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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Tularaemia outbreak in Bulgaria.

During the last 40 y, 2 large tularaemia outbreaks occurred in Bulgaria. We report the second outbreak, in 1998--2003, including a total of 262 laboratory confirmed cases. The majority of the patients presented with oropharyngeal tularaemia (89.7%). Less common were the glandular, pulmonary and oculoglandular forms. The diagnosis of tularaemia was confirmed serologically. In 5 cases, F. tularensis was detected by immunofluorescent assay in lymph node biopsies. By PCR, all 5 samples yielded successful amplification of the tul4 gene and the feredoxin gene of F. tularensis. Cultivation of the biopsies resulted in 2 F. tularensis isolates. Three additional F. tularensis isolates were obtained from an open well, a dead hare and a tick. All 5 isolates were identified as F. tularensis subsp. holarctica seu palaearctica. F. tularensis was detected by PCR amplification of the tul4 gene in spleen samples from 9 (21%) of 42 captured rodents. Our study indicated food and water contamination by rodents as important sources of human infection. The high prevalence of the oropharyngeal form of tularaemia supported the assumption that humans contracted the infection by alimentary route.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Weil's disease: an unusually fulminant presentation characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage and shock.

A case of fulminant leptospirosis is presented, manifesting as rapid progression from acute undifferentiated febrile illness to refractory shock, jaundice, renal failure and massive pulmonary hemorrhage. The patient received aggressive intensive care unit support including prolonged intubation and ventilation. This case emphasizes that acute leptospirosis may well not be characterized by the classic scenario of a biphasic illness, but rather by a fulminant, monophasic illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Weil's disease, milker's fever and other leptospiroses, 1981-1987].

In The Netherlands, human leptospirosis is mainly caused by the serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni, both of which belong to the Icterohaemorrhagiae group and originate from rats, serovars hardjo from cattle and grippotyphosa from voles. In 1981-1987, 175 cases of leptospirosis were registered. In 17 of these cases the infection was acquired outside The Netherlands. Infections caused by serovars from the Icterohaemorrhagiae group were mainly observed in the province of Zuid-Holland, hardjo infections in the province of Friesland. The number of hardjo infections increased. Hardjo also causes problems in cattle. Infections caused by serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni were mainly associated with exposure to inland surface waters in relation with recreational or professional activities or accidents. Hardjo infections were characteristically associated with dairy farming. The incidences of all types of leptospirosis were highest in late summer and early autumn.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗