type and pulpless source. The pulpless teeth caused by caries tend to be resorbed as type III and type IV; on the other hand, the pulpless teeth caused by a traumatic source tend to behave like type I and type II.

Child↗

PubMed2002

In vitro measurement accuracy of an electronic apex locator in teeth with simulated apical root resorption.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of Root ZX apex locator to determine the working length in teeth with simulated apical root resorption. Fifty extracted, single-rooted, human teeth with mature apices were used in this study. An irregular cavity defect was drilled at the apex of each tooth simulating an apical root resorption. Three operators used the Root ZX to measure the working lengths, comparing the electronic readings with the direct visual measurements. The Root ZX was 62.7%, 94.0%, and 100.0% accurate to within 0.5 mm, 1 mm, and 1.5 mm of the direct visual measurements, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between operator A and B and A and C (p < 0.01), but no significant differences were detected between operator B and C (p > 0.01).

Dental Pulp Cavity↗

PubMed1980

A time-related study of periodontal healing and root resorption activity after replantation of mature permanent incisors in monkeys.

Periodontal and pulpal healing was registered histometrically at different observation periods after replantation of mature incisors in green Vervet monkeys. Maxillary central incisors and mandibular lateral incisors were extracted and then replanted after either 0- to 18 min. In the 18 min. group, the teeth were stored dry prior to replantation. The animals were sacrificed 1-, 2-, 4-, or 8 weeks after replantation. The mobility of the replanted teeth was determined and histological examination carried out. The following parameters were registered for each tooth: periodontal ligament healing, surface resorption, inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption (ankylosis) and the extent of vital pulp. Periodontal ligament healing, as assessed histologically or via mobility testing, was almost complete 2--4 weeks after replantation. Surface resorption was first recognized after 1 week and became prominent after 2 weeks; the frequency increased slightly after 4- and 8 weeks. Inflammatory resorption was first recognized after 1 week and showed a rapid extension with increasing observation periods. Replacement resorption was first noted afer 2 weeks, where the peak frequency occurred. The frequency decreased in both groups with increased observation periods. The 18 min. group showed significantly more replacement and inflammatory resorption than the immediate replantation group. Finally, an analysis of the systematic error of histometric registration of root resorption showed that the uneven distribution of root resorption upon the root surface could lead to significant errors in the registration of root resorption activity unless a proper sectioning plane was chosen and an adequate number of measuring locations along the root surface was used.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Multiple idiopathic external apical root resorption: report of four cases.

Multiple idiopathic external root resorption is an unusual condition that may present in a cervical or an apical form. In this article, we review the published literature relating to multiple idiopathic external apical root resorption and present four clinical cases. We consider the aetiology of this condition and discuss the various treatment options.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Examination of external apical root resorption with scanning electron microscopy.

UNLABELLED: External apical root resorption may be evident histologically but not visible radiographically until it is advanced. If working length is determined without considering this resorption, overinstrumentation or overfilling may occur. OBJECTIVE: This study used scanning electron microscopy to examine the appearance and to compare the incidence of external apical root resorption in 40 teeth with differing pulpal and periapical diagnoses. STUDY DESIGN: After extraction, 46 roots were sectioned horizontally 6 mm from the anatomic apex and prepared for scanning electron microscopy examination. Photomicrographs were scored by two blinded independent examiners. Apical resorption was categorized as: none, partial, or complete. Presence or absence of a funneling appearance of the resorption was also recorded. RESULTS: Kruskal Wallis showed a significant difference in resorption between groups; teeth with irreversible pulpitis/normal periapex had the least resorption. Duncan's multiple range test found radiographic apical lesions to have more resorption than those without lesions; teeth with necrotic pulps had more resorption than those with vital pulps. CONCLUSION: Pulp necrosis with radiolucent apical pathosis is more likely to demonstrate resorption.

Chi-Square Distribution↗

PubMed1989

[Apical root resorption of maxillary central incisors following orthodontic treatment].

This research shows the relationship between orthodontic treatment and apical root resorption. The latest edgewise appliance with a pre-adjusted bracket (Alexander method) was used in the present experimentation. Examination by roentgen cephalometry and intraoral radiography was performed before and after the maxillary central incisors had been moved orthodontically. The conclusion is that there was no significant difference among the grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 of apical root resorption in the change of long axis inclination of the maxillary central incisors. But there was a significant difference among the grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 of root resorption in the distance of the apical root movement. The most apical root resorption was observed when the apical root was moved lingually.

Humans↗

PubMed1987

Orthodontic relapse, apical root resorption, and crestal alveolar bone levels.

This investigation examined the relationship of postorthodontic treatment relapse to crestal alveolar bone support and root resorption. Thirty-six persons having completed the retention phase of orthodontics at least 10 years earlier were divided into two groups based on the amount of relapse crowding of the mandibular anterior teeth. Eighteen subjects (relapse group) exhibited 2 mm or more of mandibular anterior relapse crowding and 18 subjects (nonrelapse group) exhibited no mandibular anterior relapse crowding. At time of recall, full-mouth series of periapical and bitewing radiographs were obtained as well as lateral cephalometric films to allow comparison with similar lateral cephalometric films obtained at pretreatment and retention time points. The radiographs were examined to assess three parameters: root resorption, crestal alveolar bone levels, and changes in the position and angulation of the maxillary incisors. The subjects in the relapse group had undergone longer periods of treatment and exhibited a greater prevalence of root resorption; they also displayed significantly greater crestal alveolar bone level distances, indicating greater loss of bone support than that observed in the nonrelapse group. The distances that teeth were translated seemed to affect the extent of root resorption and crestal bone loss with smaller amounts of tooth translation seemingly more prone to demonstrate tissue loss. The findings of this investigation suggest there may be a relationship between orthodontic relapse and the parameters of increased root resorption and decreased crestal alveolar bone levels.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Subattachment inflammatory root resorption: treatment strategies.

Attempts have been made to classify root resorption according to its etiology in order to develop more efficient strategies for its treatment. This condition has been identified as resulting from damage to the protective attachment layer (predentin or precementum) of the root combined with inflammation adjacent to the root surface. This article demonstrates a series of treatment strategies focused on the reversal of each manifestation of subattachment root resorption, specifically emphasizing defects that extend apically and localized defects.

Humans↗

PubMed2001

Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous torque moment. Intra-individual study.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: With the purpose of investigating the occurrence, localization and extension of possible root resorptions after fixed appliance treatment with a continuous torque force, 28 upper first premolars orthodontically indicated for extraction from 14 patients were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Tooth movement was carried out with continuous moments of different magnitudes (300 cNmm, and 600 cNmm), using a biomechanical model with superelastic wires (stainless steel-NiTi-SE), which was specially designed and individually calibrated. The teeth were divided into one control group with four premolars (non-moved) from two patients, and two experimental groups (300 cNmm and 600 cNmm respectively) with six patients each. Each group was distributed intra-individually as follows: the right first premolar of six patients was extracted after 1 week of movement, the left first premolars were removed after 2, 3 and 4 weeks. After extraction, teeth were fixed, treated with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 6 hours in order to remove the organic tissue components, dehydrated, and metal-coated in a Balzers SCD 050 apparatus. RESULTS: The analysis in a scanning electron microscope (Jeol 6100, at 10-15 kV) revealed many resorption lacunae in the root surface, mainly on the lingual side in the apical third of the roots. Resorption processes were also observed on the buccal root surface in the cervical third. All experimental teeth showed resorption areas. Teeth which had been moved for a longer time period and with a higher magnitude of applied moments showed a higher degree of root resorption in width as well as in depth. Higher magnitude of moments produced exposure of root dentine, evidencing pronounced root resorption.

Bicuspid↗

PubMed2005

Longer orthodontic treatment may result in greater external apical root resorption.

DATA SOURCES: Medline was the primary data source, with references of identified papers then being reviewed for additional studies. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they were clinical trials, in English, of samples of greater than 10 subjects who had undergone fixed appliance orthodontic treatment and who had both pre- and postoperative X-rays available. A measurement of external apical root resorption (EARR) in maxillary incisors was essential as was a measure of displacement with the apex of the root as reference. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Variables were coded and articles graded by three independent investigators who subsequently negotiated final coding and assessed the methodological soundness of each study. A cumulative 'meta-analysis factor' was computed for each article. Articles were evaluated on study design; population sample; treatment assignment; documentation of statistics; the accuracy of root resorption measurement and apical displacement of incisor roots. A funnel plot analysis did not identify publication bias. RESULTS: Eight articles were included in the statistical analysis. Two did not contain data for mean apical displacement and therefore correlations between mean EARR and mean apical displacement could not be calculated for them. The mean meta-analysis factor was 39 (range, 12-78). Mean root resorption was 1.421+/-0.448 mm (n=8), and mean apical displacement was 2.382+/-0.756 mm. The weighted correlation coefficient between mean root resorption and apical displacement was 0.822 and that between mean root resorption and treatment duration was 0.852. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that treatment-related root resorption is correlated with the distance the apex moves and the length of time the treatment took.

Comment↗

PubMed2004

Exploring the third dimension in root resorption.

OBJECTIVE: To review and investigate the validity of various 2D quantitative measurement techniques, and to explore the third dimension of root resorption. DESIGN: A review of the literature involving various quantitative evaluation of root resorption. RESULTS: Quantitative evaluation of resorption using radiographs has proven to be highly inaccurate because of magnification errors and their inability to be readily repeated and reproduced. Studies using histology sections of samples have proven to be laborious and technique sensitive. Inherent parallax errors and loss of material in data transfer have denied the true understanding of this 3D event. CONCLUSION: With the evolution in computing technology and digital imaging, the vision of evaluating the extent of root resorption in 3D has materialized. It was demonstrated that 3D volumetric quantitative evaluation of root resorption craters was feasible and its accuracy and repeatability was high.

Humans↗

PubMed1995

The repair of orthodontic root resorption: an ultrastructural study.

It has previously been shown by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), that after force is terminated, repair of the orthodontic root resorption lacunae occur by deposition of new cementum. The ultrastructural details of the process are not well established. Since it has been hypothesized that a new barrier to protect the root surface is formed during the reparative phase, new information on this aspect of orthodontic root resorption may be valuable. The aim of the present investigation was, by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), to study in more detail the repair of orthodontic root resorption lacunae and the re-establishment of the adjacent periodontal membrane (PM). Three experimental tooth movement groups of rats (age 40-45 days) were used. The maxillary first molar was moved mesially by a closed coil spring for 10, 14, and 21 days. The results indicate that transition of active root resorption into a process of repair which occurs even in the presence of a light force, is associated with invasion of fibroblast-like cells from the circumference into the active root resorption site. After 10 days, formation of new tooth supporting structures was seen in the periphery of the resorption lacunae, while active resorption by multinucleated odontoclast-like cells (OD) took place in the central parts. In the later phases, after termination of force, the repair process is similar to the early cementogenesis occurring during tooth development. New mineralized cementum was observed on the resorbed root surface by 21 days. After deposition of the new cementum, the structures of a new periodontal ligament (PDL) were comparable with the control specimens.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microscopical aspects of root resorption of human deciduous teeth.

In order to obtain detailed information on the tissue changes which occur during physiological root resorption, 52 human deciduous teeth at various stages of resorption were studied under light microscopy. The early stage of root resorption was defined as resorption of not more than one third of the root length; the late stage was defined as resorption of more than one third. A close topographical interrelationship was found among che sites of pressure of the permanent tooth, the extent of root resorption and the types of tissue changes. Linear resorption (which reflects suspension or marked slowing down of resorption) and redeposition of hard tissue were more pronounced at the early stage of resorption, while lacunar resorption was more pronounced at the late stage. There were pronounced haemorrhagic and inflammatory infiltrates within the pulp at the late stage of resorption and the subodontoblastic cells disappeared as the infiltrates took over the tooth. False denticles were found frequently, especially at the early stage of resorption. Unexpectedly, acellular cementum was found to be deposited against secondary dentine at the cuspidal tip of the pulp chamber of seven teeth, independently of any sign of resorption nearby. These data indicate that: 1) the pressure exerted by a permanent tooth is the most important factor in the differentiation of odontoclasts. 2) the extent of lacunar (i.e., active) resorption correlates directly with the resorption rate, which is higher at the late stage of root resorption. 3) inflammation is a consequence, rather than a cause, of resorption; it may lead to the loss of subodontoblastic cells and a consequent decrease in the ability of the pulp cells to replace damaged odontoblasts. 4) the pulp of the deciduous tooth might be cementogenic in some way, given that about 13% of the samples were found to be so.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Progression of root resorption following replantation of human teeth after extended extraoral storage.

Avulsed human permanent teeth subjected to a minimum of 1 h dry extraoral storage before replantation were followed radiographically for an average of 4.8 years. The depth of root resorption cavities was assessed using a radiographic index, and the rate of root resorption was defined as the index change over time. The frequency of inflammatory and replacement resorption was determined at each observation time. Replacement resorption increased in frequency with time in all patients. In teeth endodontically treated within 3 weeks of replantation, minimal inflammatory resorption was found regardless of the age of the patients. In teeth where endodontic treatment was performed more than 3 weeks after replantation, the frequency of inflammatory resorption was significantly higher in young patients but not in older patients, up to more than 3 years after replantation. The rate of root resorption was found to be related to age. In patients 8-16 years old at the time of avulsion the rate of root resorption was significantly higher compared with patients 17-39 years old. Age had a higher impact on the rate of root resorption compared with the delay in endodontic treatment after replantation. It was concluded that a tooth replanted with a necrotic periodontal membrane will become ankylosed and resorbed within 3-7 years in young patients, whereas a tooth replanted under similar conditions in older patients may remain in function for a considerably longer time.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

A new approach in restorative treatment of external root resorption. A case report.

This case report describes the treatment of an external root resorption with extensive loss of tooth structure and bone at the labial surface of an upper left central incisor. The area of bone loss and root resorption was surgically exposed and an impression was taken using curing silicone. An individual ceramic insert was fabricated, allowing endodontic retreatment through an artificial root canal. The insert was incorporated using a dentin bonding system and a dual curing luting composite. Following endodontic retreatment and internal bleaching, a ceramic veneer was bonded to the tooth to obtain good esthetics and to improve stability. Twenty months after surgical treatment no further root resorption could be detected radiographically. A shallow residual pocket but no bleeding on probing was found.

Adult↗