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Results for “Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Reactive pulmonary artery vasoconstriction in pulmonary consolidation evaluated by color Doppler ultrasonography.

A total of 122 patients with pulmonary consolidation on chest radiographs underwent color Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate hemodynamic change in regional pulmonary artery in pulmonary consolidation due to various causes. The diseases underlying pulmonary consolidation included 66 simple pneumonia, 37 obstructive pneumonia, 13 tumor consolidation and 6 pulmonary infarctions. Blood flow signals in consolidation were detected by color-flow mapping. The degree of reactive vasoconstriction was evaluated from analysis of the spectral waveform of the blood flow in the segmental pulmonary artery by several vessel resistance-indicating Doppler ultrasound (US) indices, including pulsativity index (PI), resistive index (RI), and acceleration time (AT). The results showed that reactive vasoconstriction was most marked in obstructive pneumonia, followed by simple pneumonia, and least in tumor consolidation (p < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test and p < 0.001, Dunn's test for comparison of PI, RI and AT values between different groups of pulmonary consolidation). No flow was detected in pulmonary infarction. We conclude that color Doppler US is a useful tool for evaluating reactive vasoconstriction in pulmonary consolidation. The different degrees of reactive vasoconstriction may be helpful in exploring the possible etiology of pulmonary consolidation.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed2004

Value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of orbital vascular flow in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate choroidal and retinal vascular flow dynamics by means of color Doppler ultrasonography in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis and to compare these findings with healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Color Doppler ultrasonography and spectral analysis of nasal and temporal posterior ciliary and central retinal artery flow of both eyes were performed in 20 patients (40 eyes) and 22 controls (44 eyes) to assess peak systolic flow velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity, and resistive indices (RI). Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and any cardiac pathology were not included in the study. A general ophthalmologic examination was performed in all patients and controls. RESULTS: The average peak-systolic and end-diastolic blood flow velocities of nasal (12.88 +/- 4.91/6.88 +/- 3.26) and temporal (15.22 +/- 9.59/6.41 +/- 3.97) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (14.94 +/- 8.38/6.7 +/- 4.13) in patients were significantly higher than the corresponding values of the controls. The RI values of nasal (0.52 +/- 0.10) and temporal (0.58 +/- 0.12) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (0.55 +/- 0.11) in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were significantly lower than in the controls. CONCLUSION: Choroidal and retinal blood flow velocities are higher and RI values for all three vessels lower in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis compared to healthy controls. These alterations may be related to either increased choroidal blood flow or vasoconstriction of the proximal vessels.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Identification of hepatic venous territories in liver resection by using color Doppler ultrasonography: report of two cases.

OBJECTIVE: Resection of the hepatic vein because of the proximity of tumors may result in increased congestion in the noncancerous parenchyma, which in turn may lead to functional hepatic volume loss and postoperative hepatic failure, especially in a case of low hepatic reserve. However, to our knowledge, no technique for estimating the extent of dependent hepatic venous territories before hepatic resection has been established. We examined the possibility of using color Doppler ultrasonography for this purpose. METHODS: A color Doppler system and a linear array transducer equipped with multiple Doppler frequencies ranging from 7 to 13 MHz were used intraoperatively. Two patients with hepatocellular carcinomas were examined. By tracking entire branches of the targeted vessel, from the trunk to the terminal branches extending to the liver surface, it was possible for the boundaries of the dependent areas to be projected and marked on the liver surface with either ink or electrocautery. RESULTS: In both cases, this method was effective for either minimizing the congestive area or preserving the hepatic mass that was being drained via aberrant routes. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of hepatic venous territories by means of color Doppler ultrasonography may provide new information about intrahepatic blood circulation and may increase the safety and curability of hepatic resection.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Intracavernous papaverine/phentolamine-induced priapism can be accurately predicted with color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the value of penile duplex ultrasonography in predicting the occurrence of intracavernous drug-induced ischemic priapism directly after the rigid erection phase. METHODS: We evaluated 250 men with erectile dysfunction by color Doppler ultrasonography after the diagnostic injection of papaverine hydrochloride and phentolamine mesylate. Cavernosal artery waveforms were recorded, and peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of the recorded waveforms were measured. In cases of priapism, color Doppler ultrasonography findings were evaluated to identify any finding that would predict priapism. RESULTS: In all, 41 patients experienced painful rigid erection for more than 1 hour after injection. All patients were divided into two groups. Group I included 16 patients who achieved full erection lasting less than 6 hours. Group II included 25 patients who achieved full erection lasting more than 6 hours. All patients of group I had PSV less than 61 cm/s and EDV of 0 to 2 cm/s. On the other hand, all patients of group II had PSV greater than 66 cm/s and EDV of 0 to 1 cm/s. These findings were accurate predictors of persistent erection requiring intervention in all 25 patients of group II and in none of the group I patients (100% specificity and sensitivity). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that during the first hour of penile color Doppler ultrasound study, PSV of 66 cm/s or more together with EDV of 0 cm/s is a reliable predictive factor for priapism. This finding is reliable enough that treatment for priapism should be initiated without further delay.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Role of color Doppler ultrasonography in the preoperative staging of pancreatic cancer.

We describe our experience with color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in the preoperative staging of pancreatic cancer and, particularly, in detecting the involvement of the portal-mesenteric trunk (PMT). Of the 54 patients studied, 43 (79.6%) underwent surgery and 11 (20.4%) did not because of evident infiltration of the PMT. Of the 43 patients operated on, the CDU study was normal in 8 cases (18.6%), abnormal in 33 (76.7%), and not possible in the remaining 2 cases (4.7%). Results of the CDU were confirmed intraoperatively in 39 cases (diagnostic accuracy, 95.1%). In only two cases (4.9%) did the CDU not show involvement of the PMT, which was, instead, demonstrated by intraoperative ultrasonography (false negatives). Of the 11 nonoperated patients, all showed morphological alterations at CDU, while only 7 showed hematic flow changes. The sensitivity of CDU was 94.2% and the specificity 100%. The positive predictive value was 100%; the negative predictive value, 75%. The results indicate that CDU may be the first imaging technique for preoperative assessment of PMT involvement in pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Comparison study on the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction with color Doppler ultrasonography and nocturnal electrobioimpedance volumetric assessment].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography(CDUS) and nocturnal electrobioimpedance volumetric assessment (NEVA) in the assessment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and in differentiating the causes of ED. METHODS: CDUS and NEVA were performed in the 45 patients with ED. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to their results of CDUS, and compared all parameters of NEVA between each two groups, and then studied the correlation between CDUS and NEVA in the assessment of ED. RESULTS: In the non-vasculogenic ED group, 17 (94.4%) patients had normal nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT); and in contrast, there were 9(75.0%) and 8(72.7%) patients with abnormal NPT in the arteriogenic and venogenic ED groups, respectively. Except that the blood volume change of penis in the venogenic ED group was significantly lower than that in the non-vasculogenic ED group (P = 0.033), there were no significant difference in the other parameters of NEVA between each two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of NEVA are well correlated with the functions of artery and venous which were indicated by CDUS. NEVA can indicate the causes of ED to some extent.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Analysis of retrograde ejaculation using color Doppler ultrasonography before and after transurethral collagen injection.

Transurethral bladder neck collagen injection therapy was performed in a patient with retrograde ejaculation. The phenomenon of retrograde ejaculation and its correction after the therapy were clearly demonstrated by color Doppler ultrasonography. To our knowledge this is the first report showing successful observation of retrograde ejaculation using color Doppler ultrasonography.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Renovascular resistance assessed by color Doppler ultrasonography in patients with chronic liver diseases.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Renal arterial vasoconstriction is known to be related to renal hemodynamic derangement in patients with liver cirrhosis. Using color Doppler ultrasonography in patients with chronic liver diseases, abnormal resistance in the renal artery was examined non-invasively both cross-sectionally and longitudinally to clarify the relationship between renal vascular resistance and liver function to neurohumoral factors. METHODS: The study comprised 118 patients with cirrhosis, 23 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 35 healthy controls. Pulsatility and resistive indices that were derived from renal artery velocity analysis were used as parameters of renal arterial resistance. RESULTS: Both the pulsatility and resistive indices were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients (1.29 +/- 0.37, P < 0.001 and 0.69 +/- 0.07, P < 0.001, respectively) compared to controls (1.00 +/- 0.12 and 0.62 +/- 0.05, respectively) and compared to patients with chronic hepatitis (0.97 +/- 0.13 and 0.60 +/- 0.05, respectively). Both indices showed significant correlation with increased Child-Pugh grade. Each correlated significantly with plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone and norepinephrine levels. Multivariate analysis of the relationship between neurohumoral factors and renal arterial resistance disclosed that plasma renin activity was a significant independent predictor. The longitudinal change in pulsatility index, resistive index and neurohumoral factors were examined in the cirrhotic patients who were followed-up for longer than 6 months. Pulsatility and resistive indices increased according to the deterioration of liver function and the changes in both indices were closely related to the change in plasma renin activity. CONCLUSIONS: Pulsatility index and resistive index as measured by color Doppler ultrasonography were closely related to the severity of cirrhosis and to the levels of neurohumoral factors, especially plasma renin activity, in this cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Therefore, they are useful indices for assessing renal hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of the acute scrotum].

PURPOSE: To determine the value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in the diagnosis of acute scrotum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 patients referred to our hospital with acute scrotal pain were included in this study. All patients were evaluated with CDUS after the initial clinical examinations. Blood flow of the involved testis was compared semiquantitatively to that of the opposite testis. Patients with a diagnosis of testicular torsion by CDUS underwent surgical exploration. Patients with CDUS diagnosis of epididymitis were treated with intravenous antibiotics. RESULTS: Of the 10 patients evaluated, CDUS diagnosed 5 patients with testicular torsion and 5 patients with epididymitis. All cases of torsion were confirmed intraoperatively. 2 cases with no intratesticular blood flow on CDUS had necrotic testes and underwent orchiectomy with orchiopexy of the contralateral testes. A case with absent flow and 2 cases with decreased flow had bilateral orchiopexy. CDUS findings of normal or increased flow were present in all patients with epididymitis. No cases of testicular atrophy were encountered on long-term follow up in patients with epididymitis. CONCLUSION: CDUS is helpful in detecting the perfusion of the testis as well as in getting anatomical information. CDUS is a very useful device which causes a minimal burden to the patient with acute scrotum. In most cases it will rapidly provides us the correct information although it may not be regarded as the definitive adjunct.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2004

Perforating veins in recurrent esophageal varices evaluated by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the usefulness of endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) with Levovist, a galactose-based contrast agents, for detecting veins in the esophageal wall in patients with recurrent esophageal varices after endoscopic therapies. METHODS: We compared vessel images detected prior to the use of contrast with those detected by enhanced ECDUS in 29 patients with recurrent esophageal varices. After the pre-contrast ECDUS examination, all 29 patients received Levovist intravenously, at a concentration of 300 mg/ml. A 7.5-ml dose of the contrast agent was injected at a slow infusion rate, of 1 ml/min. The perforating veins detected by ECDUS were classified, according to flow direction, into three different types. Type 1 showed inflow from the paraesophageal veins to the esophageal varices. Type 2 showed outflow from the esophageal varices to the paraesophageal veins, while type 3 was a mixed type with both inflow and outflow. For comparison, 26 patients without recurrent esophageal varices were studied. RESULTS: Color flow images of perforating veins were obtained in 9 (31.0%) of the 29 patients with recurrent esophageal varices with pre-contrast ECDUS. The detection rate of perforating veins in the patients with recurrent esophageal varices (31.0%) was significantly higher than that in patients without recurrent esophageal varices (0 of 26; 0%) with pre-contrast ECDUS. Color flow images of perforating veins were detected in 22 (75.9%) of the 29 patients with recurrent esophageal varices after Levovist contrast. On the other hand, color flow images of perforating veins were not detected in any of the 26 patients without recurrent esophageal varices after Levovist contrast. Type 1 perforating veins were recognized in 6 (20.7%) of the 29 patients, type 2 in 2 (6.9%) of the 29, and type 3 in 1 (3.4%) of the 29 prior to the use of contrast. After the enhanced ECDUS, type 1 perforating veins were recognized in 13 (44.8%) of the 29 patients, type 2 in 6 (20.7%) of the 29, and type 3 in 3 (10.3%) of the 29. All color-flow images detected with pre-contrast ECDUS were enhanced after Levovist contrast. CONCLUSIONS: Perforating veins can be detected at a high rate by ECDUS with Levovist in patients with recurrent esophageal varices after endoscopic therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Transabdominal color Doppler ultrasonography of the painful adolescent ovary.

The objective of this study was to determine if color flow Doppler ultrasonography based on patterns of perfusion can aid in providing a specific diagnosis of ovarian masses associated with pelvic pain. Color flow Doppler images of 42 ovarian lesions in 42 adolescent girls (age range, 10 to 17 years) were analyzed prospectively. The color flow patterns were classified into three main categories: lesions with no vascularity; lesions with peripheral vascularity; and lesions with internal vascularity. The diagnoses included 22 hemorrhagic ovarian cysts, seven simple cysts, three cystadenomas, seven inflamed ovaries (five with microabscesses and two with dominant cystic abscesses), and three ovarian torsions. A peripheral pattern of flow was observed in 29 of 34 (85%) cystic lesions, including 18 hemorrhagic and six simple cysts, three cystadenomas and two abscesses. Peripheral flow was also identified in four enlarged ovaries, two with inflammatory disease and two with torsion. Internal flow was noted in five patients with enlarged ovaries due to inflammatory disease. Intraovarian flow was absent in three patients with torsion and in five of 34 cystic lesions. Internal ovarian flow was identified in 90% of normal ovaries. Resistive indices, obtained in 33 abnormal ovaries, were higher in cystic lesions than in inflammatory lesions, although the values overlapped. Our findings showed that internal ovarian flow can be found in inflammatory processes and normal ovaries, but the absence of flow also is nonspecific and can be found in a variety of ovarian cystic lesions as well as in torsion. This overlap limits the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography for differentiating cystic ovarian lesions associated with pain in adolescent girls.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Increased uterine and ovarian vascular resistance following Filshie clip sterilization: preliminary findings obtained with color Doppler ultrasonography.

The effect of Filshie clip sterilization on uterine and ovarian circulation was studied with color Doppler ultrasonography in 16 women before and twice after the operation. As a whole, the vascular resistance was slightly raised in the largest uterine artery and in the fundal parts of the uterine arteries; likewise in the ovarian arteries 2 days after sterilization. The resistance in the uterine arteries approached the presterilization level at 3 months after the operation, although these changes were not statistically significant. Two women had pelvic pain in the first days after the procedure, and they were compared with the symptom-free patients. Two days after sterilization, the patients with pain had significantly higher vascular resistance in all parts of the uterine arteries as compared to the symptom-free patients. After 3 months the difference had decreased in the largest uterine arteries and in the middle parts of the uterine arteries, but in the fundal parts the resistance was still higher than before sterilization. Vascular resistance in the ovarian arteries was increased in both groups, although the elevation was more pronounced in patients with pain. These preliminary findings imply that sterilization may cause an increase in the local vascular resistance, which is measurable by color Doppler sonography.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in the presurgical characterization of adnexal masses.

The aim of our study was to evaluate flow-velocity waveforms from ovarian tumors with color Doppler, in order to test the predictivity of malignancy and to compare the Doppler technique with some morphological scoring systems. Color Doppler examination of ovarian neoplasms was performed in 122 patients within 2-3 days from surgery and, based on vascular characteristics and on Doppler resistance index, a "vascular" score was calculated. One hundred one women had benign and 21 had malignant tumors on histopathology. In all of the malignant lesions color Doppler was able to detect vascular patterns, whereas only 43% of the benign tumors showed recognizable vessels (P < 0.001). Malignant masses showed significantly greater vascular scores than those of benign tumors (P < 0.001). Doppler ultrasonography achieved better specificity and PPV when compared to morphological scores (96% vs 61-75% and 82% vs 35-48%). Color Doppler ultrasonography of ovarian tumors seems to be a reliable method in the presurgical characterization of ovarian neoplasms.

Adnexal Diseases↗

PubMed2004

Effects of sildenafil on ocular perfusion demonstrated by color Doppler ultrasonography.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sildenafil on ocular hemodynamics by color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU). In all, 38 patients with erectile dysfunction diagnosed by International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Sexual Health Inventory of Men (SHIM) scores were included into the study. After taking 100 mg of oral sildenafil citrate, all patients underwent CDU examination of central retinal artery at 60 and 75 min and CDU examination of cavernosal artery at 20, 60 and 75 min. All of the side effects during and after the test were also recorded. The mean cavernous artery peak systolic flow velocity increased significantly after sildenafil. However, no significant change was determined in central retinal artery flow parameters including peak systolic flow velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity, resistive index, pulsatility index, volume and diameter. Five patients experienced ocular side effects. No significant change was observed in retinal artery CDU measurements of patients having ocular side effects. Sildenafil has no effect on ocular hemodynamics on the basis of CDU. Ocular side effects may be the result of other changes in retinal photoreceptors rather than the ocular circulation.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Color Doppler ultrasonography is reliable in assessing the risk of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to examine the role of Doppler ultrasonography of the portal vein in predicting esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension by comparing the ultrasound data to the endoscopic findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 99 patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices underwent color Doppler ultrasonography and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The following portal hemodynamic parameters were analyzed: diameter and cross-sectional area, mean blood flow velocity, blood flow volume, perfusion pressure gradient, congestion index, and platelet count-to-spleen diameter ratio. Variceal characteristics, the size and the presence of red signs, were determined by endoscopic examination. RESULTS: Patients with variceal red signs had significantly higher values of portal diameter (1.538 +/- 0.246 vs. 1.243 +/- 0.167), cross-sectional area (1.286 +/- 0.448 vs. 0.945 +/- 0.256), blood flow volume (965.520 +/- 432.728 vs. 625.117 +/- 320.999) and congestion index (0.165 +/- 0.068 vs. 0.126 +/- 0.051) than patients without red signs, while the perfusion pressure gradient (0.260 +/- 0.087 vs. 0.447 +/- 0.271) and the platelet-to-spleen ratio (522.424 +/- 222.823 vs. 708.921 +/- 230.769) were lower. The same pattern of differences between the ultrasound parameters was found in patients with large varices comparing ones with red signs to the ones without them (diameter, 1.567 +/- 0.234 vs. 1.258 +/- 0.175; cross-section, 1.313 +/- 0.455 vs. 1.061 +/- 0.264; flow volume, 988.195 +/- 443.353 vs. 739.423 +/- 414.281; congestion index, 0.171 +/- 0.067 vs. 0.130 +/- 0.058; perfusion pressure gradient 0.247 +/- 0.078 vs. 0.501 +/- 0.379 and platelet-to-spleen ratio 479.930 +/- 184.302 vs. 699.094 +/- 316.171). Differences in values of ultrasonographic parameters were less obvious among groups of patients with different variceal sizes: only the diameter, cross-sectional area and blood flow volume were significantly different. The mean blood flow velocity did not depend on the variceal size or on the presence of red signs. The sensitivities and specificities of the analyzed parameters were 60-80% and 48.6-78.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that color Doppler ultrasonography is a useful noninvasive method for evaluating the risk of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗

PubMed1994

[Ultrasonographic study on primary hyperparathyroidism: evaluation of B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography in localization].

Seventy six patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were studied systematically by B-mode ultrasonography (BUS) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). The sensitivity to the patients was 72%, specificity 92%, accuracy 87%, positive predictive value 69%, and negative predictive value 92%. The diagnostic efficiency was the highest in the parathyroid adenomas in normal position. By comparing the diagnostic efficiency of BUS with CDFI, we found that the sensitivity was significantly different (P < 0.05) and the accuracy greatly significantly different (P < 0.01). The accuracy of CDFI was higher than that of BUS. We discussed the value of BUS in localization in the parathyroid lesions and discrimination between the various kinds of parathyroid lesions. In addition, ectopic parathyroid lesions, hyperparathyroid crisis, and comparison between various imaging examinations were also studied. It is suggested that the diagnostic level of BUS and CDFI in primary hyperparathyroidism be improved.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2005

[Study of vascular access (VA) by color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU). Comparison between delta-H and CDU methods in measuring VA blood flow rate].

INTRODUCTION: The color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) is a noninvasive vascular access (VA) monitoring technique that provides both structural and hemodynamic information from VA. On the other hand, the delta-H (AH) method is another noninvasive technique that measures the VA blood flow rate during hemodialysis (HD). OBJECTIVE: 1) To analyze some anatomic and functional parameters of VA by CDU. 2) To compare AH and CDU methods in measuring VA blood flow rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We explored the VA (radial arteriovenous fistula AVF 60.6%, brachial AVF 24.2%, femoral graft 15.2%; mean VA duration 33.5 +/- 31.5 months) of 33 stable ESRD (mean age 61.7 +/- 13.3 yr, sex M: 48.5%; F: 51.5%; mean time on hemodialysis HD 39.3 +/- 33.3 months; 9.1% diabetes) patients (pts) by CDU over 3 months period. All CDU examinations were performed off HD by the same radiologist using a 5-10 MHz linear transducer. The arterial and venous blood flow rates were calculated by CDU using the equation: flow (ml/min) = time average velocity (mean of three cardiac cycles) (m/s) x cross-sectional area (mm2) x 60. No VA explored had any sign of dysfunction prior to CDU evaluation. All pts with significant VA stenosis by CDU (> or = 50% reduction in the luminal diameter) were referred for angiography (AG). All functional parameters were measured in duplicate and the values were averaged. In addition, QA was also calculated in the same week by the deltaH method during HD using the Crit Line III Monitor. RESULTS: Feeding artery (FA) results. Mean FA diameter (FAd): 0.7 +/- 0.2 cm. Mean peak systolic velocity: 161.8 +/- 44.5 m/s. Mean FA blood flow rate (FA flow) (n = 27): 2,030.8 +/-987.1 ml/min. We found a positive correlation between mean FA flow and mean FAd (R2 = 0.39, p < 0.001). Arterialized vein (AV) results. Mean AV diameter (AVd): 0.7 +/- 0.2 cm. Mean AV blood flow rate (AVflow): 1,783.8 +/- 1,009.7 ml/min (range, 398-5,843 ml/min). Mean coefficient of variation for duplicate AV flow measurements: 9.2%. We found a positive correlation between mean AV flow and: mean FAd (R2 = 0.22, p = 0.005), mean FAflow (R2 = 0. 19, p = 0.022) and mean AVd (R2 = 0.14, p = 0.034). Three pts (9.1%) showed significant VA stenosis by CDU and in, all cases, the location and degree of stenoses were confirmed by AG. The mean AVflow was lower in VA with significant stenosis (511.0 +/- 179.1 ml/min) compared to VA without stenosis (1,911.1 +/- 968.7 ml/min) (p = 0.006). The calculated values of VA blood flow rate obtained by the CDU technique (AV flow) were highly correlated with those determined by the AH method (QA) when considering all comparison values (n = 33, ICC = 0.74, p < 0.0001), for AV flow < 2,000 ml/min (n = 23, ICC = 0.82, p < 0.0001) and for AV flow < 1,500 ml/min (n = 14, ICC = 0.73, p = 0.001). No significant difference was found when QA (1,593.8 +/- 645.7 ml/min, range 559-2,778 ml/min) and AV flow were compared (p = 0.082). CONCLUSIONS: 1) The CDU technique is a valuable and reproducible method for AV flow measurement and for early diagnosis of significant VA stenosis. 2) The AV flow is related to FA parameters. 3) Both methods, CDU and AH, correlated highly with each other when were applied on VA blood flow rate measurement.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

The effect of age on ocular blood supply determined by pulsatile ocular blood flow and color Doppler ultrasonography.

PURPOSE: Pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) assessment measures the choroidal circulation and provides diagnostic value to certain ocular diseases such as glaucoma. This technique assumes a constant ocular rigidity and is influenced by axial length, diurnal variation, and age. This study investigated the effect of age on POBF, with consideration of the above factors. Ocular blood supply in the ophthalmic artery was also determined using color Doppler ultrasonography. METHODS: A total of 118 healthy subjects aged 19 to 75 years were recruited. They were divided into five groups (below age 30, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, and 60 or above) of at least 20 subjects each. Only one eye of each subject, with axial length <24.5 mm, was considered. The subject's supine POBF was determined followed by a measurement of the blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery using color Doppler ultrasonography. All the measurements were at around the same time of day to eliminate any effect from diurnal variation. The scleral rigidity was measured using a Schiotz tonometer with 5.5- and 7.5-g weights. RESULTS: Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant increase of scleral rigidity with age (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.26, p < 0.01) and a significant decrease of POBF with age (r = -0.35, p < 0.01). The reduction in peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery with age was significant (r = -0.28, p < 0.01). Both the systolic and diastolic brachial pressure showed significant increase with age (r = 0.55, p < 0.01; r = 0.40, p < 0.01, respectively). Using multiple regression analysis, POBF showed a significant correlation with age (partial correlation r = -0.36, p < 0.01), but not with scleral rigidity or systolic or diastolic brachial pressure. The peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery also showed significant correlation with age (partial correlation r = -0.29, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction in POBF with age was significant. Although aging affects scleral rigidity and systemic blood pressure, multiple regression analysis indicates that the most influential factor affecting POBF is aging. The peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery also decreased with age, indicating reduced ocular blood supply.

Adult↗