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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case of pulmonary aspergillosis with a tumor shadow, diagnosed by transbronchial aspiration cytology].

A 41-year-old female was admitted because of cough and hemosputum. She had no underlying disease and the presence of respiratory disease had not been pointed out. Chest X-ray and CT scan showed a solid, homogeneous tumor with a distinct margin near the right hilum. The tumor measured approximately 5 x 4 cm. Because other laboratory data concerning the serum levels of tumor marker and anti-aspergillus antibody were normal, benign lung tumor or malignant lymphoma was suspected at first. Transbronchial cytology and biopsy were performed, but there were no significant findings. However transbronchial aspiration cytology of the specimen obtained from the bifurcation between the right upper lobe bronchus and the truncus intermedius demonstrated Aspergillus. After the administration of antifungal drugs, the tumor decreased in size, and an air crescent sign appeared. This was thought to be a very rare case of locally invasive form of pulmonary aspergillosis, as described by Sider et al demonstrating a necrotic fungal ball during its clinical course.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of sheep platelet arachidonate metabolism by flavonoids from Spanish and Indian medicinal herbs.

The influence of 22 flavonoids was studied on the arachidonic acid metabolism in sonicated sheep platelets. Flavones and flavonols possessing catechol groups inhibited 12-lipoxygenase. Sideritoflavone and quercetagetin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside were more selective than quercetin. Cirsiliol, hypolaetin, hypolaetin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside, gossypetin, gossypin, hibifolin and leucocyanidol were also 12-lipoxygenase inhibitors with some differences in potency and selectivity. Xanthomicrol was a weak cyclooxygenase inhibitor. These results suggest that lipoxygenase inhibition can play a role in the anti-inflammatory activity of hypolaetin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside, sideritoflavone, gossypin and hibifolin. On the other hand, the presence of sideritoflavone, hypolaetin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside, cirsiliol and xanthomicrol in several species of Sideritis may provide a basis for the use of such plants as anti-inflammatory agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Hypothetical aspects of the preventive effectiveness of controlled reflex and stimulation therapy (exemplified by acupuncture and PuTENS) in migraine].

On the basis of lang term therapeutical and experimental experience with acupuncture and punctual transcutaneous electrical nervestimulation (PuTENS) and in connection with the present neurophysiologically knowledge the results of reflextherapy and stimulatory-therapy in migrain are discussed. The established analgetic, vascular, musclerelaxing and reflectory effects of acupuncture may in part explain a causative influence on migraine. Trigger mechanisms siderably reduced and the vegetative state are favourable influenced.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

[Dynamic bimaxillary osteotomy: the new occlusal base].

The authors present an ortho-surgical method which unites occlusion and aesthetic without compromise and without stopping orthodontic work during the immediate post-operative period. The occlusal preparation permits us a global and simultaneous mobilisation of the two maxillars which are ostesynthezed in posterior skeletal disclosing. This disposition allows a lingual replacement and gives more facility to an eventual immediate post-operative occlusal replacement. The stiff osteosynthesis with immovable plates realize a therapeutic dissociation between the skeletal stage and the basal alveolo-dental stage. The "proprioceptive amnesia" and the "muscular sideration" permit a proprioceptive reorganisation and a new neuro-muscular fonctionnement elaborated from a new occlusal base. The free movements of the T.M.J. facilitate these acquisitions and allow a perspective supervision of the occlusion in a dynamic perspective.

Esthetics, Dental↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural investigation on the myelinated fibres in toad medulla oblongata during metamorphosis.

The ultrastructure of myelinated fibres in the ventro-medial area of medulla oblongata of metamorphosing Bufo bufo was studied. In the first stages of metamorphosis the fibres show normal distribution of the axonal organelles, while in the myelin sheaths the lamellae appear detached from one another with an irregular period and absence of the intra-period line. In the middle and final stages of metamorphosis there are myelin sheaths like those described above, but there are others with compact lamellae, regular period and intraperiod line always visible. Moreover, it is possible to observe myelin sheaths with intermediate characteristics. In that period of metamorphosis many myelinized axons may show degenerative pictures, more or less evident. However, these always precede possible degenerative aspects of the myelin sheath. The different morphological characteristics of the sheaths can be interpreted as different maturation stages of the myelin sheath, from embryonal to definitive-conditions. It is less easy to interpret the significance of the numerous degenerating nervous fibres observed in the cone sidered area of medulla oblongata. On the basis of the bibliographic data and preceding studies, the Authors think that degeneration of the fibres is not necessarily linked to cellular degeneration, but to a quiescent condition in which many nervous cells of the Amphibian's CNS would settle during metamorphosis while waiting for replacement of the target organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of hypolaetin-8-glucoside and related flavonoids on soybean lipoxygenase and snake venom phospholipase A2.

Hypolaetin-8-glucoside, a novel flavonoid isolated from Sideritis mugronensis and possessing anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective properties in the rat, was compared with the structurally related flavonoids hypolaetin, isoscutellarein, rutin, quercetin and kaempferol for inhibitory effects on the enzymes soybean 15-lipoxygenase and snake venom phospholipase A2. The aglycone flavonoids dose-dependently inhibited snake venom phospholipase A2 but the glycosides hypolaetin-8-glucoside and rutin were inactive. All 6 flavonoids inhibited soybean 15-lipoxygenase with no differences between glycosides and aglycones, although flavonols appeared more active than flavones. The inhibition of these enzyme activities cannot explain the anti-inflammatory action of hypolaetin-8-glucoside, unless a significant proportion of the drug reaches the target tissue as the aglycone, hypolaetin.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Experimental Neurotraumatology. Investigations of injuries to the cerebral cortex by light and electron scanning microscopes (author's transl)].

To study early ultrastructural lesions including cortical contusions, investigations of injuries to the cortical arteries were made with a transmission electron microscope to supplement those made with conventional light microscopes. The various injuries were produced on five trephined dogs with the help of instruments. The survival times amounted to 2,6,9,15, and 21 days. Rapid swelling of the brain was reflected in great enlargement of the astrocyte processes. The regressive changes in the medullary sheaths as well as the intracellular destruction of erythrocytes are described in more detail. The accumulations of osmiophile particles (ferritin granules) in the form of siderous cystosomes seem to correspond to the hemosiderin plaques detectable by light microscopes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Acute gastric distension due to sepsis in a newborn infant].

The acute distention of stomach in the newborn is conditional by metabolic alterations like hypocalcemia or by septic states. We present the case of a newborn with antecedents of membrane rupture for 12 hours obtained by cesarean procedure, of 38 weeks by Capurro, score without perinatal asphyxia and 3320 g of birth weight, which evolutioned with respiratory distress and its first exams showed leukopenia, low platelet count and the cerebrospinal fluid showed 390 cells with polymorphonuclear predominium considering the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. At the second day he presented abdominal distention secondary to gastric camera dilatation, were made a laparotomy to descart congenital obstruction and only found gastric distention. In all newborn with acute gastric distention its important for first instance descart congenital intestinal obstruction and is on sidered this entity by exclusion. We recommend in this patients sepsis worshop. The treatment is drainage by orogastric tube and antibiotics. The prognosis is good once upon treating the basic problem.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Painful and transient spasm of the cardioesophageal sphincter (author's transl)].

The writers describe a painful and transient spasm of the lower esophageal sphincter. Clinically, it is a matter of total aphagia, which is painful and prolonged, and occurs during eating; it always responds to medical treatment (rehydratation and antispasmodics), and it does not exceed 48 hours. An X-ray examination is both essential and characteristic: it visualizes the spasm of the lower esophageal sphincter in its full extent, the food gap, the sideration of the thoracic esophagus, and the disappearance of the air pocket. A perfect understanding of these clinical and and radiological signs enables a recognition of the functional nature of this medically curable condition, and thus aids patients of all ages to avoid an unecessary surgical operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Siderosis of the lens (author's transl)].

Incipient siderosis of the lens is reflected by an extremely fine granular, almost homogenous closely subcapsular brown discoloration between the anterior capsule of the lens and the epithelium. Advanced siderosis of the lens leads to subcapsular "rust spots" of varying size, especially in the region below the pupil; to increasing permeability cataract with protein breakdown and also to brown discoloration of the developing hollow spaces and clefts containing protein. In extensive siderosis of the lens, there was the following histological evidence of iron infiltration colour reactions: Between epithelium and capsule: (fusiformly) changed epithelia, intercellular substance formed by metaplasia of epithelia with connective tissue fibrillae (birefractive capsular cataract), in large, balloon-like epithelial cells freely occurring in the liquefied capsule, by decomposition of these cells in all fluid cavities containing protein (water clefts, etc.). On the other hand, there were no siderous granulations of protein: in normal epithelial cells of the lens, in unchanged fibres of the lens, in Wedl's cells and in Morgagni's or myelin droplets.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Phytochemical evaluation of essential oils, medicinal plants and their preparations].

A surway is presented on the authors' work in the field of volatile oil research. The gas chromatographic method previously used for analysis of essential oils was transformed to capillary gas chromatographic conditions. The method is also suitable for separation of compound-pairs frequently occurring in essential oils (peppermint, rosemary, lavender, sage, clary sage, thyme oils). Beside the gas chromatographic analysis of essential oils, which was necessary for their standardization and qualification, the influence of different extraction methods and some biological facts e.g. the ontogenesis on the change of essential oil composition are also discussed. It has been established that the water steam distillation from acidic medium can be more advantageous than the traditional one, if the volatile terpene derivatives were bound in form of glycosides or dimeric quajazolide lactons were present in plant (oregano, Sideritis, wormwood oils). Comparing the composition of essential oil obtained by water steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) it was found that the SFE fractions are richer in ester constituents because the possibility of hydrolysis is reduced, and the oils are more valuable than the classic oils. On the other hand, when the transformation processes are important (chamomile), the distillation is the better method. The change of essential oil composition of Ocimum basilicum L. and Anthriscus cerefolium L. was also studied during the vegetation period. It has been established that in budding and early flowering stages the basil oil was rich in monoterpenes; the quantity of sesquiterpenes and phenylpropane derivatives increased only in later stadiums. Finally the extraction and analytical processes are discussed which are used for standardization of complex plant preparations which contained essential oil as active agent and represented various medicinal forms.

Chamomile↗
PubMed2001

Measurement of ultrafast ionization dynamics of gases by multipulse interferometric frequency-resolved optical gating.

Ultrafast ionization dynamics of femtosecond laser-irradiated noble and simple diatomic gases were studied using a novel two-color time-domain technique which eliminated significant complications seen in past experiments. Ultrafast depletion of the probing laser pulse was observed strictly coincident with the ionization front and attributed to a previously unobserved nonlinear frequency mixing via the transverse plasma current [F. Brunel, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 7, 52 (1990)]. Good quantitative agreement of the measured single-atom ionization rates with Ammosov-Delone-Krainov rates was found, except for O (2) which showed a 200x smaller rate.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Association of dominant somatotype of men with body structure, function during exercise, and nutritional assessment.

This study examined the hypothesis that somatotype determines body structure, functional responses at peak exercise, and nutritional status of 63 men ages 18-40 years who lived under controlled conditions. Data were grouped by dominant somatotype to emphasize differences in body types. Dominant ectomorphs (n = 19) had less (P < 0.05) body weight, fat weight, and percent body fat than endomorphs (n = 14) and mesomorphs (n = 30). Fat-free weight (FFW), total body potassium (TBK), and body cell mass (BCM), normalized for stature, were lower (P < 0.05) in the ectomorphs than in the endomorphs and mesomorphs. Comparisons between measured and predicted FFW and TBK showed that only the ectomorphs had less (P < 0.05) FFW and TBK than expected. Although all groups had the same peak power output, the ectomorphs had different functional responses during peak exercise. Ectomorphs had the greatest respiratory exchange ratio (P < 0.05), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen, and end-exercise plasma lactate concentrations (P < 0.05), and lowest peak oxygen uptake (L/min; P < 0.05). Nutrient intakes and blood biochemical markers of nutritional status were within the range of normal values in all groups. Correlations between measures of body structure, function, and nutritional status and dominant somatotype components were calculated after controlling for the effects of the other two somatotype components. Partial correlations were variable, with significant correlations ranging from -0.30 to 0.87. These data indicate that ectomorphs, as compared to endomorphs and mesomorphs, have deficits in FFW and BCM which are associated with differences in functional capacity. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 12:167-180, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Incidence and descriptive features of testicular cancer among United States whites, blacks, and Hispanics, 1973-1982.

This is a descriptive epidemiologic report based on over 3000 incident testicular cancer cases occurring among residents of the US and Puerto Rico, as reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute for the years 1973 through 1982. White men had significantly higher incidence rates than their New Mexico Hispanic, black, and Puerto Rican Hispanic counterparts with weighted risk ratios of 1.36, 4.62, and 4.80, respectively. Ethnic differences in incidence were least evident at the extremes of age. Although the distribution of histologic subtypes did not differ across ethnic strata, morphologic expression was related to age at diagnosis. There was a predominance of right-sided tumor involvement in each ethnic group in childhood (less than 15 years of age), but not in the oldest age categories or among tumors presenting in cryptorchid testes. Never married men appeared to be at greater risk of developing nonseminoma testicular cancer than their married counterparts. Analysis of ethnic secular trends, using data from comparable geographic areas, showed a consistent increase in incidence among young men for all three ethnic groups. The contrast between the rate differences and the homogeneity of descriptive parameters across ethnic strata suggest the impact of quantitative rather than qualitative differences in environmental etiology.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1989

Transrectal ultrasound. A case report related to the natural history of prostate cancer.

This is a case report of a man with prostate cancer diagnosed 10 years ago by digital rectal examination and prostatic biopsy. He was followed with serial transrectal ultrasound examinations for the last 22 months. Transrectal ultrasound enabled us to observe the natural history of his cancer. Because of accelerated tumor growth, a radical prostatectomy was performed. The tumor was confined within the prostate capsule and thus considered a "cure." Transrectal ultrasound is an invaluable tool for continuous monitoring of patients with prostate cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Prostate cancer: transrectal ultrasound and pathology comparison. A preliminary study of outer gland (peripheral and central zones) and inner gland (transition zone) cancer.

A study was conducted to compare results of transrectal ultrasound with pathologic findings on 116 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for treatment of prostate cancer. In 96% (111 of 116), transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies of a hypoechoic lesion proved cancer; seven patients had known Stage A cancer; one patient had cancer detected by palpation and not detected by ultrasound. Cancers in the outer gland (peripheral and central zones) were compared with cancers in the inner gland (transition zone) by both ultrasound and pathology. Forty-eight percent (52 of 108) of cancers originating in the outer gland showed extraprostatic extension (Stage C disease). The primary sites of tumor escape from the outer gland were the prostatic capsule (38%), anterior fibromuscular stroma (5%), seminal vesicle (18%), the base of the gland at the neurovascular bundle (21%), and the apex (31%). Twenty-two percent (17 of 54) of cancers originating in the inner gland (transition zone) showed extraprostatic extension (Stage C disease). The primary sites of tumor escape from the inner gland were the anterior fibromuscular stroma (6%) and apex (11%). Both histologic and biologic differences between outer and inner gland cancers were found when tumor size was controlled. Gleason scores were significantly different for inner and outer gland cancers, with mean scores of 6.2 +/- 1.6 and 7.4 +/- 0.9, respectively. An odds ratio of 8.6 confirmed the increased risk of extraprostatic extension for outer gland cancer. Outer gland cancers showed increased aggressive behavior of both histologic and biologic nature. The difference in biologic aggressiveness of outer and inner gland cancers has definite implications for treatment options. Use of other diagnostic parameters, such as DNA ploidy, may help to determine which cancers to treat and when to treat them; this may have more relevance for cancers originating in the inner gland. Strategic transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy affords accurate tumor mapping and staging when modes of internal spread and escape of cancer from both outer and inner gland are known. Thus, transrectal ultrasound may be our "window of observation" through which additional research may explain the histologic and biologic discrepancies between outer and inner gland cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Predicted prostate specific antigen results using transrectal ultrasound gland volume. Differentiation of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.

METHODS: The diagnostic performance of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) gland volume and prostate specific antigen (PSA) results were evaluated in 204 men consecutively scheduled to undergo transurethral prostatic resection (TUR). RESULTS: Nonpalpable prostate cancer was detected by TRUS alone in 18% (29 of 161) and by TUR alone in 9% (14/161), for an overall cancer incidence of 27%. A predicted PSA value (TRUS gland volume x 0.20 ng/ml/g = polyclonal PSA) was used for comparison with serum PSA for each patient. TRUS positive predictive value improved from 52% to 86% when serum PSA exceeded the predicted value. The specificity and positive predictive value of PSA at 2.5 ng/ml were 23% and 37%, respectively, which increased to 88% and 72%, respectively, when serum PSA exceeded the predicted value. CONCLUSIONS: Predicted PSA values produce decision levels near the 95th percentile for each patient and assist individual biopsy decisions better than grouped gland volume ranges. Wider application of TRUS and PSA in any clinical setting or early detection program is now possible.

Aged↗